Pregnancy Risks: Difference between revisions
(Added pregnancy category and information for methylphenidate as well as cited source from FDA) |
(Added summary of benzodiazepine risk during pregnancy as well as pregnancy category and risks for midazolam and cited two sources including and FDA source) |
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'''Benzodiazepines''' | '''Benzodiazepines''' | ||
''In general the FDA has found that benzodiazepines as a class increase the risk for congenital malformations for the fetus when taken by a pregnant mother and should only be taken when the benefits absolutely outweigh the risks'' | |||
Alprazolam (Xanax): ''Pregnancy category D'' according to the FDA. Potential to cause congenital defects with the fetus if used during pregnancy. | Alprazolam (Xanax): ''Pregnancy category D'' according to the FDA. Potential to cause congenital defects with the fetus if used during pregnancy. | ||
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Medazepam | Medazepam | ||
Midazolam (Versed): | Midazolam (Versed): ''Pregnancy category D'' according to the FDA. Studies show increased chance of congenital malformations | ||
https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/midazolam.html | |||
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dailys/01/Mar01/032101/cp00001_exhibit_02.pdf | |||
Nitrazepam | Nitrazepam | ||
Revision as of 00:05, 8 July 2016
Pregnancy categories for commonly used drugs or special risks
[Here place table to define the pregnancy categories]
[Everything needs to be re-ordered to be alphabetical when possible and possible made into a table]
For those who are pregnant or plan on becoming pregnant, abusing recreation drugs is extremely discouraged. Regardless however, some may decide to abuse drugs anyway and so here is some basic information on pregnancy risks and categories of commonly abused drugs
[Add disclaimer that we are non medical professionals here]
[Need to have both brand and generic names, and place in same order. preferrably Generic name: Brand names]
[For now place a source for any information added directly below the information (create a seperate line below the info for the source). Absolutely no information without a source will be acceptable and any information without a source will be deleted. All sources must come from reputable sites and preferrably be peer reviewed. For now simply link to the site page url you used until all citations can be made into the proper format later on]
Alcohol
Stimulants
Amphetamine sulfate (Adderall): Pregnancy category C according to the FDA. Evidence has shown usage during pregnancy can cause premature birth, low birthweight, and withdrawal syndrome in the baby. This occurs more often in abuse of adderall. Recommendation is to consult with a physician if you are pregnant.
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/011522s040lbl.pdf
https://www.drugs.com/adderall.html
Caffeine
Cocaine
Crack (is it freebase cocaine? look into this)
Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine): Pregnancy category C according to the FDA. Animal trials indicate teratogenic effects meaning that it affects the genes of the fetus causing congenital defects. One reported human case supports this theory
https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/dextroamphetamine.html
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/017078s042lbl.pdf
Evekeo
Focalin
MDMA
Methamphetamine
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta): Pregnancy category C according to the FDA. High doses administered to rabbits in animal studies resulted in fetuses having congenital malformations (spina bifida mainly which is an incomplete development of the spine).
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/010187s069,018029s040,021284s011lbl.pdf
Nicotine
Vyvanse
Opioids
Fentanyl
Heroin
Hydromorphone
Ketobemidone
Morphine
Norcos
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Vicodin
U4700 (spell check)
Benzodiazepines
In general the FDA has found that benzodiazepines as a class increase the risk for congenital malformations for the fetus when taken by a pregnant mother and should only be taken when the benefits absolutely outweigh the risks
Alprazolam (Xanax): Pregnancy category D according to the FDA. Potential to cause congenital defects with the fetus if used during pregnancy.
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/018276s044,021434s006lbl.pdf
Bromazepam
Brotizolam
Chlordazepoxide
Clobazam
Clonazepam
Clorazepate
Diazepam (Valium): Pregnancy category D according to the FDA. Potential to cause congenital defects proven through animal studies.
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/013263s083lbl.pdf
Diclazepam
Estazolam
Etizolam
Flubromazepam
Flubromazolam
Flunitrazepam
Flutoprazepam
Flurazepam
Halazepam
Ketazolam
Loprazolam
Lorazepam (Ativan): Pregnancy category D according to the FDA. Studies in animals show potential for congenital defects. Newborns upon delivery from mothers who used Ativan late into their trimesters were seen to have respiratory depression or stopped breathing completely.
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/017794s034s035lbl.pdf
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/018140s028lbl.pdf
Lormetazepam
Medazepam
Midazolam (Versed): Pregnancy category D according to the FDA. Studies show increased chance of congenital malformations
https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/midazolam.html
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dailys/01/Mar01/032101/cp00001_exhibit_02.pdf
Nitrazepam
Nordazepam
Oxazepam
Phenazepam
Prazepam
Pyrazolam
Quazepam
Temazopam
Triazolam
SSRIs
Citalopram
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertraline
SNRIs
SARIs
NDRIs
MAOIs
TCAs
TeCAs
NMDA antagonists
Other antidepressants
Deliriants
DPH
Datura
Scopolamine
Tobacco