Methylphenidate - Revision history

Xxspeedythrowaway69 at 23:47, 19 October 2017

2017-10-19T23:47:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:47, 19 October 2017
Line 11:		Line 11:
	It was researched as a treatment option for ADD during its initial inception as a medically accepted condition, and has been available on a prescription-basis for this purpose since.		It was researched as a treatment option for ADD during its initial inception as a medically accepted condition, and has been available on a prescription-basis for this purpose since.

	Today methylphenidate is available in instant release and extended release form and also as transdermal patch (Daytrana).		Today methylphenidate is available in instant release (Ritalin) and extended release (Concerta) form and also as transdermal patch (Daytrana).

	== Usage ==		== Usage ==

Sleep: Methylphenidate is not Focalin.

2016-10-18T01:57:44Z

Methylphenidate is not Focalin.

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:57, 17 October 2016
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Methylphenidate.png\|thumb\|300px\|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills]]		[[File:Methylphenidate.png\|thumb\|300px\|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills]]

	'''Methylphenidate''' (also known as Ritalin, Concerta~~, Focalin~~, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a [[stimulants\|stimulant]] which is commonly prescribed as treatment of AD(H)D outside of the USA, instead of [[Adderall\|Amphetamine]]s.		'''Methylphenidate''' (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a [[stimulants\|stimulant]] which is commonly prescribed as treatment of AD(H)D outside of the USA, instead of [[Adderall\|Amphetamine]]s.

	== History ==		== History ==

Medic: added dehydration

2016-07-07T05:20:20Z

added dehydration

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:20, 7 July 2016
Line 78:		Line 78:

	*Hypertension (High blood pressure)		*Hypertension (High blood pressure)

			*Dehydration

	* Paranoia		* Paranoia

Medic: Added hypertension to methylphenidate negative side effects

2016-07-07T05:19:20Z

Added hypertension to methylphenidate negative side effects

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:19, 7 July 2016
Line 76:		Line 76:

	* Tachycardia (increased heart rate)		* Tachycardia (increased heart rate)

			*Hypertension (High blood pressure)

	* Paranoia		* Paranoia

Reality: methylphenidate tdose

2016-05-07T16:35:40Z

methylphenidate tdose

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 == Dosage ==
-{| class="wikitable"
+{{#tdose: methylphenidate }}
 == Duration ==

GrimReaper at 15:47, 10 March 2015

2015-03-10T15:47:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:47, 10 March 2015
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Methylphenidate.png\|thumb\|300px\|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills]]		[[File:Methylphenidate.png\|thumb\|300px\|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills]]

	Methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a [[stimulants\|stimulant]] which is commonly prescribed as treatment of AD(H)D outside of the USA, instead of [[Adderall\|Amphetamine]]s.		'''Methylphenidate''' (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a [[stimulants\|stimulant]] which is commonly prescribed as treatment of AD(H)D outside of the USA, instead of [[Adderall\|Amphetamine]]s.

	= History =		== History ==

	Methylphenidate was first synthesised by the Ciba Pharmaceutical Company in 1944, and after human testing which began in 1954 it first became available in 1957 under the brand name 'Ritalin' - marketed as a treatment for several conditions including chronic fatigue, depression and narcolepsy.		Methylphenidate was first synthesised by the Ciba Pharmaceutical Company in 1944, and after human testing which began in 1954 it first became available in 1957 under the brand name 'Ritalin' - marketed as a treatment for several conditions including chronic fatigue, depression and narcolepsy.
Line 13:		Line 13:
	Today methylphenidate is available in instant release and extended release form and also as transdermal patch (Daytrana).		Today methylphenidate is available in instant release and extended release form and also as transdermal patch (Daytrana).

	= ~~Uses~~ =		== Usage ==

	As mentioned above, Methylphenidate is in wide use worldwide for the treatment of ADHD - along with [[Adderall]] it is one of the most commonly prescribed chemicals.		As mentioned above, Methylphenidate is in wide use worldwide for the treatment of ADHD - along with [[Adderall]] it is one of the most commonly prescribed chemicals.
Line 19:		Line 19:
	The drug is also widely used off-prescription, by users seeking euphoria or surplus energy and concentration. Similar to Adderall It is commonly used by students at exam-times or for other study, often sold at a premium by colleagues with prescriptions.		The drug is also widely used off-prescription, by users seeking euphoria or surplus energy and concentration. Similar to Adderall It is commonly used by students at exam-times or for other study, often sold at a premium by colleagues with prescriptions.

	= Dosage =		== Dosage ==

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
Line 75:		Line 75:
	\|}		\|}

	= Duration =		== Duration ==

	Note: Duration can be significantly longer with higher doses.		Note: Duration can be significantly longer with higher doses.
Line 103:		Line 103:
	\|}		\|}

	= Effects =		== Effects ==

	Note: The prevalence of negative effects increases with higher doses.		Note: The prevalence of negative effects increases with higher doses.

	== Positive ==		=== Positive ===

	* Increased alertness		* Increased alertness
Line 117:		Line 117:
	* Abundance of energy		* Abundance of energy

	== Neutral ==		=== Neutral ===

	* Reduced appetite		* Reduced appetite
Line 123:		Line 123:
	* Flushing of the face		* Flushing of the face

	== Negative ==		=== Negative ===

	* Increased body temperature		* Increased body temperature
Line 135:		Line 135:
	* Insomnia		* Insomnia

	= Harm Reduction =		== Harm Reduction ==

	* Abuse or binging on Methylphenidate can lead to heavy comedown effects which can, in extreme cases, result in psychosis. Get some sleep every night, and see [[Quick Guide To Stimulant Comedowns]] for more infromation.		* Abuse or binging on Methylphenidate can lead to heavy comedown effects which can, in extreme cases, result in psychosis. Get some sleep every night, and see [[Quick Guide To Stimulant Comedowns]] for more infromation.
Line 145:		Line 145:
	As with all stimulants, remain hydrated and stay healthy. See [[Stimulants#Harm Reduction\|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for more information.		As with all stimulants, remain hydrated and stay healthy. See [[Stimulants#Harm Reduction\|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for more information.

	==Interactions==		=== Interactions ===

	See the [[Drug combinations]] chart for more information.		See the [[Drug combinations]] chart for more information.

	= Chemistry and Pharmacology =		== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

	Methylphenidate primarily acts as a dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) and also as a sigma-1 receptor agonist.		Methylphenidate primarily acts as a dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) and also as a sigma-1 receptor agonist.
Line 159:		Line 159:
	Methylphenidate taken orally has a bioavailability of 11–52%. The half-life of methylphenidate is 2–3 hours, depending on the individual. The peak plasma time is achieved at about 2 hours.		Methylphenidate taken orally has a bioavailability of 11–52%. The half-life of methylphenidate is 2–3 hours, depending on the individual. The peak plasma time is achieved at about 2 hours.

	== LD50 ==		=== LD50 ===

	The LD50 of methylphenidate in rats is 190mg/kg. In humans it is estimated to be 250mg+ for a 75kg (130lb) person.		The LD50 of methylphenidate in rats is 190mg/kg. In humans it is estimated to be 250mg+ for a 75kg (130lb) person.

	= Legal status =		== Legal status ==

	* In Australia, methylphenidate is a 'Schedule 8' controlled substance. IT must be kept in a lockable safe before being handed out and is illegal to possess without a prescription.		* In Australia, methylphenidate is a 'Schedule 8' controlled substance. IT must be kept in a lockable safe before being handed out and is illegal to possess without a prescription.
Line 177:		Line 177:
	* In Sweden, methylphenidate is a List II controlled substance. Possession without a prescription is illegal.		* In Sweden, methylphenidate is a List II controlled substance. Possession without a prescription is illegal.

	= Links =		== Links ==

	* [https://www.erowid.org/pharms/methylphenidate/ Erowid Vault]		* [https://www.erowid.org/pharms/methylphenidate/ Erowid Vault]

Roi: Created page with "Blister packed Methylphenidate pills Methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a stim..."

2014-10-14T23:46:10Z

Created page with "thumb|300px|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills Methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a stim..."

New page

[[File:Methylphenidate.png|thumb|300px|Blister packed Methylphenidate pills]]

Methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Medikinet and Tranquilyn) is a [[stimulants|stimulant]] which is commonly prescribed as treatment of AD(H)D outside of the USA, instead of [[Adderall|Amphetamine]]s.

= History =

Methylphenidate was first synthesised by the Ciba Pharmaceutical Company in 1944, and after human testing which began in 1954 it first became available in 1957 under the brand name 'Ritalin' - marketed as a treatment for several conditions including chronic fatigue, depression and narcolepsy.

In the 1960s it was popularly used to reverse the effects of a barbiturate overdose, meanwhile also being sold in combination with other substances in 'health tonics' - the most notable of which being 'Ritonic.'

It was researched as a treatment option for ADD during its initial inception as a medically accepted condition, and has been available on a prescription-basis for this purpose since.

Today methylphenidate is available in instant release and extended release form and also as transdermal patch (Daytrana).

= Uses =

As mentioned above, Methylphenidate is in wide use worldwide for the treatment of ADHD - along with [[Adderall]] it is one of the most commonly prescribed chemicals.

The drug is also widely used off-prescription, by users seeking euphoria or surplus energy and concentration. Similar to Adderall It is commonly used by students at exam-times or for other study, often sold at a premium by colleagues with prescriptions.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Light || 20-40 mg

|-

| Common || 40-60 mg

|-

| Strong || 60-80 mg

|-

| Heavy || 80-100mg

|-

|Potentially Lethal || 200 mg+

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Insufflated

|-

| Light || 5-15 mg

|-

| Common || 15-40 mg

|-

| Strong || 40-60 mg

|-

| Heavy || 60-75+ mg

|-

| Potentially Lethal || 150 mg+

|-

|}

= Duration =

Note: Duration can be significantly longer with higher doses.

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

| Onset || 30-120 Minutes

|-

| Total || 4-6 hours

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Insufflated

| Onset || 5-15 Minutes

|-

| Total || 2-5 Hours

|}

= Effects =

Note: The prevalence of negative effects increases with higher doses.

== Positive ==

* Increased alertness

* Euphoria

* Increased motivation

* Abundance of energy

== Neutral ==

* Reduced appetite

* Flushing of the face

== Negative ==

* Increased body temperature

* Tachycardia (increased heart rate)

* Paranoia

* Racing thoughts

* Insomnia

= Harm Reduction =

* Abuse or binging on Methylphenidate can lead to heavy comedown effects which can, in extreme cases, result in psychosis. Get some sleep every night, and see [[Quick Guide To Stimulant Comedowns]] for more infromation.

* Methylphenidate has been shown to be habit-forming, take care with repeated use.

* Coingestion of [[alcohol]] (ethanol) also increases the blood plasma levels of d-methylphenidate by up to 40%.

As with all stimulants, remain hydrated and stay healthy. See [[Stimulants#Harm Reduction|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for more information.

==Interactions==

See the [[Drug combinations]] chart for more information.

= Chemistry and Pharmacology =

Methylphenidate primarily acts as a dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) and also as a sigma-1 receptor agonist.

Four isomers of methylphenidate are known to exist. One pair of threo isomers and one pair of erythro are distinguished, from which only d-threo-methylphenidate exhibits the pharmacologically usually desired effects.

The dextrorotary enantiomers are significantly more potent than the levorotary enantiomers, and some medications therefore only contain dexmethylphenidate (such as Focalin).

Methylphenidate taken orally has a bioavailability of 11–52%. The half-life of methylphenidate is 2–3 hours, depending on the individual. The peak plasma time is achieved at about 2 hours.

== LD50 ==

The LD50 of methylphenidate in rats is 190mg/kg. In humans it is estimated to be 250mg+ for a 75kg (130lb) person.

= Legal status =

* In Australia, methylphenidate is a 'Schedule 8' controlled substance. IT must be kept in a lockable safe before being handed out and is illegal to possess without a prescription.

* In Canada, methylphenidate is listed as schedule III under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act. It is illegal to possess without a prescription.

* In New Zealand, methylphenidate is a 'class B2 Controlled Substance'.

* In the United Kingdom, methylphenidate is a controlled 'Class B' Substance. Possession without a prescription is illegal.

* In the United States, methylphenidate is classified as a Schedule II Controlled Substance. Possession without a presciption is illegal.

* In Sweden, methylphenidate is a List II controlled substance. Possession without a prescription is illegal.

= Links =

* [https://www.erowid.org/pharms/methylphenidate/ Erowid Vault]

* [http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/ritalin.asp History of Methylphenidate]

[[Category:Stimulant]]

[[Category:Drugs]]