Cannabis - Revision history

Dread: Added dosage table taking data from factsheet API.

2016-09-10T21:34:41Z

Added dosage table taking data from factsheet API.

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 == Dosage ==
-{| class="wikitable"
+{{#tdose: cannabis }}
 == Duration ==

Dread: Taxonomy section removed as plagiarised from Wikipedia. Original work section on Cannabis history added.

2016-09-09T21:23:55Z

Taxonomy section removed as plagiarised from Wikipedia. Original work section on Cannabis history added.

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Dread at 22:18, 5 September 2016

2016-09-05T22:18:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:18, 5 September 2016
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	The primary psychoactive agent in cannabis is believed to be tetrahydrocannabinol, however the drug contains at least 65 other cannabinoids, and 485 compounds have been identified thus far in cannabis. The extent to which these compounds produce psychoactive effects is a matter of ongoing research.<ref>Ethan B Russo, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qH-2Lj9x7L4C&pg=PP28&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Potential"], ''Routledge'', 24 April 2002. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>		The primary psychoactive agent in cannabis is believed to be tetrahydrocannabinol, however the drug contains at least 65 other cannabinoids, and 485 compounds have been identified thus far in cannabis. The extent to which these compounds produce psychoactive effects is a matter of ongoing research.<ref>Ethan B Russo, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qH-2Lj9x7L4C&pg=PP28&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Potential"], ''Routledge'', 24 April 2002. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	Cannabis can be consumed in a variety of ways, such as smoking, vaporisation, consumption as part of foods and in extracts. <ref>Baggio et al., [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24119417 "Routes of administration of cannabis used for nonmedical purposes and associations with patterns of drug use.		Cannabis can be consumed in a variety of ways, such as smoking, vaporisation, consumption as part of foods and in extracts. <ref>Baggio et al., [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24119417 "Routes of administration of cannabis used for nonmedical purposes and associations with patterns of drug use."], ''J Adolesc Health'', February 2014. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>
	"], ''J Adolesc Health'', February 2014. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	Cannabis has been used throughout history as both a recreational drug, medicine and spiritual aid. 128 to 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65) in 2013, making it the most commonly used illicit drug on Earth.<ref>UNODC, [http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2015/WDR15_Drug_use_health_consequences.pdf "STATUS AND TREND ANALYSIS OF ILLICT (sic) DRUG MARKETS "], ''UNODC'', 2013. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>		Cannabis has been used throughout history as both a recreational drug, medicine and spiritual aid. 128 to 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65) in 2013, making it the most commonly used illicit drug on Earth.<ref>UNODC, [http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2015/WDR15_Drug_use_health_consequences.pdf "STATUS AND TREND ANALYSIS OF ILLICT (sic) DRUG MARKETS "], ''UNODC'', 2013. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

Dread: /* Research Chemicals */ Spelling of cannabinoid corrected

2016-09-05T22:16:01Z

Research Chemicals: Spelling of cannabinoid corrected

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:16, 5 September 2016
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	=== Research Chemicals ===		=== Research Chemicals ===

	~~Cannibanoid~~ research chemicals receive relatively frequent media coverage in cases of overdoses. This is generally because ~~cannibanoids~~ are often sold in blends without dosing information or sometimes even the active component - if you are looking to take ~~cannibanoids~~ in an informed manner, blends should be avoided unless accurate information is provided alongside it. When ~~cannibanoids~~ are bought in pure form, they are often active in the microgram range, and can be quite difficult to measure.		Cannabinoid research chemicals receive relatively frequent media coverage in cases of overdoses. This is generally because cannabinoids are often sold in blends without dosing information or sometimes even the active component - if you are looking to take cannabinoids in an informed manner, blends should be avoided unless accurate information is provided alongside it. When cannabinoids are bought in pure form, they are often active in the microgram range, and can be quite difficult to measure.

	Overdoses of ~~cannibanoids~~ are generally known to cause hallucinatory experiences, which in turn often cause panic attacks. Larger overdoses may also cause heart issues. Repetitive heavy dosing of certain ~~cannibanoids~~ are suspected to cause organ damage.		Overdoses of cannabinoids are generally known to cause hallucinatory experiences, which in turn often cause panic attacks. Larger overdoses may also cause heart issues. Repetitive heavy dosing of certain cannabinoids are suspected to cause organ damage.

	See [[Research Chemicals]] for more information.		See [[Research Chemicals]] for more information.

Dread: Gave the 'History' section the more accurate title of 'Etymology' (intend to add an actual history section soon), made more succinct and readable, added inline citation

2016-09-05T22:10:49Z

Gave the 'History' section the more accurate title of 'Etymology' (intend to add an actual history section soon), made more succinct and readable, added inline citation

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 5 September 2016
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	== ~~History~~ ==		== Etymology==
	The word ~~cannabis is~~ from Greek ~~κάνναβις (kánnabis) (see Latin cannabis)~~, ~~which~~ was ~~originally Scythian or Thracian~~. It ~~is related~~ to the ~~Persian kanab~~, ~~the English canvas~~ and ~~possibly even~~ to the ~~English~~ hemp (~~Old English hænep~~)~~. In Hebrew~~, ~~the word is קַנַּבּוֹס [qanːa~~'~~boːs]~~. ~~Old Akkadian qunnabtu, Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian qunnabu were used to refer to the plant meaning "a way to produce smoke~~."		The word 'Cannabis' appears to derive from the Greek 'kannabis', a loanword from Scythia or Thrace, where it was used to refer to the hemp plant. It has been in use in English to refer to 'common hemp', the variant of the plant used to create fibres, from 1798, and in reference to the psychoactive usage of the plant from 1848. It may have provided the origin for the words 'hemp' and 'canvas'.<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=cannabis "cannabis (n.)"], ''Etymonline''. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	=== Taxonomy ===		=== Taxonomy ===

Dread: Rewrote the entire summary as it contained too much technical information better suited to later sections, removed a lot of wikipedia copypasta, added inline citations etcetera

2016-09-05T22:00:58Z

Rewrote the entire summary as it contained too much technical information better suited to later sections, removed a lot of wikipedia copypasta, added inline citations etcetera

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 5 September 2016
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	[[File:Nug.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Cannabis bud, commonly referred to as a 'nug.']]		[[File:Nug.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Cannabis bud, commonly referred to as a 'nug.']]

	Cannabis, a ~~fast-growing~~ genus of ~~flowering~~ plants ~~that includes three putative species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. These three taxa are~~ indigenous to Central ~~Asia,~~ and South Asia. ~~It is~~ the ~~most widely used illegal psychoactive and has a long history of medicinal~~, ~~recreational~~, ~~and industrial use~~. The ~~fibrous stalks of the plant are used to produce clothing~~ and ~~rope~~. Cannabis ~~is an annual~~, ~~dioecious~~, ~~flowering herb~~. ~~The leaves are palmately compound~~ or ~~digitate, with serrate leaflets~~. ~~The first pair~~ of ~~leaves usually have a single leaflet~~, ~~the number gradually increasing up to~~ a ~~maximum~~ of ~~about thirteen leaflets per leaf (usually seven or nine), depending on variety~~ and ~~growing conditions. At the top~~ of ~~a flowering plant~~, ~~this number again diminishes to a single leaflet per leaf~~. ~~The lower leaf pairs usually occur in an opposite leaf arrangement and the upper leaf pairs in an alternate arrangement on the main stem of a mature plant~~.		Cannabis, commonly known in some regions as Marijuana, and by various colloquial names, refers to a genus of plants indigenous to Central and South Asia.<ref>Mahmoud A. ElSohly, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fxoJPVNKYUgC&pg=PA8&redir_esc=y&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false "Marijuana and the Cannabinoids"], ''Springer Science & Business Media'', 15 Nov 2007. Retrieved 5 September 2016.</ref> The genus is scientifically subdivided into three species, Ruderalis, Indica and Sativa<ref>Karl Hillig, [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226862901_Genetic_Evidence_for_Speciation_in_Cannabis_Cannabaceae "Genetic Evidence for Speciation in Cannabis (Cannabaceae)"], ''Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution'', January 2005. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>, however there is little scientific consensus on taxonomy and often little correlation between scientific classification and commercial descriptions of strains as 'Sativa' or 'Indica'. Commercial psychoactive strains of Cannabis are typically hybrids of Sativa, Indica and/or Ruderalis.<ref>[https://www.cannabisreports.com/news/2015/07/08/beyond-indica-and-sativa-a-greater-understanding-of-cannabis-genetics/ "Beyond Indica and Sativa: A Greater Understanding of Cannabis Genetics"], ''The Cannabis Reporter'', 8th July 2015. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	Cannabis ~~normally~~ has ~~imperfect flowers~~, ~~with staminate "male" and pistillate "female" flowers occurring on separate plants~~. ~~It is not unusual~~, ~~however~~, ~~for individual plants to bear both male~~ and ~~female flowers~~. ~~Although monoecious plants are often referred to as~~ "~~hermaphrodites,~~" ~~true hermaphrodites (which are less common~~) ~~bear staminate and pistillate structures on individual flowers~~, ~~whereas monoecious plants bear male~~ and ~~female flowers at different locations on~~ the ~~same plant~~. ~~Male flowers are normally borne on loose panicles~~, ~~and female flowers are borne on racemes~~. ~~"At a very early period~~ the ~~Chinese recognized the Cannabis plant as dioecious~~,~~" and the (ca~~. ~~3rd century BCE) Erya dictionary defined xi 枲~~ "~~male cannabis~~" ~~and fu 莩 (or ju 苴) "female~~ cannabis".		Whilst the Cannabis plant has various uses in production of fibres, it is most well known today for its psychoactive effects. Various desirable sensations are reported in individuals who have consumed cannabis, such as euphoria, relaxation, and sleepiness. Adverse effects include decreased short term memory, dryness of the oral cavity ("Cotton-mouth"), impaired motor skills and reddening of the eyes. Occasionally, cannabis can produce anxiety, panic, or paranoia. Rarely, cannabis has been implicated in the development of acute psychosis.<ref>MedlinePlus, [https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000952.htm "Marijuana intoxication"], ''U.S. National Library of Medicine''. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref> [http://drugs.tripsit.me/cannabis A full range of effects can be found on the Tripsit Factsheets.]

	~~All known strains~~ of Cannabis ~~are wind-pollinated~~ and ~~produce~~ "~~seeds" that are technically called achenes~~.~~Most strains~~ of ~~Cannabis are short day plants~~, with ~~the possible exception~~ of C. ~~sativa subsp~~. ~~sativa var~~. ~~spontanea~~ (~~= C~~. ~~ruderalis~~), ~~which is~~ commonly ~~described as~~ "~~auto~~-~~flowering~~" and ~~may be day-neutral~~.		The primary psychoactive agent in cannabis is believed to be tetrahydrocannabinol, however the drug contains at least 65 other cannabinoids, and 485 compounds have been identified thus far in cannabis. The extent to which these compounds produce psychoactive effects is a matter of ongoing research.<ref>Ethan B Russo, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qH-2Lj9x7L4C&pg=PP28&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Potential"], ''Routledge'', 24 April 2002. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

			Cannabis can be consumed in a variety of ways, such as smoking, vaporisation, consumption as part of foods and in extracts. <ref>Baggio et al., [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24119417 "Routes of administration of cannabis used for nonmedical purposes and associations with patterns of drug use.
			"], ''J Adolesc Health'', February 2014. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

			Cannabis has been used throughout history as both a recreational drug, medicine and spiritual aid. 128 to 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65) in 2013, making it the most commonly used illicit drug on Earth.<ref>UNODC, [http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2015/WDR15_Drug_use_health_consequences.pdf "STATUS AND TREND ANALYSIS OF ILLICT (sic) DRUG MARKETS "], ''UNODC'', 2013. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

			Despite this high usage, Cannabis remains prohibited to various extents throughout most jurisdictions.<ref>Erowid, [https://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_law.shtml "Cannabis Legal Status"], ''Erowid''. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref><ref>UNODC, [http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/WDR-2010.html "World Drug Report 2010"], ''UNODC'', 2010. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref> The extent to which laws prohibiting cannabis usage are enforced varies worldwide.

			In recent times there have been developments in the legal use of cannabis as a medication for various ailments. Canada, Belgium, Australia, the Netherlands, Spain, and 23 U.S. states have made medicinal cannabis usage legal. <ref> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_and_medical_status_of_cannabis "Legal and Medical Status of Cannabis"], ''Wikipedia''. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	Cannabis, like many organisms, is diploid, having a chromosome complement of 2n=20, although polyploid individuals have been artificially produced. The plant is believed to have originated in the mountainous regions northwest of the Himalayas. It is also known as hemp, although this term is often used to refer only to varieties of Cannabis cultivated for non-drug use. Cannabis plants produce a group of chemicals called cannabinoids, which produce mental and physical effects when consumed. Cannabinoids, terpenoids, and other compounds are secreted by glandular trichomes that occur most abundantly on the floral calyxes and bracts of female plants. As a drug it usually comes in the form of dried flower buds (marijuana), resin (hashish), or various extracts collectively known as hashish oil. In the early 20th century, it became illegal in most of the world to cultivate or possess Cannabis for drug purposes.


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	Cannabis has many reported medical uses and its active component is an approved drug in the US. The US government has, in the last 20 years, been forced to provide medical cannabis to 8 patients in the form of cannabis cigarettes although as a top level, federal policy has opposed any change in the status of cannabis to move it to a lower schedule. Over a dozen states now allow some provision for the medical use of cannabis, although only around 8 have effective protection (AK, CA, CO, HI, ME, NV, OR, WA).		Cannabis has many reported medical uses and its active component is an approved drug in the US. The US government has, in the last 20 years, been forced to provide medical cannabis to 8 patients in the form of cannabis cigarettes although as a top level, federal policy has opposed any change in the status of cannabis to move it to a lower schedule. Over a dozen states now allow some provision for the medical use of cannabis, although only around 8 have effective protection (AK, CA, CO, HI, ME, NV, OR, WA).

	== ~~Links~~ ==		==References==
	~~https:~~/~~/www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_info2.shtml~~		<references />

	~~https://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_info8.shtml~~

	~~https://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_law.shtml~~

	[[Category:Depressant]]		[[Category:Depressant]]
	[[Category:Drugs]]		[[Category:Drugs]]

GrimReaper at 10:13, 10 March 2015

2015-03-10T10:13:20Z

Show changes

Reality at 20:50, 23 December 2014

2014-12-23T20:50:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:50, 23 December 2014
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	* Use of cannabis, to the extent that it impairs health, personal development or achievement, is abuse and should be resisted by responsible cannabis users. Abuse means harm. Some cannabis use is harmful; most is not. That which is harmful should be discouraged; that which is not need not be.		* Use of cannabis, to the extent that it impairs health, personal development or achievement, is abuse and should be resisted by responsible cannabis users. Abuse means harm. Some cannabis use is harmful; most is not. That which is harmful should be discouraged; that which is not need not be.

			== Research Chemicals ==

			Cannibanoid research chemicals receive relatively frequent media coverage in cases of overdoses. This is generally because cannibanoids are often sold in blends without dosing information or sometimes even the active component - if you are looking to take cannibanoids in an informed manner, blends should be avoided unless accurate information is provided alongside it. When cannibanoids are bought in pure form, they are often active in the microgram range, and can be quite difficult to measure.

			Overdoses of cannibanoids are generally known to cause hallucinatory experiences, which in turn often cause panic attacks. Larger overdoses may also cause heart issues. Repetitive heavy dosing of certain cannibanoids are suspected to cause organ damage.

			See [[Research Chemicals]] for more information.

	= Legal status =		= Legal status =

Reality at 17:54, 14 October 2014

2014-10-14T17:54:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:54, 14 October 2014
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	[[File:~~Cannabis_leaf_sativa1~~.jpg\|~~350px~~\|~~right~~]]		[[File:Nug.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Cannabis bud, commonly referred to as a 'nug.']]

	Cannabis, a fast-growing genus of flowering plants that includes three putative species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. These three taxa are indigenous to Central Asia, and South Asia. It is the most widely used illegal psychoactive and has a long history of medicinal, recreational, and industrial use. The fibrous stalks of the plant are used to produce clothing and rope. Cannabis is an annual, dioecious, flowering herb. The leaves are palmately compound or digitate, with serrate leaflets. The first pair of leaves usually have a single leaflet, the number gradually increasing up to a maximum of about thirteen leaflets per leaf (usually seven or nine), depending on variety and growing conditions. At the top of a flowering plant, this number again diminishes to a single leaflet per leaf. The lower leaf pairs usually occur in an opposite leaf arrangement and the upper leaf pairs in an alternate arrangement on the main stem of a mature plant.		Cannabis, a fast-growing genus of flowering plants that includes three putative species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. These three taxa are indigenous to Central Asia, and South Asia. It is the most widely used illegal psychoactive and has a long history of medicinal, recreational, and industrial use. The fibrous stalks of the plant are used to produce clothing and rope. Cannabis is an annual, dioecious, flowering herb. The leaves are palmately compound or digitate, with serrate leaflets. The first pair of leaves usually have a single leaflet, the number gradually increasing up to a maximum of about thirteen leaflets per leaf (usually seven or nine), depending on variety and growing conditions. At the top of a flowering plant, this number again diminishes to a single leaflet per leaf. The lower leaf pairs usually occur in an opposite leaf arrangement and the upper leaf pairs in an alternate arrangement on the main stem of a mature plant.
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	=== Popular usage ===		=== Popular usage ===
			[[File:Groundc.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Cannabis is often ground up finely before use.]]
	The scientific debate regarding taxonomy has had little effect on the terminology in widespread use among cultivators and users of drug-type Cannabis. Cannabis aficionados recognize three distinct types based on such factors as morphology, native range, aroma, and subjective psychoactive characteristics. "Sativa" is the term used to describe the most widespread variety, which is usually tall, laxly branched, and found in warm lowland regions. "Indica" is used to designate shorter, bushier plants adapted to cooler climates and highland environments. "Ruderalis" is the term used to describe the short plants that grow wild in Europe and central Asia.		The scientific debate regarding taxonomy has had little effect on the terminology in widespread use among cultivators and users of drug-type Cannabis. Cannabis aficionados recognize three distinct types based on such factors as morphology, native range, aroma, and subjective psychoactive characteristics. "Sativa" is the term used to describe the most widespread variety, which is usually tall, laxly branched, and found in warm lowland regions. "Indica" is used to designate shorter, bushier plants adapted to cooler climates and highland environments. "Ruderalis" is the term used to describe the short plants that grow wild in Europe and central Asia.

GrimReaper: /* Dosage */

2014-08-16T20:01:30Z

Dosage

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 16 August 2014
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	\|+ Smoked		\|+ Smoked
	\|-		\|-
	\| ~~Low~~ \|\| 1/30g		\| Light \|\| 1/30g
	\|-		\|-
	\| ~~Medium~~ (typical) \|\| 2/30g		\| Common (typical) \|\| 2/30g
	\|-		\|-
	\| ~~High~~ \|\| 3/30g		\| Strong \|\| 3/30g
	\|}		\|}