Difference between revisions of "Benzodiazepines"

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== Dosage ==  
 
== Dosage ==  
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Comparison of benzodiazepines
 +
! Chemical name (brand name)
 +
! Half-Life [Active Metabolites]
 +
! Dose Equiv. of 10mg Diazepam (Oral)
 +
! Class
 +
|-
 +
| Alprazolam (Xanax)
 +
| 6 - 12 hours
 +
| 0.5 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Bromazepam (Lexotan, Lexomil)
 +
| 10 - 20 hours
 +
| 5 - 6 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Chlordazepoxide (Librium)
 +
| 5 - 30 hours [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 25 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Clobazam (Frisium)
 +
| 12 - 60 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Clonazepam (Klonopin)
 +
| 18 - 50 hours
 +
| 0.5 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Clorazepate (Tranxene)
 +
| [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 15 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Diazepam (Valium)
 +
| 20 - 100 hours [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 10 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Estazolam (ProSom, Nuctalon)
 +
| 10 - 24 hours
 +
| 1 - 2 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
 +
| 18 - 26 hours [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 1 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Flurazepam (Dalmane)
 +
| [40 - 250 hours]
 +
| 15 - 30 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Halazepam (Paxipam)
 +
| [30 - 100 hours]
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Ketazolam (Paxipam)
 +
| 30 - 100 hours [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 15 - 30 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Loprazolam (Dormonoct)
 +
| 6 - 12 hours
 +
| 1 - 2 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Lorazepam (Ativan)
 +
| 10 - 20 hours
 +
| 1 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Lormetazepam (Noctamid)
 +
| 10 - 12 hours
 +
| 1 - 2 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Medazepam (Nobrium)
 +
| 36 - 200 hours
 +
| 10 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Nitrazepam (Mogadon)
 +
| 15 - 38 hours
 +
| 10 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Nordazepam (Nordaz)
 +
| 36 - 200 hours
 +
| 10 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Oxazepam (Serax)
 +
| 4 - 15 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Prazepam (Centrax)
 +
| [36 - 200 hours]
 +
| 10 - 20 mg
 +
| Anxiolytic
 +
|-
 +
| Quazepam (Doral)
 +
| 25 - 100 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Temazepam (Restoril)
 +
| 8 - 22 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Triazolam (Halcion)
 +
| 2 hours
 +
| 0.5 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|}
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Non-benzodiazepines commonly referred to as Z-drugs
 +
! Chemical name (brand name)
 +
! Half-Life [Active Metabolites]
 +
! Dose Equiv. of 10mg Diazepam (Oral)
 +
! Class
 +
|-
 +
| Zaleplon (Sonata)
 +
| 2 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Zolpidem (Ambien)
 +
| 2 hours
 +
| 20 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Zopiclone (Imovane)
 +
| 5 - 6 hours
 +
| 15 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|-
 +
| Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
 +
| 6 hours
 +
| 3 mg
 +
| Hypnotic
 +
|}
  
 
=== Oral ===
 
=== Oral ===

Revision as of 00:14, 5 March 2013


General Information

Classification: Downer/Sedative/Anxiolytic

History

Dosage

Comparison of benzodiazepines
Chemical name (brand name) Half-Life [Active Metabolites] Dose Equiv. of 10mg Diazepam (Oral) Class
Alprazolam (Xanax) 6 - 12 hours 0.5 mg Anxiolytic
Bromazepam (Lexotan, Lexomil) 10 - 20 hours 5 - 6 mg Anxiolytic
Chlordazepoxide (Librium) 5 - 30 hours [36 - 200 hours] 25 mg Anxiolytic
Clobazam (Frisium) 12 - 60 hours 20 mg Anxiolytic
Clonazepam (Klonopin) 18 - 50 hours 0.5 mg Anxiolytic
Clorazepate (Tranxene) [36 - 200 hours] 15 mg Anxiolytic
Diazepam (Valium) 20 - 100 hours [36 - 200 hours] 10 mg Anxiolytic
Estazolam (ProSom, Nuctalon) 10 - 24 hours 1 - 2 mg Hypnotic
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) 18 - 26 hours [36 - 200 hours] 1 mg Hypnotic
Flurazepam (Dalmane) [40 - 250 hours] 15 - 30 mg Hypnotic
Halazepam (Paxipam) [30 - 100 hours] 20 mg Anxiolytic
Ketazolam (Paxipam) 30 - 100 hours [36 - 200 hours] 15 - 30 mg Anxiolytic
Loprazolam (Dormonoct) 6 - 12 hours 1 - 2 mg Hypnotic
Lorazepam (Ativan) 10 - 20 hours 1 mg Anxiolytic
Lormetazepam (Noctamid) 10 - 12 hours 1 - 2 mg Hypnotic
Medazepam (Nobrium) 36 - 200 hours 10 mg Anxiolytic
Nitrazepam (Mogadon) 15 - 38 hours 10 mg Hypnotic
Nordazepam (Nordaz) 36 - 200 hours 10 mg Anxiolytic
Oxazepam (Serax) 4 - 15 hours 20 mg Anxiolytic
Prazepam (Centrax) [36 - 200 hours] 10 - 20 mg Anxiolytic
Quazepam (Doral) 25 - 100 hours 20 mg Hypnotic
Temazepam (Restoril) 8 - 22 hours 20 mg Hypnotic
Triazolam (Halcion) 2 hours 0.5 mg Hypnotic
Non-benzodiazepines commonly referred to as Z-drugs
Chemical name (brand name) Half-Life [Active Metabolites] Dose Equiv. of 10mg Diazepam (Oral) Class
Zaleplon (Sonata) 2 hours 20 mg Hypnotic
Zolpidem (Ambien) 2 hours 20 mg Hypnotic
Zopiclone (Imovane) 5 - 6 hours 15 mg Hypnotic
Eszopiclone (Lunesta) 6 hours 3 mg Hypnotic

Oral

Onset:

Alprazolam IR : 8-25 minutes

Alprazolam XR : 25-75 minutes

Diazepam : Rapid

Clonazapam: 1 hour

Peak Benefit:

Diazepam: 1.6 hours

Alprazolam IR : 90 minutes

Alprazolam XR : 25-75 minutes

Diazepam : 2-4 hours

Clonazapam: 1-4 hours

Half/Life and Duration

Triazolam: 2.5 Hours

Lorazepam:

Alprazolam IR : 11 hour half life - 5 hour duration

Alprazolam XR :11-16 hour hour half life, 11 hour duration

Diazepam : 20-100 hour half life - 6-8 hour duration

Clonazepam: 18-50 hour half life - 12+ hours

Dosages Depend on tolerance.

Potentiators:

-Grapefruit juice

Avoid:

-Excessive drinking (you will die)

Smoked

Duration: X hours

Onset: X minutes

Low dose: X mg

Medium (typical) dose: X mg

High dose: X mg

Insufflated

NOT RECOMMENDED

Duration: X hours

Onset: X minutes

Low dose: X mg

Medium (typical) dose: X mg

High dose: X mg

Injected

NOT RECOMMENDED

Duration: X hours

Onset: X minutes

Low dose: X mg

Medium (typical) dose: X mg

High dose: X mg

Effects

Positive

  • Stress Relief
  • Anxiety Relief
  • Social Anxiety
  • PTSD
  • Sedative
  • Worries drift away
  • That "sink into the couch" feeling

Neutral

Negative

  • High addiction potential
  • Killer withdrawals
  • Risk of blackout
  • Inability to drink
  • Inability to dirve
  • Loss of balance
  • Memory Loss
  • Procrastination

After effects

  • "Hangover"?
  • Afterglow
  • Long term effects
  • High addiction potential

Harm Reduction

  • Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery
  • Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance
  • Addiction potential - High
  • Risk of blackouts
  • Risk of death when mixed with alcohol
  • Mental illness?
  • Heart issues?
  • CNSCentral Nervous System depressant when mixed with other drugs

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Production

Images

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Legal

Europe

America

Asia

Top Contributors

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