Amphetamine: Difference between revisions
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[[File: | [[File:Spaste.png|thumb|200px|left|Dried speed paste]] | ||
Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant, producing mild euphoria and an abundance of energy. Amphetamines include both the specific chemical 'amphetamine' and the general class of chemicals which share structural similaries. Amphetamines generally cause strong physical and mental stimulation, keeping users awake and alert for many hours, and some amphetamines cause mood lift / euphoria. Because they increase wakefulness, various amphetamines have been used by the military, by pilots, truck drivers, and other workers to keep functioning past their normal limits. | |||
Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine properly refers to the racemic free base, or equal parts of the enantiomers levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms. Nonetheless, the term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers, or to either of them alone. | |||
Amphetamine is | |||
= Dosage = | == Dosage == | ||
Depending on purity, amphetamine | Depending on purity, amphetamine doses '''will''' vary. Branded amphetamine, like [[Adderall]], knows similar yet better documented and thus more predictable doses. | ||
{{#tdose: amphetamines}} | |||
== Duration == | |||
Some branded forms of amphetamine like [[Adderall]], generally purposed to be prescribed to treat ADD and ADHD, are extended release (XR), which increases the duration of a single administration. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Oral | |||
|- | |||
| Onset || 15-30 minutes | |||
|- | |||
| Total || 2-4 hours | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Insufflated | |||
|- | |||
| Onset || 1-5 minutes | |||
|- | |||
| Total || 1-3 hours | |||
|} | |||
== | == Effects == | ||
=== Positive === | |||
= | |||
== | |||
* Increased focus | * Increased focus | ||
| Line 53: | Line 41: | ||
* Increased motivation | * Increased motivation | ||
== Negative == | === Negative === | ||
* Racing thoughts | * Racing thoughts | ||
| Line 64: | Line 52: | ||
* Tachycardia (Elevated heart rate) | * Tachycardia (Elevated heart rate) | ||
* Hypertension (High blood pressure) | |||
* Peripheral vasoconstriction (Blood vessels get smaller in hands and feet making them susceptible to damage from cold) | |||
* Paranoia | * Paranoia | ||
* | * Irritability | ||
== After effects == | * Insomnia (inability to fall asleep) | ||
=== After effects === | |||
* Hangover | * Hangover | ||
| Line 79: | Line 73: | ||
* Persisting stimulation (5-15 hours after last dose.) | * Persisting stimulation (5-15 hours after last dose.) | ||
= Harm Reduction = | == Harm Reduction == | ||
* Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery | * Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery | ||
| Line 85: | Line 79: | ||
* Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance | * Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance | ||
== Detection Times == | *Stimulant drugs can cause kidney damage and stroke in users with high blood pressure. If you have been diagnosed or told you have high blood pressure use with caution | ||
See [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for general information. | |||
=== Detection Times === | |||
* Blood: 12 hours | * Blood: 12 hours | ||
| Line 95: | Line 93: | ||
* Urine: 1-4 days | * Urine: 1-4 days | ||
= Legal status = | == Images == | ||
<gallery mode="packed-hover"> | |||
Image:Spaste.png|''Drying amphetamine paste'' | |||
Image:Amphetamine.jpg|''Amphetamine with vial'' | |||
Image:Amphetamines.JPG|''~50mg of amphetamine'' | |||
Image:Adderall.jpg|''Several 10mg [[Adderall]] IR pills'' | |||
</gallery> | |||
== Legal status == | |||
* Canada: Schedule I | * Canada: Schedule I | ||
* | * UK: Class B | ||
* Thailand: Category 1 | * Thailand: Category 1 | ||
Latest revision as of 19:02, 12 December 2017
Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant, producing mild euphoria and an abundance of energy. Amphetamines include both the specific chemical 'amphetamine' and the general class of chemicals which share structural similaries. Amphetamines generally cause strong physical and mental stimulation, keeping users awake and alert for many hours, and some amphetamines cause mood lift / euphoria. Because they increase wakefulness, various amphetamines have been used by the military, by pilots, truck drivers, and other workers to keep functioning past their normal limits.
Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine properly refers to the racemic free base, or equal parts of the enantiomers levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms. Nonetheless, the term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers, or to either of them alone.
Dosage
Depending on purity, amphetamine doses will vary. Branded amphetamine, like Adderall, knows similar yet better documented and thus more predictable doses.
{{#tdose: amphetamines}}
Duration
Some branded forms of amphetamine like Adderall, generally purposed to be prescribed to treat ADD and ADHD, are extended release (XR), which increases the duration of a single administration.
| Onset | 15-30 minutes |
| Total | 2-4 hours |
| Onset | 1-5 minutes |
| Total | 1-3 hours |
Effects
Positive
- Increased focus
- Abundance of energy
- Increased motivation
Negative
- Racing thoughts
- Reduced appetite
- Flushing of the face
- Increased body temperature
- Tachycardia (Elevated heart rate)
- Hypertension (High blood pressure)
- Peripheral vasoconstriction (Blood vessels get smaller in hands and feet making them susceptible to damage from cold)
- Paranoia
- Irritability
- Insomnia (inability to fall asleep)
After effects
- Hangover
- Afterglow
- Restlessness
- Persisting stimulation (5-15 hours after last dose.)
Harm Reduction
- Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery
- Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance
- Stimulant drugs can cause kidney damage and stroke in users with high blood pressure. If you have been diagnosed or told you have high blood pressure use with caution
See Stimulant Harm Reduction for general information.
Detection Times
- Blood: 12 hours
- Hair: 90 days
- Saliva: 3 days
- Urine: 1-4 days
Images
-
Drying amphetamine paste
-
Amphetamine with vial
-
~50mg of amphetamine
-
Several 10mg Adderall IR pills
Legal status
- Canada: Schedule I
- UK: Class B
- Thailand: Category 1
- United States: Schedule II