Anomala - Revision history

Dread at 23:48, 5 September 2016

2016-09-05T23:48:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 5 September 2016
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	The dried root of the manioc species ''Manihot anomala'', known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a ''naijna'' (shaman), allowing communication with the spirits.<ref>Schmeda-Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>		The dried root of the manioc species ''Manihot anomala'', known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a ''naijna'' (shaman), allowing communication with the spirits.<ref name="Schmeda-Hirschmann">Schmeda-Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

	Not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works, however it is said that the shaman feels effects similar to drunkenness when sienejna is smoked. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts.<ref>Schmeda-~~Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)~~"~~], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.<~~/~~ref~~>		Not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works, however it is said that the shaman feels effects similar to drunkenness when sienejna is smoked. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts.<ref name="Schmeda-Hirschmann"/>
			Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect.<ref name="Schmeda-Hirschmann"/> Further study is required.
	Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect.<ref>Schmeda-~~Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z~~ "~~Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.<~~/~~ref~~> Further study is required.

	==References==		==References==

Dread: Reworded, reformatted, added citation to original 1993 study by Schmeda-Hirshmann.

2016-09-05T23:45:28Z

Reworded, reformatted, added citation to original 1993 study by Schmeda-Hirshmann.

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:45, 5 September 2016
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	The dried root of ~~this~~ manioc species, ~~which is~~ known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a shaman ~~(naijna~~) ~~so that he can communicate~~ with the spirits ~~(SchmedaHirschmann 1993~~, ~~108)~~. ~~But not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works~~. ~~It is said that the shaman feels as though he is drunk when he smokes sienejna. In this state, the spirits~~ of the ~~animals (especially those~~ of ~~iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in~~ the ~~shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts~~ (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 109)~~. Smoking experiments~~, ~~however~~, ~~have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect (Schmeda-Hirschmann~~ 1993~~, 111*)~~. ~~Chemical studies and other experiments are still needed~~.		The dried root of the manioc species ''Manihot anomala'', known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a ''naijna'' (shaman), allowing communication with the spirits.<ref>Schmeda-Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

			Not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works, however it is said that the shaman feels effects similar to drunkenness when sienejna is smoked. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts.<ref>Schmeda-Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref>

			Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect.<ref>Schmeda-Hirshmann, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037887419390025Z "Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay)"], ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'', June 1993. Retrieved 5th September 2016.</ref> Further study is required.

			==References==
			<references />

	[[Category:Ethnobotanical]]		[[Category:Ethnobotanical]]

Teknos at 04:15, 27 January 2015

2015-01-27T04:15:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:15, 26 January 2015
Line 1:		Line 1:
	The dried root of this manioc species, which is known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that he can communicate with the spirits (SchmedaHirschmann 1993, 108). But not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works. It is said that the shaman feels as though he is drunk when he smokes sienejna. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 109). Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 111*). Chemical studies and other experiments are still needed.		The dried root of this manioc species, which is known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that he can communicate with the spirits (SchmedaHirschmann 1993, 108). But not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works. It is said that the shaman feels as though he is drunk when he smokes sienejna. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 109). Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 111*). Chemical studies and other experiments are still needed.


	[[Category:Ethnobotanical]]		[[Category:Ethnobotanical]]

Teknos at 04:15, 27 January 2015

2015-01-27T04:15:08Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<div>The dried root of this manioc species, which is</div>
+ The dried root of this manioc species, which is known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that he can communicate with the spirits (SchmedaHirschmann 1993, 108*). But not all of the Ayoreo believe that this plant works. It is said that the shaman feels as though he is drunk when he smokes sienejna. In this state, the spirits of the animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small people so that they may let him know of their whereabouts (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 109*). Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic effect (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 111*). Chemical studies and other experiments are still needed.
-<div>known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of</div>
-<div>Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that he</div>
-<div>can communicate with the spirits (SchmedaHirschmann</div>
+[[Category:Ethnobotanical]]

Trees: Created page with "
The dried root of this manioc species, which is

known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of

Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that h..."

2013-02-05T01:40:19Z

Created page with "<div>The dried root of this manioc species, which is</div> <div>known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of</div> <div>Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that h..."

New page

<div>The dried root of this manioc species, which is</div>
<div>known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of</div>
<div>Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that he</div>
<div>can communicate with the spirits (SchmedaHirschmann</div>
<div>1993, 108*). But not all of the Ayoreo</div>
<div>believe that this plant works. It is said that the</div>
<div>shaman feels as though he is drunk when he</div>
<div>smokes sienejna. In this state, the spirits of the</div>
<div>animals (especially those of iguanas, poisonous</div>
<div>snakes, and birds) meet him in the shape of small</div>
<div>people so that they may let him know of their</div>
<div>whereabouts (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 109*).</div>
<div>Smoking experiments, however, have not revealed</div>
<div>any type of hallucinogenic or other psychotropic</div>
<div>effect (Schmeda-Hirschmann 1993, 111*). Chemical</div>
<div>studies and other experiments are still needed.</div>

Anomala - Revision history

Dread at 23:48, 5 September 2016

Dread: Reworded, reformatted, added citation to original 1993 study by Schmeda-Hirshmann.

Teknos at 04:15, 27 January 2015

Teknos at 04:15, 27 January 2015

Trees: Created page with "The dried root of this manioc species, which is known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that h..."

Trees: Created page with "
The dried root of this manioc species, which is

known as sienejna, is used by the Ayoreo Indians of

Paraguay to initiate a shaman (naijna) so that h..."