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DXM

2023-04-09T00:04:20Z

Trees: /* Dosage */ added warning about using enzyme inhibition to adjust the high of polistyrex

[[File:Romilarad.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Romilar 1968 Ad]]

'''Dextromethorphan''' (also known as 'DXM', 'DM' or 'robo') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough medicine) which, when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range, becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug with psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at doses needed for disassociation make for a drug which must be used with caution.

The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it. It should not be underestimated as a hallucinogenic, at higher dosages it mimics high doses of ketamine but with more psychedelic properties.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and consequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, while higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive social attention. At high doses it's common to have strong hallucinations, experiences of detachment, depersonalisation, and out-of-body experiences. These all-encompassing states can be startling and uncomfortable for some.

Its mechanisms of action are multiple, including action as a nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and a sigma-1 receptor agonist. DXM and it's major metabolite, dextrorphan, also acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist at high doses, which produces effects similar to, yet distinct from, the dissociative states caused by other dissociative anaesthetics such as [[Ketamine]] and [[PCP]].

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests, however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== History ==

The racemic parent compound racemorphan was first described in a Swiss and US patent application from Hoffmann-La Roche in 1946 and 1947, respectively; a patent was granted in 1950. A resolution of the two isomers of racemorphan with tartaric acid was published in 1952, and DXM was successfully tested in 1954 as part of US Navy and CIA-funded research on nonaddictive substitutes for codeine.

The FDA approved DXM in 1958 after research supported its legitimacy and effectiveness as a cough suppressant. After its approval, it was introduced as an OTC medication under the name Romilar, which was introduced as a replacement for codeine containing cough remedies in an effort to cut down on abuse. In early 1960s Beat poets Allen Ginsberg and Peter Orlovsky, musicians such as Daevid Allen Soft Machine, and alternative authors such as Jack Kerouac known to have used DXM in the form of Romilar. In 1973, Romilar was taken off the shelves after a burst in sales because of frequent misuse, and was replaced by cough syrup in an attempt to cut down on abuse. In 1975, the popularity and extensive abuse of DXM was recognized, and Romilar was removed from the OTC market. However, DXM was specifically excluded from the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) of 1970, therefore, it was still legal to produce and use.

A few years after its removal from OTC, companies began introducing refined DXM products (e.g., Robitussin, Vicks-44, Dextrotussion) that were designed to limit recreational use by creating an unpleasant taste if consumed in large quantities. Within a short time those same manufactures began to produce forms of DXM with "some appealing flavoring," which led at least one researcher to suggest that the cycle of recreational abuse may be repeated. In 1996, DXM HBr powder could be purchased in bulk from online retailers, allowing users to avoid consuming DXM in syrup preparations.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure powder form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

=== Pure/Extractions ===

The ideal source of DXM would be the purest. The safest way to use dxm is with pure powder (and at least 5-10ml propylene glycol to aid digestion) or an extraction. However, for most this form will prove impractical due to obtaining the pure powder.

Extractions from OTC sources requires time and a chemical procedure which most people are not equipped to do safely. If you are properly equipped, there is some detailed information on this page: https://erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_chemistry.shtml

===Gel Caps===

DXM Gelcaps such as Robitussin Gelcaps or other products containing only DXM encased in a gelcap are often the preferred source for DXM users. For most users, gelcaps which contain only DXM produce a more clear headed high in lower doses (slower digestion, see . Most users experience fewer side effects from gelcaps than from syrup, however some users report an upset stomach, indicating that some users may have a sensitivity to the edible plastics used to make the gelcaps.

Some brands such as '''Cordicin Cough and Cold''' (also known as '''CCC''') have a variety of products, most of which contain other active ingredients such as antihistamines or CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) and may have one or two products which contain only DXM.

'''WARNING''': Cordicin Cough & Cold is one of the most commonly used sources of DXM, and also one of the most dangerous. Nearly every single CCC product contains other active ingredients such as CPM, which can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms including seizures, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, weakness, loss of consciousness, severe dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, bleeding from the skin, mouth, eyes, rectum and vagina, and possibly death. CCC also is additionally harmful to your kidneys, liver and heart. Avoid it.

===Lozenges===

There are also sore-throat and cough medications containing DXM which exist in the form of a hard-candy like lozenge. These sometimes contain only DXM, however most brands of DXM lozenges also contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or benzocaine.

Always choose a product which only has Dextromethorphan in the active ingredients!

=== Syrup ===

Cough syrup is the most common source for DXM users. While there are many brand name and no-name syrups which only contain DXM as an active ingredient there are many active and "inactive" ingredients commonly found in cough syrups which can cause negative effects ranging in severity. See [[DXM#Adulteration|Adulteration]] for more information.

Some have reported the high produced from syrup is mostly sedating. You may feel sluggish when using it to get high on DXM, possibly as a result of other ingredients found in syrup however because of the even dispersion of DXM throughout the syrup it is said to produce a more 'solid' trip.

===Delsym===

Delsym is brand with many formulations which contain Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM which produces a longer lasting trip with weaker, more physical effects. It is somewhat more difficult to reach the third plateau using polistrex preparations, which may be preferable to beginners or users who would prefer these effects. Since it is an extended release dxm product, this means your enzyme is more able to keep up with the conversion of DXM to DXO, meaning more of a body high and less of the psychedelic DXM high. It is for this reason why it is difficult to reach 3rd plateau with polistrex. Generally, a 3rd plateau experience has a Higher percentage of DXM than DXO.

See Dosage information below

== Dosage ==

The dosage below refers to an "average" 180lbs / 80kg person taking DXM HBR. Before dosing it's important to note a few things:

* HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate.
**Dextromethorphan Polistrex, being extended release, means that your enzyme is more able to convert dxm into dxo. DXO being a more physical, less trippy drug, leads to this preparation of dxm feeling much less intense, and in many cases, very subtle. It is therefor recommended by some to predose with grapefruit juice to fully enjoy polistrex because it slows down the conversion of dxm to dxo, effectively making polistrex "more trippy" because of a higher amount of dxm that didn't get converted. It should be noted that inhibiting digestive enzymes with grapefruit juice is risky and can interact with several medications and drugs and not be taken lightly. For more information look up "CYP3A4 Inhibition drug interactions".

* '''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. For more accurate dosage information, see the following resources:

* For a graphical chart of the dosage ranges [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] is helpful.

* For an easy calculator that does the math for you, [http://dxm.tripsit.me this page] can be helpful.

'''Before dosing, be sure to read the Plateaus section to know which level you want to dose for.'''

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Plateau range dosage for a 80kg (180lb) person.

|-

| First || 122-200mg

|-

| Second || 200-600mg

|-

| Third || 600-1200mg

|-

| Fourth || 1200-1600mg

|-

| Risk of death || 2.2g+

|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral HBR

|-

| High of 6-8 hours || Afterglow effect of 8-16 hours after dose, depending on dose

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral Polistirex

|-

| High of 8-12 hours || Afterglow effect of 16-36 hours after dose, depending on dose

|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised because of potential risk of risk of sigma. For more information, see [[DXM#Plateau Sigma|Plateau Sigma]]

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guesstimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in. As the duration of the trip is extended with dose boosting or redosing, the dysphoric aspects of the experience increase, until eventually most people report feeling like the walking dead. Not to mention by extending the duration of the trip you are increasing the chance for adverse effects and brain damage.

=== Predosing ===

Grapefruit juice effects dxm due to interactions with cytochrome P450-2D6. Essentially, it inhibits the enzyme that converts dxm to dxo, making a higher DXM:DXO ratio, meaning a higher, more psychedelic high, and less of a body high. With 1st and 2nd plateau, it can make it much more "trippy" and less of a physical high.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2D6</ref>

In order to properly predose, drink around 16oz (500mL) of grapefruit juice 1-2 hours prior to the point where you dose the dxm itself.

== Effects ==

As previously stated, the effects of this drug vary wildly from plateau to plateau, this list is in general from ALL plateaus.

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift

* Increased giggling and laughing

* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)

* Creative dream-like experiences

* Increased tactile sensation

* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation

* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)

* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations

* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)

* Confusion, disorientation

* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations

* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"

* Dis-coordination, reduced agility

* Loss of appetite

* Involuntary flexing of muscles

* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others, (positive when sought)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting

* Dizziness

* Body itching

* Rash, red blotchy skin (similar to a niacin rush)

* Diarrhea

* Fever

* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)

=== After-Effects ===

The after-effects of DXM are referred to as the afterglow.

The afterglow is almost non-existent on the First Plateau.

For a Second Plateau dose, the afterglow can be quite pleasurable, although some feel depressed/hungover afterwards for up to 14-16 hours after the initial dose. Expect to feel lazy and fairly tired the next day, easily remediable with caffeine and/or nootropics.

For a Third Plateau dose, the afterglow may additionally add a headache, feel more like an alcohol hangover, and almost like a 1st plateau trip for most of the day after. The effects of this may last for up to 16-20 hours, with some people feeling the "brain-dead", tired and lazy effects up to 72 hours! The tired and "brain-dead" effects can be remedied with caffeine and/or nootropics.

For a Fourth Plateau dose, don't plan anything for the day after, because you will be very "out of it" for a good 24-32 hours after dosing, with some people feeling the sedation/"brain-dead"/lazy effects up to 72 hours!. Definitely plan a Fourth Plateau dose at least a good 2 days away from social events, work, school, ect. (IE, do it Friday night/Saturday Morning if you have to work Monday). Eating becomes a difficult task during a Fourth Plateau afterglow. The best things to eat during this period are soft foods like yogurt, mashed potatoes, soups, and nutritional milkshakes like SlimFast or ENU Total Nutrition Meal Replacement Shakes. This afterglow may be fairly painful like an alcohol hangover, but can be slightly remedied with Ibuprofen/Acetaminophen, a multivitamin and the aforementioned supplements/food, caffeine and/or nootropics. . You will also appear to be extremely high from an outward appearance. Expect to feel very tired, lethargic and "brain-dead" for up to 72 hours.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once and while strange to the observer is not painful to the user. You can still walk but detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you you start getting the effects of robo-walk, you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

It's similar to being overly aware that you are walking incorrectly and overcompensating because of it. Not much you can do about it except to minimize your walking by having everything ready before you start (food, water, triptoys, grapefruit juice, dxm in whatever preparation, ect).

== Plateaus ==

There are various 'stages' to DXM trips called ''plateaus''. Traditionally, there are only four plateaus that someone should try to aim for. All of them share general feelings of dissociation, but the strength and effects of these feelings are more pronounced in the later two plateaus.

The first two plateaus are commonly associated with a mix of being high on THC and drunk on alcohol. If you take a First Plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. At second, it becomes harder, but not impossible. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses and talking with others becomes a lot easier while under the influence of DXM. It would also be fun to chill in your room alone and do whatever you normally do for fun, but it's suggested to try something that will take up most of your attention but allow your mind to wander at the same time. Something like playing a casual video game, or drawing whatever comes to mind.

If you take a Third or Fourth plateau dose, it is recommend to trip alone or with a close friend, as it is not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your own mind. People who have never tried any hallucinogen other than marijuana and/or alcohol should start with a First Plateau dose, while people with mushrooms or [[LSD]] experience could start at a Second Plateau dose. '''It is not advised to start at the Third or Fourth plateau''' unless you have extensive experience with other dissociatives.

=== First Plateau ===

The First Plateau is the lightest in effect. It feels a bit 'off', and is often likened to something of a cross between the effects of [[MDA]] and Alcohol. First plateau is usually slightly stimulating. The First plateau has also been described as "basically like a hit or two of good weed and 2-3 beers with 10 minutes of a 'trip' about 2 hours in."

Effects commonly experienced at the first plateau level

* A shift in thinking perspective; things look and feel 'different'

* Increased tactile sensation

* Increased appreciation of music

* Feeling heavy, sensation of increased body weight

* Enhanced emotional response & sensitivity

* Some dizziness or vertigo

'''First Plateau dose: 1.5-2.5mg/kg.'''

=== Second Plateau ===

This plateau is a bit more intense. You may feel like you are stoned and movement may become difficult. The second plateau can be fun yet disorienting. Music sounds much deeper, clearer, almost like you are there at the concert. Walking/Moving your body becomes slightly difficult at this point. Some may experience some closed eye visuals at this point. You can socialize with ''close'' friends and you could say you're slightly drunk. A slight warning, DXM is almost like a truth serum and you may share embarrassing or "secret" things you wouldn't normally share. You may start to get a bit of disassociation, and the high starts to get somewhat intense in the second plateau.

'''Second Plateau dose: 2.5-7.5mg/kg.'''

'''Transitional'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the higher two plateaus are not really '''fun''' but ''introspective'' and ''enlightening''. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from a lighter, happier experience to a sometimes darker and definitely more introspective full blown trip. Enjoy the 2nd plateau as long as you can because it's more of a fun experience and one tends to enjoy second plateau less after visiting the third plateau. "Once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show" so they say.

Additionally, approximate at 7.5mg/kg there is an elusive "Eiffel Tower" dose where you may experience the effects of both the Second and Third plateaus in waves.

=== Third Plateau ===

Third Plateau is a full on dissociative experience. At this point it is no longer a social drug and should be done alone or with a tripsitter. The third plateau is considerably more sedating and movement becomes a bit harder. Closed eye visuals are more prominent at this level. You will lose track of time quit easily as it becomes meaningless quite quickly. Large amounts of dissociation happens at this level, and the internal thoughts can be quite interesting. To explain further, you may start to feel like you don't belong in your own body, or that your mind and body are two separate beings. Additionally, thoughts may be similar to "My body is only what everyone else sees but not really me, because I am just my mind, not my body."

There is a little bit of post-trip amnesia starting at 3rd Plateau. As stated previously, 3rd Plateau is quite intense. It's not the full comatose stage that the 4th Plateau is, but it can be pretty overwhelming nonetheless.

'''Third Plateau dose: 7.5-15 mg/kg.'''

=== Fourth Plateau ===

This is the deep meditative state. This is most akin to a "k-hole" that people experience after taking large amounts of ketamine. Few people enjoy going this far, as all one can really do (or really wants to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and experience a full blown dissociative trip. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them. DXM users have been known to have extremely vivid, controllable hallucinations and out of body experiences at this level. Full blown disassociation from everything and full on ego death is very common at this level. Other very common hallucinations at this level are people visiting aliens, meeting god (sometimes the two being the same entity) and becoming god.
One explanation of the fourth plateau "It's kind of like the top of your skull pops off and all the knowledge of the universe is poured into your head, but by the end of the trip it's all seeped out again and you are left with the realization that you really don't much of anything at all."
Another explanation is : "A total detachment from the body. The ego is pulled inside. Everything is very distant. Walking, talking, moving is not possible. Thinking is however. Left free to observe the self from a dark quiet immobility. A strange taste in the mouth. Like the numb of the dentist in every tissue. Loss of emotion, loss of anything earthly. "

It is quite difficult to recall these very powerful hallucinations as post-trip amnesia is very common.

'''Fourth Plateau dose: 15mg/kg-20mg/kg. Higher is possible, but not advised, because risk of death around 25mg/kg, but varies slightly from person to person'''

=== Plateau Sigma ===

There is another level that DXM can take you to, but it is not higher in dosage than 4th plateau, it is more of an extension of 2nd and 3rd plateaus. In order to get to this state, you must binge. For this reason '''WE HIGHLY RECOMMEND AGAINST IT!''' For example, a user has said "I took a 3rd plateau dose, then when it was starting to wear off, I took a 2nd plateau dose, when that was finally coming down, I took a 3rd plateau dose again, and when that came down, I did ANOTHER 2nd plateau dose. When that final dose hit, I was stuck in Plateau Sigma."

Many people refer to this level as "plateau sigma" because when you get to this state, your sigma receptors are hit on, and HARD. This completely changes the trip. This mind state is generally referred to as dysphoric, dark, confusing and "a hellish introspective nightmare". As one user put it "it's a dark and confusing dream-like state where everything you think you know is insanely hard to grasp while all of your wildest, most bizarre fantasies are merely common, boring every day events that feel as normal as waking up and drinking coffee."

As with 4th plateau, it's hard to describe as amnesia is quite common and information about this state is quite rare as it is. That being said, this state has VERY RARELY been reported as being pleasurable '''AT ALL'''. Most people describe it as dark and confusing, like a living nightmare.

For more information, the William White FAQ has a section on Plateau Sigma at [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_experience.shtml#toc.5.9 This Page]

== Harm Reduction ==

There is only three '''MAJOR''' rules about dxm use, and they are as follows :

*'''NEVER''' use any preparation of DXM that has '''ANY''' other active ingredients, as they can make you sick and/or dead. See [[DXM#Adulteration|Adulteration]]
*Keep in mind this general rule of thumb for DXM : 1 plateau/week.
**In other words, If you take a Third Plateau Dose, wait 3 weeks before using again. If you use a Second Plateau dose, wait 2 weeks before using again.
*Watch out what you are mixing DXM with, as mixing with certain drugs can cause serotonin syndrome, or Ataxia, see [[DXM#Interactions|Interactions]]

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Adulteration ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains '''''DXM''''' as the '''ONLY''' ''active'' ingredient

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Adulterant Table
|-
| Name
| Description
| Common Brands
| Danger
|-
| Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP
| a painkiller found in headache/flu medicine
| Tylenol, Vicks (NyQuil), TheraFlu, Triaminic
| APAP is Hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses. Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated. Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated, the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called ''cytochrome P450'' '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''
|-
| Guaifenesin
| Guaifenesin is an expectorant.
| Robitussin DM, Mucinex, Robefen
| Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users. Guaifenesin can also cause kidney stones with chronic use.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15673990/</ref>
|-
| Antihistamines
| Found in Allergy/Sleep/Nighttime medications
| Coricidin Cough and Cold, Zicam, Dimetapp, Chloraseptic
| When taken in high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines can also have a dangerous synergy with DXM which can lead to liver, kidney and heart complications.
|-
| PPA, pseudoephedrine, and phenyleprine
| Decongestant agents
| Sudafed, Vescadril, Curedex, Watkins, Hardex
| Vasoconstriction (constriction of blood vessels) and decreased nasal secretions , and ''with larger doses'' insomnia, hypertension, heart rhythm abnormalities, hemorrhaging, stroke, or death. Note that these are extreme reactions, and that individual tolerance to sympathomimetics tends to vary considerably. Tolerance can build quickly, and a fatal dose for one person may have only a mild effect on another person.
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Inactive Ingredients Adulterant Table
|-
| Name
| Description
| Common Brands
| Danger
|-
| Food Coloring/Dyes
| Dyes added for color
| Almost ALL brands except Zarbee's Naturals and Chestal Naturals
| Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions. Not necessarily dangerous unless you are allergic to certain dyes. Check out the ingredients list if you are.
|-
| Glucose, sucrose, fructose, invert sugar
| Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemicals used to make them taste sweet.
| Pretty much all brands except Prospan, Diabetic Tussin and Scot-Tussin
| These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions such as diabetes or hypoglycemia. If you have diabetes or hypoglycemia, make sure you get a diabetic brand, gel-caps, or even an extraction instead of syrup. In rare cases, excessive, chronic use of cough syrup '''HAS''' led to people getting diabetes.
|-
| Propylene glycol or Polyethylene glycol
| Thickening agents
| Pretty much all brands of syrup
| These are not toxic nor inherently dangerous but may cause an upset stomach when consumed in large doses.
|}

=== Interactions ===

DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

DXM has the potential to cause [[Wikipedia:Serotonin Syndrome|Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]] that act as SSRIs, MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]], [[MDA]], [[Mephedrone]], [[Tramadol]], 2-c-t-x drugs, [[MXE]], aMT, 5-HTP, ect.
Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, diarrhea, moodswings, seizures, coma and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.

* See [[Drug_Combinations|Drug combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

IUPAC:(4bS,8aR,9S)-3-Methoxy-11-methyl-6,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene.

Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotartory enantiomer of levomethophan, which is the methyl ether of levophanol, both opioid analgesics.

=== Pharmacodynamics ===

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Binding receptors

|-

| NMDA - 7253

|-

| SERT - 2015

|-

| NET - 110606

|-

| Sigma-1 - 23

|-

| Sigma-2 - 240

|}

=== Pharmacokinectics ===

Following oral dosing, DXM is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Where it enters the bloodstream, and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

At therapeutic doses, DXM acts centrally (brain) as opposed to locally (Respiratory tract). It's rapidly absorbed from the GI tract into the active metabolite Dextrophan (DXO) in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.

Around 10 percent of the Caucasian population has little or no CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to long-lived high drug levels. ALL Caucasians should take a small test dose (1st plateau or medical levels) to feel for this ahead of time.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">

Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''

Image:Dxm_gelcap.jpg

</gallery>

== Links ==
* [http://tripsit.me/the-dexterous-world-of-dxm/ The Dexterous World of DXM from TripSit]
* [http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml DXM FAQ]
* [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_timeline.php DXM timeline on Erowid]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dextromethorphan Wikipedia]
* [http://www.dextroverse.org Dextroverse]
== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]

[[Category:Drugs]]

Test Kits

2023-01-24T23:01:49Z

Trees: Added EU reagent vendor ProTestKit as suggested by user Standard

The vast majority of synthetic drugs are white powders. A reagent test kit is the only way you can safely attempt to verify the identity of a substance without expensive and complicated lab equipment. This article is an introduction to the various kinds of common test kits including a variety of worldwide sources. It should be noted that these test kits cannot measure the purity of a drug, only its presence. If you've got more than one drug in a powder, it's possible that a reagent test may show the presence of only one of the drugs.

A color change reference chart for the four main reagents can be found at [http://www.dancesafe.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/kit-instructions-back.jpg Dancesafe] ([http://i.imgur.com/0a9jBcd.jpg Imgur mirror]). Erowid.org also has a great [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mdma/mdma_faq_testing_kits.shtml Ecstasy Testing Kit FAQ.] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1975-01-01_1_page008.html Field and laboratory tests results for raw and prepared opium.]

'''Note''': Check out This [https://dancesafe.org/you-may-be-using-fentanyl-testing-strips-incorrectly article by DanceSafe about properly using Fentanyl Test Strips]! Many well intending people have been using fentanyl test strips incorrectly.
==Marquis Reagent==

Marquis' reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of formaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 5 mL of 40% formaldehyde.

===Canada===

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/mdma-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/marquis-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/marquis10pack-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [https://www.protestkit.eu/ ProTestKit]

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/marquis-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Mandelin Reagent==

The Mandelin reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of ammonium metavanadate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Its primary use is for the detection of ketamine and PMA. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.

====Canada====

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/ketamine-pma-mandelin-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/mandelin-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/mandelin10-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [https://www.protestkit.eu/ ProTestKit]

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/mandelin-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Mecke Reagent==

The Mecke reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of selenious acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95-98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of selenious acid.

====Canada====

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/mecke-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/mecke-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/mecke10-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [https://www.protestkit.eu/ ProTestKit]

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/mecke-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Ehrlich's Reagent==

The Ehrlich's reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids. It is prepared by dissolving 0.5-2.0 g of p–dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) in 50 mL of 95% ethanol and 50 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. It is best prepared fresh.

===Europe===

* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [https://www.protestkit.eu/ ProTestKit]

===Canada===

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/lsd-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]

===USA===
*[https://dancesafe.org/product/ehrlichs-reagent-testing-kit/ DanceSafe]

==Other==

===Australia===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke, Simon 4-in-1 [http://ecstasypilltest.com/product/basic-ecstasy-test-kit/ Ecstasy Pill Test] (Also shipped worldwide)

===Canada===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke 3-in-1: [http://testkitplus.ca/product/complete-screening-kit-marquis-mecke-mandelin/ TestKitPlus]
* Froehde, Simon's Reagent A & B, Ferric Chloride: [https://qktest.com/products-page/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztest.com/ eztestkits]
* UK [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Liebermann and Froehde - Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [https://www.protestkit.eu/ Cannabis, Hofmann, Froehde, Morris, Liebermann, Robadope, Simon’s and Zimmermann - ProTestKit]

===USA===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke, Simon 4-in-1: [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/coomplete-adulterant-screening-kit/ Dancesafe]
* Simon's reagent - [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/simons-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]
* [http://www.copquest.com/43-2100_nik-narcotic-test-kits.htm CopQuest NIK Narcotic Test Kits]

[[Category:Guides]]

Test Kits

2020-11-09T16:41:59Z

Trees: added link to DanceSafe article about proper Fentanyl Test Strip usage

The vast majority of synthetic drugs are white powders. A reagent test kit is the only way you can safely attempt to verify the identity of a substance without expensive and complicated lab equipment. This article is an introduction to the various kinds of common test kits including a variety of worldwide sources. It should be noted that these test kits cannot measure the purity of a drug, only its presence. If you've got more than one drug in a powder, it's possible that a reagent test may show the presence of only one of the drugs.

A color change reference chart for the four main reagents can be found at [http://www.dancesafe.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/kit-instructions-back.jpg Dancesafe] ([http://i.imgur.com/0a9jBcd.jpg Imgur mirror]). Erowid.org also has a great [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mdma/mdma_faq_testing_kits.shtml Ecstasy Testing Kit FAQ.] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1975-01-01_1_page008.html Field and laboratory tests results for raw and prepared opium.]

'''Note''': Check out This [https://dancesafe.org/you-may-be-using-fentanyl-testing-strips-incorrectly article by DanceSafe about properly using Fentanyl Test Strips]! Many well intending people have been using fentanyl test strips incorrectly.
==Marquis Reagent==

Marquis' reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of formaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 5 mL of 40% formaldehyde.

===Canada===

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/mdma-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/marquis-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/marquis10pack-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/marquis-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Mandelin Reagent==

The Mandelin reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of ammonium metavanadate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Its primary use is for the detection of ketamine and PMA. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.

====Canada====

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/ketamine-pma-mandelin-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/mandelin-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!
* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/mandelin10-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/mandelin-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Mecke Reagent==

The Mecke reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of selenious acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95-98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of selenious acid.

====Canada====

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/mecke-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]
* [https://qktest.com/products-page/product-category/mecke-reagent/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztestkits.com/en/ez-testing-kits/mecke10-ez-testing-kit eztestkits]
* [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!

===USA===

* [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/mecke-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]

==Ehrlich's Reagent==

The Ehrlich's reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids. It is prepared by dissolving 0.5-2.0 g of p–dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) in 50 mL of 95% ethanol and 50 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. It is best prepared fresh.

===Europe===

* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!

===Canada===

* [http://testkitplus.ca/product/lsd-test-kit/ TestKitPlus]

===USA===
*[https://dancesafe.org/product/ehrlichs-reagent-testing-kit/ DanceSafe]

==Other==

===Australia===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke, Simon 4-in-1 [http://ecstasypilltest.com/product/basic-ecstasy-test-kit/ Ecstasy Pill Test] (Also shipped worldwide)

===Canada===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke 3-in-1: [http://testkitplus.ca/product/complete-screening-kit-marquis-mecke-mandelin/ TestKitPlus]
* Froehde, Simon's Reagent A & B, Ferric Chloride: [https://qktest.com/products-page/ QKTest]

===Europe===

* [http://www.eztest.com/ eztestkits]
* UK [http://www.safetest4.co.uk/ SafeTest4]
* [http://www.reagent-tests.uk/ Liebermann and Froehde - Reagent Tests UK]
** Use 'tripsitwiki' for 10% off reagent test kits!

===USA===

* Marquis, Mandelin, Mecke, Simon 4-in-1: [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/coomplete-adulterant-screening-kit/ Dancesafe]
* Simon's reagent - [http://www.dancesafe.org/product/simons-reagent-testing-kit/ Dancesafe]
* [http://www.copquest.com/43-2100_nik-narcotic-test-kits.htm CopQuest NIK Narcotic Test Kits]

[[Category:Guides]]

Content Commands

2019-04-12T15:13:29Z

Trees: added setdrugcategory info (might need reformatting, my preview looked weird)

== Content Tripbot commands ==

'''Remember: If you are editing an entry for the factsheets follow the style of the other entries.'''

To change one of the factsheet entries you must use the following syntax:

<code>~setdrug <drugname> <property> <value></code>

For example:

<code>~setdrug cannabis dose 420 grams</code>

<code>~setdrug aMT duration long af</code>

Aliases can be added and removed with :

<code>~setdrugalias <drug> alias</code>

<code>~rmdrugalias <drug> alias</code>

Drug Categories must be set using a special command, and are to be added one at a time:
<code>~setdrugcategory ketamine tool</code>
Acceptable categories include: Tentative, Sedative, Stimulant, Benzodiazepine, Research Chemical, Dissociative, Psychedelic, Opioid
A special category exists for adding equivalences to diazepam to benzodiazepines for the benzo calculator:
Benzo calculator syntax example:

<code>~setdrug Prazepam Dose_to_Diazepam Prazepam - 15mg ~=10mg Diazepam</code>

===List of Properties===
*summary,
*detection,
*duration,
*onset
*after-effects
*aliases
*categories
*dose
*effects
*experiences
*marquis
*avoid
*dose_to_diazepam

DXM

2019-02-20T02:54:01Z

Trees: /* Extracted */

[[File:Romilarad.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Romilar 1968 Ad]]

'''Dextromethorphan''' (also known as 'DXM', 'DM' or 'robo') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough medicine) which, when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range, becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug with psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at doses needed for disassociation make for a drug which must be used with caution.

The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it. It should not be underestimated as a hallucinogenic, at higher dosages it mimics high doses of ketamine but with more psychedelic properties.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and consequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, while higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive social attention. At high doses it's common to have strong hallucinations, experiences of detachment, depersonalisation, and out-of-body experiences. These all-encompassing states can be startling and uncomfortable for some.

Its mechanisms of action are multiple, including action as a nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and a sigma-1 receptor agonist. DXM and it's major metabolite, dextrorphan, also acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist at high doses, which produces effects similar to, yet distinct from, the dissociative states caused by other dissociative anaesthetics such as [[Ketamine]] and [[PCP]].

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests, however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== History ==

The racemic parent compound racemorphan was first described in a Swiss and US patent application from Hoffmann-La Roche in 1946 and 1947, respectively; a patent was granted in 1950. A resolution of the two isomers of racemorphan with tartaric acid was published in 1952, and DXM was successfully tested in 1954 as part of US Navy and CIA-funded research on nonaddictive substitutes for codeine.

The FDA approved DXM in 1958 after research supported its legitimacy and effectiveness as a cough suppressant. After its approval, it was introduced as an OTC medication under the name Romilar, which was introduced as a replacement for codeine containing cough remedies in an effort to cut down on abuse. In early 1960s Beat poets Allen Ginsberg and Peter Orlovsky, musicians such as Daevid Allen Soft Machine, and alternative authors such as Jack Kerouac known to have used DXM in the form of Romilar. In 1973, Romilar was taken off the shelves after a burst in sales because of frequent misuse, and was replaced by cough syrup in an attempt to cut down on abuse. In 1975, the popularity and extensive abuse of DXM was recognized, and Romilar was removed from the OTC market. However, DXM was specifically excluded from the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) of 1970, therefore, it was still legal to produce and use.

A few years after its removal from OTC, companies began introducing refined DXM products (e.g., Robitussin, Vicks-44, Dextrotussion) that were designed to limit recreational use by creating an unpleasant taste if consumed in large quantities. Within a short time those same manufactures began to produce forms of DXM with "some appealing flavoring," which led at least one researcher to suggest that the cycle of recreational abuse may be repeated. In 1996, DXM HBr powder could be purchased in bulk from online retailers, allowing users to avoid consuming DXM in syrup preparations.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure powder form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

=== Extracted ===

The ideal source of DXM would be pure powder or an extraction, but that requires time and a chemical procedure which most people are not equipped to do. It's not a complicated process, however it does carry some risks. There is a technique known as the 'Agent Lemon extraction'.

===Gel Caps===

DXM Gelcaps such as Robitussin Gelcaps or other no-name-brand products containing only DXM encased in a gelcap are often the preferred source for DXM users. For most users, gelcaps which contain only DXM produce a more clear headed high in lower doses. Most users experience fewer side effects from gelcaps than from syrup, however some users report an upset stomach, indicating that some users may have a sensitivity to the edible plastics used to make the gelcaps.

Some brands such as '''Cordicin Cough and Cold''' (also known as '''CCC''') have a variety of products, most of which contain other active ingredients such as antihistamines or CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) and may have one or two products which contain only DXM.

'''WARNING''': Cordicin Cough & Cold is one of the most commonly used sources of DXM, and also one of the most dangerous. Nearly every single CCC product contains other active ingredients such as CPM, which can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms including seizures, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, weakness, loss of consciousness, severe dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, bleeding from the skin, mouth, eyes, rectum and vagina, and possibly death. CCC also is additionally harmful to your kidneys, liver and heart. Avoid it.

===Lozenges===

There are also sore-throat and cough medications containing DXM which exist in the form of a hard-candy like lozenge. These sometimes contain only DXM, however most brands of DXM lozenges also contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or benzocaine.

As always when using lozenges, choose a product which only has DXM in it.

=== Syrup ===

Cough syrup is the most common source for DXM users. While there are many brand name and no-name syrups which only contain DXM as an active ingredient there are many active and "inactive" ingredients commonly found in cough syrups which can cause negative effects ranging in severity. See [[DXM#Adulteration|Adulteration]] for more information.

Some have reported the high produced from syrup is mostly sedating. You may feel sluggish when using it to get high on DXM, possibly as a result of other ingredients found in syrup however because of the even dispersion of DXM throughout the syrup it is said to produce a more 'solid' trip.

===Delsym===

Delsym is brand with many formulations which contain Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM which produces a longer lasting trip with weaker, more physical effects. It is somewhat more difficult to reach the third plateau using polistrex preparations, which may be preferable to beginners or users who would prefer these effects. Since it is an extended release dxm product, this means your enzyme is more able to keep up with the conversion of DXM to DXO, meaning more of a body high and less of the psychedelic DXM high. It is for this reason why it is difficult to reach 3rd plateau with polistrex. Generally, a 3rd plateau experience has a Higher percentage of DXM than DXO.

See Dosage information below

== Dosage ==

The dosage below refers to an "average" 180lbs / 80kg person taking DXM HBR. Before dosing it's important to note a few things:

* HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate.
**Dextromethorphan Polistrex, being extended release, means that your enzyme is more able to convert dxm into dxo. DXO being a more physical, less trippy drug, leads to this preparation of dxm feeling much less intense, and in many cases, very subtle. It is recommended to predose with grapefruit juice to fully enjoy polistrex because it slows down the conversion of dxm to dxo, effectively making polistrex "more trippy" because of a higher amount of dxm that didn't get converted.

* '''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. For more accurate dosage information, see the following resources:

* For a graphical chart of the dosage ranges [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] is helpful.

* For an easy calculator that does the math for you, [http://dxm.tripsit.me this page] can be helpful.

'''Before dosing, be sure to read the Plateaus section to know which level you want to dose for.'''

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Plateau range dosage for a 80kg (180lb) person.

|-

| First || 122-200mg

|-

| Second || 200-600mg

|-

| Third || 600-1200mg

|-

| Fourth || 1200-1600mg

|-

| Risk of death || 2.2g+

|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral HBR

|-

| High of 6-8 hours || Afterglow effect of 8-16 hours after dose, depending on dose

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral Polistirex

|-

| High of 8-12 hours || Afterglow effect of 16-36 hours after dose, depending on dose

|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised because of potential risk of risk of sigma. For more information, see [[DXM#Plateau Sigma|Plateau Sigma]]

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guesstimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in. As the duration of the trip is extended with dose boosting or redosing, the dysphoric aspects of the experience increase, until eventually most people report feeling like the walking dead. Not to mention by extending the duration of the trip you are increasing the chance for adverse effects and brain damage.

=== Predosing ===

Grapefruit juice effects dxm due to interactions with cytochrome P450-2D6. Essentially, it inhibits the enzyme that converts dxm to dxo, making a higher DXM:DXO ratio, meaning a higher, more psychedelic high, and less of a body high. With 1st and 2nd plateau, it can make it much more "trippy" and less of a physical high.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2D6</ref>

In order to properly predose, drink around 16oz (500mL) of grapefruit juice 1-2 hours prior to the point where you dose the dxm itself.

== Effects ==

As previously stated, the effects of this drug vary wildly from plateau to plateau, this list is in general from ALL plateaus.

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift

* Increased giggling and laughing

* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)

* Creative dream-like experiences

* Increased tactile sensation

* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation

* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)

* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations

* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)

* Confusion, disorientation

* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations

* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"

* Dis-coordination, reduced agility

* Loss of appetite

* Involuntary flexing of muscles

* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others, (positive when sought)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting

* Dizziness

* Body itching

* Rash, red blotchy skin (similar to a niacin rush)

* Diarrhea

* Fever

* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)

=== After-Effects ===

The after-effects of DXM are referred to as the afterglow.

The afterglow is almost non-existent on the First Plateau.

For a Second Plateau dose, the afterglow can be quite pleasurable, although some feel depressed/hungover afterwards for up to 14-16 hours after the initial dose. Expect to feel lazy and fairly tired the next day, easily remediable with caffeine and/or nootropics.

For a Third Plateau dose, the afterglow may additionally add a headache, feel more like an alcohol hangover, and almost like a 1st plateau trip for most of the day after. The effects of this may last for up to 16-20 hours, with some people feeling the "brain-dead", tired and lazy effects up to 72 hours! The tired and "brain-dead" effects can be remedied with caffeine and/or nootropics.

For a Fourth Plateau dose, don't plan anything for the day after, because you will be very "out of it" for a good 24-32 hours after dosing, with some people feeling the sedation/"brain-dead"/lazy effects up to 72 hours!. Definitely plan a Fourth Plateau dose at least a good 2 days away from social events, work, school, ect. (IE, do it Friday night/Saturday Morning if you have to work Monday). Eating becomes a difficult task during a Fourth Plateau afterglow. The best things to eat during this period are soft foods like yogurt, mashed potatoes, soups, and nutritional milkshakes like SlimFast or ENU Total Nutrition Meal Replacement Shakes. This afterglow may be fairly painful like an alcohol hangover, but can be slightly remedied with Ibuprofen/Acetaminophen, a multivitamin and the aforementioned supplements/food, caffeine and/or nootropics. . You will also appear to be extremely high from an outward appearance. Expect to feel very tired, lethargic and "brain-dead" for up to 72 hours.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once and while strange to the observer is not painful to the user. You can still walk but detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you you start getting the effects of robo-walk, you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

It's similar to being overly aware that you are walking incorrectly and overcompensating because of it. Not much you can do about it except to minimize your walking by having everything ready before you start (food, water, triptoys, grapefruit juice, dxm in whatever preparation, ect).

== Plateaus ==

There are various 'stages' to DXM trips called ''plateaus''. Traditionally, there are only four plateaus that someone should try to aim for. All of them share general feelings of dissociation, but the strength and effects of these feelings are more pronounced in the later two plateaus.

The first two plateaus are commonly associated with a mix of being high on THC and drunk on alcohol. If you take a First Plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. At second, it becomes harder, but not impossible. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses and talking with others becomes a lot easier while under the influence of DXM. It would also be fun to chill in your room alone and do whatever you normally do for fun, but it's suggested to try something that will take up most of your attention but allow your mind to wander at the same time. Something like playing a casual video game, or drawing whatever comes to mind.

If you take a Third or Fourth plateau dose, it is recommend to trip alone or with a close friend, as it is not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your own mind. People who have never tried any hallucinogen other than marijuana and/or alcohol should start with a First Plateau dose, while people with mushrooms or [[LSD]] experience could start at a Second Plateau dose. '''It is not advised to start at the Third or Fourth plateau''' unless you have extensive experience with other dissociatives.

=== First Plateau ===

The First Plateau is the lightest in effect. It feels a bit 'off', and is often likened to something of a cross between the effects of [[MDA]] and Alcohol. First plateau is usually slightly stimulating. The First plateau has also been described as "basically like a hit or two of good weed and 2-3 beers with 10 minutes of a 'trip' about 2 hours in."

Effects commonly experienced at the first plateau level

* A shift in thinking perspective; things look and feel 'different'

* Increased tactile sensation

* Increased appreciation of music

* Feeling heavy, sensation of increased body weight

* Enhanced emotional response & sensitivity

* Some dizziness or vertigo

'''First Plateau dose: 1.5-2.5mg/kg.'''

=== Second Plateau ===

This plateau is a bit more intense. You may feel like you are stoned and movement may become difficult. The second plateau can be fun yet disorienting. Music sounds much deeper, clearer, almost like you are there at the concert. Walking/Moving your body becomes slightly difficult at this point. Some may experience some closed eye visuals at this point. You can socialize with ''close'' friends and you could say you're slightly drunk. A slight warning, DXM is almost like a truth serum and you may share embarrassing or "secret" things you wouldn't normally share. You may start to get a bit of disassociation, and the high starts to get somewhat intense in the second plateau.

'''Second Plateau dose: 2.5-7.5mg/kg.'''

'''Transitional'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the higher two plateaus are not really '''fun''' but ''introspective'' and ''enlightening''. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from a lighter, happier experience to a sometimes darker and definitely more introspective full blown trip. Enjoy the 2nd plateau as long as you can because it's more of a fun experience and one tends to enjoy second plateau less after visiting the third plateau. "Once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show" so they say.

Additionally, exactly at 7.5mg/kg there is an elusive "Eiffel Tower" dose where you may experience the effects of both the Second and Third plateaus simultaneously.

=== Third Plateau ===

Third Plateau is a full on dissociative experience. You cannot ignore the feeling inside of you and at this point its no longer a social drug and should be done by yourself or with a sitter. The third plateau isn't 'party-mode' or even 'socialize-mode'. Its more like 'alone-and-tripping-mode'. Closed eye visuals are more prominent at this level. You will lose track of time quit easily as it becomes meaningless quite quickly. Large amounts of dissociation happens at this level, and the internal thoughts can be quite interesting. To explain further, you may start to feel like you don't belong in your own body, or that your mind and body are two separate beings. Additionally, thoughts may be similar to "My body is only what everyone else sees but not really me, because I am just my mind, not my body."

'''Third Plateau dose: 7.5-15 mg/kg.'''

=== Fourth Plateau ===

This is the deep meditative state. This is most akin to a "k-hole" that people experience after taking large amounts of ketamine. Few people enjoy going this far, as all one can really do (or really wants to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and experience a full blown dissociative trip. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them. DXM users have been known to have extremely vivid, controllable hallucinations and out of body experiences at this level. Full blown disassociation from everything and full on ego death is very common at this level. Other very common hallucinations at this level are people visiting aliens, meeting god (sometimes the two being the same entity) and becoming god.
One explanation of the fourth plateau "It's kind of like the top of your skull pops off and all the knowledge of the universe is poured into your head, but by the end of the trip it's all seeped out again and you are left with the realization that you really don't much of anything at all."
Another explanation is : "A total detachment from the body. The ego is pulled inside. Everything is very distant. Walking, talking, moving is not possible. Thinking is however. Left free to observe the self from a dark quiet immobility. A strange taste in the mouth. Like the numb of the dentist in every tissue. Loss of emotion, loss of anything earthly. "

It is quite difficult to recall these very powerful hallucinations as post-trip amnesia is very common.

'''Fourth Plateau dose: 15mg/kg-20mg/kg. Higher is possible, but not advised, because risk of death around 25mg/kg, but varies slightly from person to person'''

=== Plateau Sigma ===

There is another level that DXM can take you to, but it is not higher in dosage than 4th plateau, it is more of an extension of 2nd and 3rd plateaus. In order to get to this state, you must binge. For this reason '''WE HIGHLY RECOMMEND AGAINST IT!''' For example, a user has said "I took a 3rd plateau dose, then when it was starting to wear off, I took a 2nd plateau dose, when that was finally coming down, I took a 3rd plateau dose again, and when that came down, I did ANOTHER 2nd plateau dose. When that final dose hit, I was stuck in Plateau Sigma."

Many people refer to this level as "plateau sigma" because when you get to this state, your sigma receptors are hit on, and HARD. This completely changes the trip. This mind state is generally referred to as dysphoric, dark, confusing and "a hellish introspective nightmare". As one user put it "it's a dark and confusing dream-like state where everything you think you know is insanely hard to grasp while all of your wildest, most bizarre fantasies are merely common, boring every day events that feel as normal as waking up and drinking coffee."

As with 4th plateau, it's hard to describe as amnesia is quite common and information about this state is quite rare as it is. That being said, this state has VERY RARELY been reported as being pleasurable '''AT ALL'''. Most people describe it as dark and confusing, like a living nightmare.

For more information, the William White FAQ has a section on Plateau Sigma at [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_experience.shtml#toc.5.9 This Page]

== Harm Reduction ==

There is only three '''MAJOR''' rules about dxm use, and they are as follows :

*'''NEVER''' use any preparation of DXM that has '''ANY''' other active ingredients, as they can make you sick and/or dead. See [[DXM#Adulteration|Adulteration]]
*Keep in mind this general rule of thumb for DXM : 1 plateau/week.
**In other words, If you take a Third Plateau Dose, wait 3 weeks before using again. If you use a Second Plateau dose, wait 2 weeks before using again.
*Watch out what you are mixing DXM with, as mixing with certain drugs can cause serotonin syndrome, or Ataxia, see [[DXM#Interactions|Interactions]]

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Adulteration ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains '''''DXM''''' as the '''ONLY''' ''active'' ingredient

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Adulterant Table
|-
| Name
| Description
| Common Brands
| Danger
|-
| Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP
| a painkiller found in headache/flu medicine
| Tylenol, Vicks (NyQuil), TheraFlu, Triaminic
| is hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses. Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called ''cytochrome P450'' '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''
|-
| Guaifenesin
| Guaifenesin is an expectorant.
| Robitussin DM, Mucinex, Robefen
| Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users.
|-
| Antihistamines
| Found in Allergy/Sleep/Nighttime medications
| Coricidin Cough and Cold, Zicam, Dimetapp, Chloraseptic
| When taken in high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines can also have a dangerous synergy with DXM
|-
| PPA, pseudoephedrine, and phenyleprine
| Decongestant agents
| Sudafed, Vescadril, Curedex, Watkins, Hardex
| Vasoconstriction (constriction of blood vessels) and decreased nasal secretions , and ''with larger doses'' insomnia, hypertension, heart rhythm abnormalities, hemorrhaging, stroke, or death. Note that these are extreme reactions, and that individual tolerance to sympathomimetics tends to vary considerably. Tolerance can build quickly, and a fatal dose for one person may have only a mild effect on another person.
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Inactive Ingredients Adulterant Table
|-
| Name
| Description
| Common Brands
| Danger
|-
| Food Coloring/Dyes
| Dyes added for color
| Almost ALL brands except Zarbee's Naturals and Chestal Naturals
| Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions. Not necessarily dangerous unless you are allergic to certain dyes. Check out the ingredients list if you are.
|-
| Glucose, sucrose, fructose, invert sugar
| Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemicals used to make them taste sweet.
| Pretty much all brands except Prospan, Diabetic Tussin and Scot-Tussin
| These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions such as diabetes or hypoglycemia. If you have diabetes or hypoglycemia, make sure you get a diabetic brand, gel-caps, or even an extraction instead of syrup. In rare cases, excessive, chronic use of cough syrup '''HAS''' led to people getting diabetes.
|-
| Propylene glycol or Polyethylene glycol
| Thickening agents
| Pretty much all brands of syrup
| These are not toxic nor inherently dangerous but may cause an upset stomach when consumed in large doses.
|}

=== Interactions ===

DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

DXM has the potential to cause [[Wikipedia:Serotonin Syndrome|Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]] that act as SSRIs, MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]], [[MDA]], [[Mephedrone]], [[Tramadol]], 2-c-t-x drugs, [[MXE]], aMT, 5-HTP, ect.
Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, diarrhea, moodswings, seizures, coma and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.

* See [[Drug_Combinations|Drug combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

IUPAC:(4bS,8aR,9S)-3-Methoxy-11-methyl-6,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene.

Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotartory enantiomer of levomethophan, which is the methyl ether of levophanol, both opioid analgesics.

=== Pharmacodynamics ===

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Binding receptors

|-

| NMDA - 7253

|-

| SERT - 2015

|-

| NET - 110606

|-

| Sigma-1 - 23

|-

| Sigma-2 - 240

|}

=== Pharmacokinectics ===

Following oral dosing, DXM is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Where it enters the bloodstream, and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

At therapeutic doses, DXM acts centrally (brain) as opposed to locally (Respiratory tract). It's rapidly absorbed from the GI tract into the active metabolite Dextrophan (DXO) in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.

Around 10 percent of the Caucasian population has little or no CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to long-lived high drug levels. ALL Caucasians should take a small test dose (1st plateau or medical levels) to feel for this ahead of time.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">

Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''

Image:Dxm_gelcap.jpg

</gallery>

== Links ==
* [http://tripsit.me/the-dexterous-world-of-dxm/ The Dexterous World of DXM from TripSit]
* [http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml DXM FAQ]
* [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_timeline.php DXM timeline on Erowid]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dextromethorphan Wikipedia]
* [http://www.dextroverse.org Dextroverse]
== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]

[[Category:Drugs]]

List of staff and their roles

2019-01-14T15:38:30Z

Trees: /* Channel Guardian */

If your name is on this list, feel free to add to your duties, responsibilities, and how you are contributing to the network or would like to contribute to the network!

If you wish to become part of the TripSit staff, please fill out an [[application]] and send it to a staff member (~staff application).

== Staff List ==

=== Administrators ===
* reality
* Teknos

=== Sysops ===
* Physical
* toasterlizard

=== Operators ===
* hibs
* Saga

=== Moderators ===
* Crystal
* Scritch
* SoundSpire
* Trees

=== Channel Guardian ===
* HaDeZz
* monkeyz
* TKettle

=== Tripsitters ===
* boy
* Dr1ftEE
* Dread
* dub
* Fade
* happycamper
* icedtea4life
* Itchy_Robot
* King_of_Ireland
* LiVeen
* LucidityStill
* PhilosophicalDuck
* Picklerat
* Racemic_Scientist
* Sykonaut
* TinFoil
* UKsteve
* uncarbonated
* wtf_igo
* Xibeca
* yondalar
* yorii
* zessy

===Contributors===
* cyrilio
* Dread
* Sp00ky
* Xibeca

=== Bots ===
* thanatos - The IRC bot that loves to beep and go through logs!
* tripbot - The IRC bot you've come to know and love
* circuit - Runs the circuits

=== VIP's and Special Exceptions ===
* Borax - Mod of [http://www.reddit.com/r/drugs /r/drugs] and drug knowledge consultant
* Bryce - Our [http://www.maps.org MAPS] partner
* Klafka - Our [http://dancesafe.org DanceSafe] partner

== Organisational Structure ==

Aside from primary staff positions, we organise ourselves based on a tree.

=== Concepts ===

====Trunk====
*Base of the team, responsible for making sure everything is running okay.
*reality, Teknos

====Branches====
*"Projects" or "teams" that work on their own objectives.
*Branch leaders report to admins on the status of projects and direct their team (leaves) on how to proceed.

====Leaves====
*Staff who work on projects with their branch leaders.

=== Branches and their Point of Contacts ===

====tripbot Branch====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Enhancing tripbot's code to better serve TripSit.
*Resources: [http://github.com/reality/dbot dbot], [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands commands], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/ web interface].

====TripSit App Branch====
*Branch Leader: hibs
*Description: Developing and maintaining the [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.tripsit.tripmobile TripSit app].
*Resources: #content

====Radio Branch====
*Branch Leader: Physical
*Description: Run the music community on TripSit. Manage TripSit.FM.
*Resources: [http://radio.tripsit.me TripSit Radio], #music.

====Steam Branch====
*Branch Leader: Teknos
*Description: Steam Game Group.
*Resources: [http://steamcommunity.com/groups/tripsit Steam Group], #gaming.

====TripSit Department of Psychonautical Informatics====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Continuing to update our Wiki and other resources to include useful harm reduction information for the world.
*Resources: [http://wiki.tripsit.me Wiki], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/factsheet Factsheets].

====Department of Psychonautics====
*Branch leader: Teknos
*Description: Getting attention to our network from the Psychonaut community.
*Resources: #psychonaut.

[[Category:TripSit]]

Methoxetamine

2018-11-07T15:12:39Z

Trees: removed pseudoscientic nonsense, added cardiotoxicity bit

[[File:Mxe.jpg|200px|left]]
'''Methoxetamine''' (MXE, 3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE) is a near chemical analogue of [[Ketamine]] and [[PCP]]. It was first publicly reported in 2010. Some say it's similar to Ketamine or high doses of DXM. Methoxetamine differs from many dissociatives such as ketamine and phencyclidine that were developed as pharmaceuticals in that it was designed specifically for grey market distribution, making it a rare instance of a true designer drug. It has been shown to act as an NMDA receptor antagonist and unlike ketamine also acts as Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI). The N-Ethyl group on this compound increases potency.

== Dosage ==

{{#tdose: mxe }}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 30-60 minutes
|-
| Total || 3-6 hours
|-
| After-effects || 2-48 hours (dose-dependent)
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflated
|-
| Onset || 5-40 minutes
|-
| Total || 3-6 hours
|-
| After-effects || 2-48 hours (dose-dependent)
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Sublingual
|-
| Onset || 15-45 minutes
|-
| Total || 3-6 hours
|-
| After-effects || 2-48 hours (dose-dependent)
|}

== Effects ==

=== Positive ===
* Euphoria, mood lift
* Sense of calm and serenity
* Vivid recall of past memories and dreams
* Closed- and open-eye visuals (common)
* Out-of-body experience (less intense then ketamine)

=== Neutral ===
* Distortion or loss of sensory perceptions (common)
* Dissociation of mind from body
* Sweating
* Analgesia, numbness
* Significant change in perception of time
* Increase in heart rate
* Confusion, disorientation

=== Negative ===
* Risk of psychological dependency
* Nasal discomfort upon insufflation
* Blacking out and forgetting one has taken a drug
* Discomfort, pain or numbness at injection site (with IM)
* Severe confusion, disorganised thinking
* Vertigo, spinning sensation (risk of injury)
* Nausea, vomiting
* Susceptibility to accidents (from uncoordination and change in perception of body and time)
* Severe dissociation, depersonalisation
* Loss of consciousness
* Depression of heart rate and respiration (risk increases with increased dose or when combined with depressants)
* Entity contact

== Harm Reduction ==

A recent [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30377924 study] on rats indicates that MXE may have harmful effects on the cardiovascular system, and therefor should probably be avoided by anyone with any history of cardiovascular issues.

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Interactions ===
MXE is extremely dangerous in combination with alcohol and can cause fatal apnea or respiratory depression.
Even residual MXE can potentiate the effects of 5ht agonists.
[[Drug Combinations]]

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

Examination of MXE molecule showed that, similar to [[Ketamine]], the 2 isomers have totally different effects with the (S) having potent NMDA activity (when the -OCH3 is deprotected to -OH, it gets stronger) while the (R) isomer has SRI effects and possibly a opioid metabolite.

MXE is generally sold racemic.

== Legal status==

Methoxetamine is illegal in the US states Arizona<ref>http://www.azleg.gov/DocumentsForBill.asp?Session_ID=112&Bill_Number=HB2453</ref>, Florida<ref>http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0893/0893.html</ref>, Indiana<ref>http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/2010/title35/ar31.5/ch2.html</ref>, Louisiana<ref>http://www.legis.la.gov/legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=850979&n=HB10%20Act</ref>, Minnesota<ref>https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=152.02</ref>, North Dakota<ref>http://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t19c03-1.pdf?20140721032549</ref>, Ohio<ref>http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText130/130_HB_315_RH_N.html</ref> and Virginia<ref>http://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?000+cod+54.1-3446</ref>. It is also banned in Brazil, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the UK<ref>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/contents/made</ref>.

== Links ==

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methoxetamine Wikipedia]

[http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/methoxetamine/methoxetamine.shtml Erowid]

[http://www.drugs-forum.com/forum/showwiki.php?title=Methoxetamine Drugs-Forum]

[http://reddit.com/r/Drugs/comments/o9wam/rdrugs_ama_series_mxe_methoxetamine/?sort=top /r/Drugs FAQ]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Research Chemical]]

Main Page

2018-08-16T18:25:47Z

Trees: fixed link to commands reference on main page

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Welcome to TripSit Wiki!}}
<table style="display:block;" cellpadding=0>
<tr>
<td valign=top width=30% bgcolor=#f1f1f1>

=== Drug Knowledge ===
*'''List of [[:Category:Drugs|Psychoactive Substances]]'''
*Main pages for drug classes:
**[[Hallucinogens]]
***[[Psychedelics]]
***[[Dissociatives]]
***[[Deliriants]]
**[[Stimulants]]
**[[Depressants]]
***[[Opioids]]
***[[Benzodiazepines]]
**[[Antidepressants]]
**[[:Category:Ethnobotanical|Ethnobotanicals]]
**[[Research Chemicals]]

* [[Drug combinations]]
* [http://drugs.tripsit.me/ Factsheets]
* [[Glossary]]

=== [[Guides]] ===

* [[Addiction]]
* [[Overdose]]
* [[Panic Attacks]]
* [[How To Deal With A Bad Trip]]
* [[Common Misconceptions About Psychedelics]]
* [[Quick Guide to Stimulant Comedowns]]
* [[Quick Guide to Plugging]]
* [[Quick Guide to Volumetric Dosing]]
* [[Cold Water Extraction]]

=== Tripsitting ===
* [[How_To_Tripsit_Online|How to Tripsit online]]
* [[How_To_Tripsit_In_Real_Life|How to Tripsit in real life]]
* [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|List of trip toys]]

=== Harm Reduction Supplies & Testing ===
* [[Scales]]
* [[Test Kits]]
* [[Sources for Laboratory Analysis]]

</td>
<td valign=top width=30% bgcolor=#f1f1f1>
=== [[:Category:Common Drugs|Common Drugs]] ===

* '''[[:Category:Psychedelic|Psychedelics]]'''
** [[2C-X|2C-X series]]
** [[Cannabis]]
** [[DOx|DOx series]]
** [[DMT]]
** [[LSA]]
** [[LSD]]
** [[AMT|αMT]]
** [[Mescaline]]
** [[Mushrooms]]
** [[NBOMes|NBOMe series]]

* '''[[:Category:Dissociative|Dissociatives]]'''
** [[3-MeO-PCP]]
** [[DXM]]
** [[Diphenidine]]
** [[Ketamine]]
** [[MXE]]
** [[Nitrous Oxide]]
** [[PCP]]
** [[Salvia]]

* '''[[:Category:Stimulant|Stimulants]]'''
** [[Adderall]]
** [[Amphetamine]]
** [[Cocaine]]
** [[MDA]]
** [[MDMA]]
** [[Mephedrone]]
** [[Methamphetamine]]
** [[Methylphenidate]]

* '''[[:Category:Depressant|Depressants]]'''
** [[Alcohol]]
** [[Etizolam]]
** [[GHB]]
** [[Kava]]
** [[Zolpidem]]

* '''[[:Category:Opioid|Opioids]]'''
** [[Buprenorphine]]
** [[Codeine]]
** [[Heroin]]
** [[Hydrocodone]]
** [[Kratom]]
** [[Morphine]]
** [[Oxycodone]]
** [[Tramadol]]
</td>

<td valign=top width=20%>

=== '''Important Pages''' ===
* '''[[TripSit Rules]]'''
* [[Network Terms of Service]]
* [[List of staff and their roles]]
* [[TripSit's Plans]]
* [[How to help TripSit]]

=== IRC ===
* [[IRC_User_Guide|'''New user guide''']]
* [http://tripsit.me/tripsitapp/ Tripsit's portable IRC distribution]
* [[Channels]]
** [http://chat.tripsit.me/?nick=Social?#tripsit #tripsit]
** [http://chat.tripsit.me/?nick=Social?#lounge #lounge]
** [http://chat.tripsit.me/?nick=Social?#drugs #drugs]
* [[How_to_connect_through_Tor|How to Connect through Tor]]
* [[How_to_Connect_using_IRCCloud|How to Connect using IRCCloud]]
* [[List of IRC bot commands]]
* [[Commands reference]]

=== TripRadio ===
* [http://radio.tripsit.me Listen Now]

* [[Radio|General info]]
* [[DJ Application|We need DJs!]]
* [[How to DJ|How to setup DJ software]]
</td>

</tr>
</table>

[[About|About Tripsit wiki]]

TripSit wiki currently has [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFPAGES}} pages]].

View a [[Special:AllPages|list of all pages]].

How To Tripsit Online

2017-11-17T21:43:20Z

Trees:

This is a guide to Tripsitting online, primarily guided around doing so in TripSit's #tripsit channels, though most tips should be transferable to most tripsitting scenarios.

Here on TripSit's network, when you join to help users, you will be connected to #tripsit,#tripsit1,#tripsit2,#tripsit3 and #tripsitters.

The channels #tripsit,#tripsit1,#tripsit2, and #tripsit3 are all the same, support channels users who need assistance are divided evenly between.

The channel called #tripsitters is a peer support channel, where you can ask for help from other TripSitters, or discuss an ongoing situation to determine the best approach.

==Greeting a user==

Greet users with a simple, calm and neutral phrase such as "hello, how are you?" If the user requires some help, make sure you first gain from them an understanding of exactly what drug(s) they are on, at what dosages and how long it was since they took them (always better to ask the user to list all of the drugs he is on even though the problem seems to only be coming from one of them). You can use ~welcome to greet new users, but we recommend using your own words as it feels more human than automated response.

If a user is online, and not getting too much into convo, then don't idle- they might think that no one is listening to them and leave. When possible, try to greet the user as soon as they enter the room (you can use the ~gettripsitentries command to help with this!).

==Basic Commands==

*Changing your nickname is done with:

:*/nick name

::*Note: Spaces are not allowed in a nickname; they are treated as the end of the nickname, and anything after a space will not show up. Alphanumeric (A-Z, 1-9) characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_) are allowed.

*Joining a room is done with:

:*/join #room

*Leaving a room is done with:

:*/part #room

*Sending someone a private message is done with:

:*/query user message

*Display all available channels:

:*/list

== TripBot ==
Here on TripSit, we have a resident helper bot called TripBot. Here are some of the most useful commands for helping out.
=== Common Commands ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~report <#channel> <user> <reason> || Report a <user> in a <#channel> for a <reason>. This command can either be run publicly in a channel or anonymously in a PM to tripbot. || /msg tripbot ~report #drugs JoeTheTroll Asking where to get stuff.
|-
| ~drug <drug> || Displays the properties of the <drug>, for example: summary, dose, duration, effects and more. || ~drug LSD
|-
| ~drug <drug> <property> || Displays <property> information || ~drug LSD dose
|-
| ~factsheet <drug> || Links to the factsheet of the <drug>. || ~factsheet LSD
|-
| ~bconvert <dosage> <benzo1> <benzo2> || Converts <dosage> of <benzo1> to <benzo2>. || ~bconvert 2mg xanax klonopin
|-
| ~breathe2 || Links a gif animation designed to help users regain control of their breathing, useful for panic and anxiety || ~breathe2
|}

=== TripSitting ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~tripsit <user> || Ask for help in #tripsit on behalf of the <user> in need help. Messages all tripsitters and posts a message in #drugs and #tripsitvip. <user> is optional. || ~tripsit TripSitMe_12345
|-
| ~gettripsitentries || After issuing this command, you will be PMed by tripbot when a new user comes into #tripsit and may need help. ||
|-
| ~notripsitentries || Turns off the above alert of new users in #tripsit. ||
|-
| ~recovery position|| Displays a link to an image on how to get into the recovery position. || http://imgur.com/nTEm0QE.png The recovery position is designed to prevent suffocation through obstruction of the airway
|}

==How To Deal with Various Situations==

===Panic attack===

The most important thing to keep in mind is that panic attacks are not dangerous. They usually originate from a negative thought loop and can be stopped by reminding the 'victim' that they are in no danger whatsoever. Usually a short period of breathing exercise (30s) will be able to 'break the cycle' in terms of the thought loop and you will be able to move them onto another subject. Ask the user to shut their eyes, breathe slowly and deeply and clear their mind of everything but their breathing for thirty seconds - and reassure them that once they have done this they will be feeling much better.

Remember, panic attacks are uncomfortable but not dangerous. Failing being able to perform meditation, suggest a change of setting - this can be done most easily by suggesting the user goes to get a glass of water. See our page on [[Panic Attacks|panic attacks]] for more specific information on dealing with a panic attack.

===Possible Overdose===

Ascertain whether just [[Panic Attacks|panic attack]], and beyond that recommend nothing other than seeking immediate medical attention. We aren't doctors. You should be able to use our resources (or failing that, Google) to quickly ascertain whether a dose is dangerous. Don't freak out trippers by saying they may be in danger when they're on, for example, ~1500ug of 25-I-NBOMe (high dose but not dangerous). Get some background from the tripper; 4g of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) won't harm most of the people but if someone already has problems with their liver it is really dangerous.

There is no way to be certain of a users pre-existing tolerance to any one drug and what they say might be nothing more than their perceived tolerance to said drug. As a result, every individual is different. Potential overdoses for one may be a safe recreational dose for another (more tolerant) individual. This means that there is no guaranteed way to know if one is at a significant risk of death from a potential overdose, which is why recommending seeking medical attention is the best thing to do at that point.

See our page on [[Overdose|overdoses]] for more specific information.

===Bad Trip===

Use your imagination to find something relevant that the tripper finds interesting. Engage them in a subject they find interesting!
The most useful defense a tripper can have against bad trips is the ability to change the setting. Changing the music, the lighting, the room or just about anything can have a huge influence on the mindset of a person who is tripping and this makes it an invaluable technique.
Another way to quickly help the tripper regain control is helping them focus on their breath. Deep inhales through the nose, holding it for a few seconds, slowly exhaling through the mouth and holding breath briefly before repeating it all over again. Tripbot has several gifs in ~breathe that can serve as a visual aid for the tripper.
Consider also that challenging moments in a trip can be an incredible opportunity for the development of one's character and you may come to the conclusion that many others have - that benzos are great but really ought to be a last resort.

You can draw a parallel outside of the context of illegal drug use to those that drink heavily when times get tough. Instead of dealing with the hurdles that life presents they retreat to the bar, and they tend to be very immature as a result.

We also have a [[How_To_Deal_With_A_Bad_Trip|full guide on how to deal with a bad trip]].

===Stimulant Induced Panic===
Ask the user how much they’ve taken to ensure that it isn’t a dangerous amount. Find out how long they’ve been awake for, and inquire about their food and water intake. In nearly all cases they will have neglected one or more of these basics. Reassure them the panic will go away when the dietary and rest negligence has been mended. Have the user drink juice, gatorade, other isotonic beverages or water; ideally eat a full meal as well. Fruit, bananas in particular, can be acceptable if the user is too stimulated to eat and in worst case scenarios they can drink water mixed with a pinch of salt, as that will help to retain the water better. It can be hard for the user to disengage and follow through due to the stimulation. Be adamant, but gentle.

The ~breathe command can help them calm down. If the user has started to rehydrate and eat you can start suggesting soothing music. When the user has calmed down and rehydrated suggest they get some sleep to fully recover.
A few food items which are generally easy to eat in stimulated states include things like: shakes, soups or smoothies.

More information about Stimulant Harm Reduction [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Here]]

===Suicidal Users===

If a user is suicidal, check if they're on drugs or coming down. Try and calm them down to the best of your ability using the techniques described in the Bad Trip section. Use your best judgment, but remember we're not mental health professionals and we're not equipped to deal with these situations properly. If you feel their state isn't improving try to figure out what country they're from and direct them to call a suicide hotline, as they know how to help them much better than we do. Tripbot has the command: ~suicide that links to [[Suicidal_Users_Referrals|Suicidal Users Referrals]]. If all attempts fail please contact a staff member.

===Finding and Providing Information===

There is a wealth of useful information which can help provide you and a tripsitee with information on our Wiki or our other resources. You can either browse the Wiki itself at [http://wiki.tripsit.me/ http://wiki.tripsit.me], or various important articles are also stored in tripbot quotes, such as ~stimulant comedowns. You can get bite-sized information about certain drugs and classes of drug in-channel with the '~drug drugname' command. For example, '~drug mdma dose'. You can also get a link to a nice web-page with all the information about a single drug with, for example: ~factsheet 2cb. For a quick overview of drug combinations check out our [[wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations|Drug Combination Chart]]

==What to Avoid==

*Giving incorrect advice and information. No information is usually better than wrong information. Don't be afraid to ask fellow tripsitters for input when you cannot give correct advice. If you don't know the substance, direct the user to Erowid or get the info yourself and provide it. If there are no other staff members around feel free to ask in #drugs, there are usually people willing to help! in case of an emergency. Don't hesitate to use the command "~tripsit username" replacing "username" with the username of the tripper in need of help. This will notify people on the network.
*Being too talkative to the user, if you can try to let them guide the conversation so they're as comfortable as possible - try to keep the channel relatively un-busy (use the ~busy command!).
*Crowding a user. If the room is already busy and a tripper is already being attended to by 2-3 people then leave it be.
*Try not to express much surprise or confusion at how a tripper is feeling - avoid phrases like "I'm surprised you're still feeling this 20 hours on." Remember, the primary aim is reassurance.
*Negativity. Try to keep all discussion positive and as upbeat as possible. Being a stick in the mud is no good when people around you are tripping.
*Awkward or negative wording - It is obvious that negative input is clearly to be avoided when dealing with a "bad trip" situation, but it is easy to overlook how much of an impact the wording of your advice has on the tripper's mind. Avoid words with a generally negative conotation (for example, panic, death, etc...) and replace them with words that are easier to handle for a tripping brain. For example, "don't panic" can easily be replaced by "stay calm," which is more soothing. Keep wording simple and easy to understand.
*Avoid suggesting the use of harder drugs unless the situation is considered an emergency, or is too severe for any tripsitter to handle. A common example in a tripsitting situation is the suggestion of benzos to kill a trip - in most cases this is entirely unnecessary, and a good bit of personal tripsitting is all a user needs to be calmed.

==Other Useful Links==
*A quick intro guide to [[IRC_User_Guide#Basic_Commands|how the chat works and its commands]]
*A list of [[List_of_IRC_bot_commands|Tripbot commands]]
*A list of [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|Trip Toys]] (you can link to a random one with ~triptoy)

[[Category:Guides]]

How To Tripsit Online

2017-11-16T19:54:27Z

Trees: Added basic IRC commands section for new users/helpers

This is a guide to Tripsitting online, primarily guided around doing so in TripSit's #tripsit channels, though most tips should be transferable to most tripsitting scenarios.

Here on TripSit's network, when you join to help users, you will be connected to #tripsit,#tripsit1,#tripsit2,#tripsit3 and #tripsitters.

#tripsit and #tripsit1,#tripsit2,#tripsit3 are all the same, support channels users who need assistance are divided evenly between.

#tripsitters is a peer support channel, where you can ask for help from other TripSitters, or discuss an ongoing situation to determine the best approach.

==Greeting a user==

Greet users with a simple, calm and neutral phrase such as "hello, how are you?" If the user requires some help, make sure you first gain from them an understanding of exactly what drug(s) they are on, at what dosages and how long it was since they took them (always better to ask the user to list all of the drugs he is on even though the problem seems to only be coming from one of them). You can use ~welcome to greet new users, but we recommend using your own words as it feels more human than automated response.

If a user is online, and not getting too much into convo, then don't idle- they might think that no one is listening to them and leave. When possible, try to greet the user as soon as they enter the room (you can use the ~gettripsitentries command to help with this!).

==Basic Commands==

*Changing your nickname is done with:

:*/nick name

::*Note: Spaces are not allowed in a nickname; they are treated as the end of the nickname, and anything after a space will not show up. Alphanumeric (A-Z, 1-9) characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_) are allowed.

*Joining a room is done with:

:*/join #room

*Leaving a room is done with:

:*/part #room

*Sending someone a private message is done with:

:*/query user message

*Display all available channels:

:*/list

== TripBot ==
Here on TripSit, we have a resident helper bot called TripBot. Here are some of the most useful commands for helping out.
=== Common Commands ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~report <#channel> <user> <reason> || Report a <user> in a <#channel> for a <reason>. This command can either be run publicly in a channel or anonymously in a PM to tripbot. || /msg tripbot ~report #drugs JoeTheTroll Asking where to get stuff.
|-
| ~drug <drug> || Displays the properties of the <drug>, for example: summary, dose, duration, effects and more. || ~drug LSD
|-
| ~drug <drug> <property> || Displays <property> information || ~drug LSD dose
|-
| ~factsheet <drug> || Links to the factsheet of the <drug>. || ~factsheet LSD
|-
| ~bconvert <dosage> <benzo1> <benzo2> || Converts <dosage> of <benzo1> to <benzo2>. || ~bconvert 2mg xanax klonopin
|-
| ~breathe2 || Links a gif animation designed to help users regain control of their breathing, useful for panic and anxiety || ~breathe2
|}

=== TripSitting ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~tripsit <user> || Ask for help in #tripsit on behalf of the <user> in need help. Messages all tripsitters and posts a message in #drugs and #tripsitvip. <user> is optional. || ~tripsit TripSitMe_12345
|-
| ~gettripsitentries || After issuing this command, you will be PMed by tripbot when a new user comes into #tripsit and may need help. ||
|-
| ~notripsitentries || Turns off the above alert of new users in #tripsit. ||
|-
| ~recovery position|| Displays a link to an image on how to get into the recovery position. || http://imgur.com/nTEm0QE.png The recovery position is designed to prevent suffocation through obstruction of the airway
|}

==How To Deal with Various Situations==

===Panic attack===

The most important thing to keep in mind is that panic attacks are not dangerous. They usually originate from a negative thought loop and can be stopped by reminding the 'victim' that they are in no danger whatsoever. Usually a short period of breathing exercise (30s) will be able to 'break the cycle' in terms of the thought loop and you will be able to move them onto another subject. Ask the user to shut their eyes, breathe slowly and deeply and clear their mind of everything but their breathing for thirty seconds - and reassure them that once they have done this they will be feeling much better.

Remember, panic attacks are uncomfortable but not dangerous. Failing being able to perform meditation, suggest a change of setting - this can be done most easily by suggesting the user goes to get a glass of water. See our page on [[Panic Attacks|panic attacks]] for more specific information on dealing with a panic attack.

===Possible Overdose===

Ascertain whether just [[Panic Attacks|panic attack]], and beyond that recommend nothing other than seeking immediate medical attention. We aren't doctors. You should be able to use our resources (or failing that, Google) to quickly ascertain whether a dose is dangerous. Don't freak out trippers by saying they may be in danger when they're on, for example, ~1500ug of 25-I-NBOMe (high dose but not dangerous). Get some background from the tripper; 4g of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) won't harm most of the people but if someone already has problems with their liver it is really dangerous.

There is no way to be certain of a users pre-existing tolerance to any one drug and what they say might be nothing more than their perceived tolerance to said drug. As a result, every individual is different. Potential overdoses for one may be a safe recreational dose for another (more tolerant) individual. This means that there is no guaranteed way to know if one is at a significant risk of death from a potential overdose, which is why recommending seeking medical attention is the best thing to do at that point.

See our page on [[Overdose|overdoses]] for more specific information.

===Bad Trip===

Use your imagination to find something relevant that the tripper finds interesting. Engage them in a subject they find interesting!
The most useful defense a tripper can have against bad trips is the ability to change the setting. Changing the music, the lighting, the room or just about anything can have a huge influence on the mindset of a person who is tripping and this makes it an invaluable technique.
Another way to quickly help the tripper regain control is helping them focus on their breath. Deep inhales through the nose, holding it for a few seconds, slowly exhaling through the mouth and holding breath briefly before repeating it all over again. Tripbot has several gifs in ~breathe that can serve as a visual aid for the tripper.
Consider also that challenging moments in a trip can be an incredible opportunity for the development of one's character and you may come to the conclusion that many others have - that benzos are great but really ought to be a last resort.

You can draw a parallel outside of the context of illegal drug use to those that drink heavily when times get tough. Instead of dealing with the hurdles that life presents they retreat to the bar, and they tend to be very immature as a result.

We also have a [[How_To_Deal_With_A_Bad_Trip|full guide on how to deal with a bad trip]].

===Stimulant Induced Panic===
Ask the user how much they’ve taken to ensure that it isn’t a dangerous amount. Find out how long they’ve been awake for, and inquire about their food and water intake. In nearly all cases they will have neglected one or more of these basics. Reassure them the panic will go away when the dietary and rest negligence has been mended. Have the user drink juice, gatorade, other isotonic beverages or water; ideally eat a full meal as well. Fruit, bananas in particular, can be acceptable if the user is too stimulated to eat and in worst case scenarios they can drink water mixed with a pinch of salt, as that will help to retain the water better. It can be hard for the user to disengage and follow through due to the stimulation. Be adamant, but gentle.

The ~breathe command can help them calm down. If the user has started to rehydrate and eat you can start suggesting soothing music. When the user has calmed down and rehydrated suggest they get some sleep to fully recover.
A few food items which are generally easy to eat in stimulated states include things like: shakes, soups or smoothies.

More information about Stimulant Harm Reduction [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Here]]

===Suicidal Users===

If a user is suicidal, check if they're on drugs or coming down. Try and calm them down to the best of your ability using the techniques described in the Bad Trip section. Use your best judgment, but remember we're not mental health professionals and we're not equipped to deal with these situations properly. If you feel their state isn't improving try to figure out what country they're from and direct them to call a suicide hotline, as they know how to help them much better than we do. Tripbot has the command: ~suicide that links to [[Suicidal_Users_Referrals|Suicidal Users Referrals]]. If all attempts fail please contact a staff member.

===Finding and Providing Information===

There is a wealth of useful information which can help provide you and a tripsitee with information on our Wiki or our other resources. You can either browse the Wiki itself at [http://wiki.tripsit.me/ http://wiki.tripsit.me], or various important articles are also stored in tripbot quotes, such as ~stimulant comedowns. You can get bite-sized information about certain drugs and classes of drug in-channel with the '~drug drugname' command. For example, '~drug mdma dose'. You can also get a link to a nice web-page with all the information about a single drug with, for example: ~factsheet 2cb. For a quick overview of drug combinations check out our [[wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations|Drug Combination Chart]]

==What to Avoid==

*Giving incorrect advice and information. No information is usually better than wrong information. Don't be afraid to ask fellow tripsitters for input when you cannot give correct advice. If you don't know the substance, direct the user to Erowid or get the info yourself and provide it. If there are no other staff members around feel free to ask in #drugs, there are usually people willing to help! in case of an emergency. Don't hesitate to use the command "~tripsit username" replacing "username" with the username of the tripper in need of help. This will notify people on the network.
*Being too talkative to the user, if you can try to let them guide the conversation so they're as comfortable as possible - try to keep the channel relatively un-busy (use the ~busy command!).
*Crowding a user. If the room is already busy and a tripper is already being attended to by 2-3 people then leave it be.
*Try not to express much surprise or confusion at how a tripper is feeling - avoid phrases like "I'm surprised you're still feeling this 20 hours on." Remember, the primary aim is reassurance.
*Negativity. Try to keep all discussion positive and as upbeat as possible. Being a stick in the mud is no good when people around you are tripping.
*Awkward or negative wording - It is obvious that negative input is clearly to be avoided when dealing with a "bad trip" situation, but it is easy to overlook how much of an impact the wording of your advice has on the tripper's mind. Avoid words with a generally negative conotation (for example, panic, death, etc...) and replace them with words that are easier to handle for a tripping brain. For example, "don't panic" can easily be replaced by "stay calm," which is more soothing. Keep wording simple and easy to understand.
*Avoid suggesting the use of harder drugs unless the situation is considered an emergency, or is too severe for any tripsitter to handle. A common example in a tripsitting situation is the suggestion of benzos to kill a trip - in most cases this is entirely unnecessary, and a good bit of personal tripsitting is all a user needs to be calmed.

==Other Useful Links==
*A quick intro guide to [[IRC_User_Guide#Basic_Commands|how the chat works and its commands]]
*A list of [[List_of_IRC_bot_commands|Tripbot commands]]
*A list of [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|Trip Toys]] (you can link to a random one with ~triptoy)

[[Category:Guides]]

How To Tripsit Online

2017-11-16T19:40:59Z

Trees: Added breath2, explanations about the various tripsit channels and tripsitters channel

This is a guide to Tripsitting online, primarily guided around doing so in TripSit's #tripsit channels, though most tips should be transferable to most tripsitting scenarios.

Here on TripSit's network, when you join to help users, you will be connected to #tripsit,#tripsit1,#tripsit2,#tripsit3 and #tripsitters.

#tripsit and #tripsit1,#tripsit2,#tripsit3 are all the same, support channels users who need assistance are divided evenly between.

#tripsitters is a peer support channel, where you can ask for help from other TripSitters, or discuss an ongoing situation to determine the best approach.

==Greeting a user==

Greet users with a simple, calm and neutral phrase such as "hello, how are you?" If the user requires some help, make sure you first gain from them an understanding of exactly what drug(s) they are on, at what dosages and how long it was since they took them (always better to ask the user to list all of the drugs he is on even though the problem seems to only be coming from one of them). You can use ~welcome to greet new users, but we recommend using your own words as it feels more human than automated response.

If a user is online, and not getting too much into convo, then don't idle- they might think that no one is listening to them and leave. When possible, try to greet the user as soon as they enter the room (you can use the ~gettripsitentries command to help with this!).

== TripBot ==
Here on TripSit, we have a resident helper bot called TripBot. Here are some of the most useful commands for helping out.
=== Common Commands ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~report <#channel> <user> <reason> || Report a <user> in a <#channel> for a <reason>. This command can either be run publicly in a channel or anonymously in a PM to tripbot. || /msg tripbot ~report #drugs JoeTheTroll Asking where to get stuff.
|-
| ~drug <drug> || Displays the properties of the <drug>, for example: summary, dose, duration, effects and more. || ~drug LSD
|-
| ~drug <drug> <property> || Displays <property> information || ~drug LSD dose
|-
| ~factsheet <drug> || Links to the factsheet of the <drug>. || ~factsheet LSD
|-
| ~bconvert <dosage> <benzo1> <benzo2> || Converts <dosage> of <benzo1> to <benzo2>. || ~bconvert 2mg xanax klonopin
|-
| ~breathe2 || Links a gif animation designed to help users regain control of their breathing, useful for panic and anxiety || ~breathe2
|}

=== TripSitting ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~tripsit <user> || Ask for help in #tripsit on behalf of the <user> in need help. Messages all tripsitters and posts a message in #drugs and #tripsitvip. <user> is optional. || ~tripsit TripSitMe_12345
|-
| ~gettripsitentries || After issuing this command, you will be PMed by tripbot when a new user comes into #tripsit and may need help. ||
|-
| ~notripsitentries || Turns off the above alert of new users in #tripsit. ||
|-
| ~clearmissing || If tripbot sends a private message saying you have missed notifies, this is a bug, and you can safely use this command to remove them. ||
|-
| ~recovery position|| Displays a link to an image on how to get into the recovery position. || http://imgur.com/nTEm0QE.png The recovery position is designed to prevent suffocation through obstruction of the airway
|}

==How To Deal with Various Situations==

===Panic attack===

The most important thing to keep in mind is that panic attacks are not dangerous. They usually originate from a negative thought loop and can be stopped by reminding the 'victim' that they are in no danger whatsoever. Usually a short period of breathing exercise (30s) will be able to 'break the cycle' in terms of the thought loop and you will be able to move them onto another subject. Ask the user to shut their eyes, breathe slowly and deeply and clear their mind of everything but their breathing for thirty seconds - and reassure them that once they have done this they will be feeling much better.

Remember, panic attacks are uncomfortable but not dangerous. Failing being able to perform meditation, suggest a change of setting - this can be done most easily by suggesting the user goes to get a glass of water. See our page on [[Panic Attacks|panic attacks]] for more specific information on dealing with a panic attack.

===Possible Overdose===

Ascertain whether just [[Panic Attacks|panic attack]], and beyond that recommend nothing other than seeking immediate medical attention. We aren't doctors. You should be able to use our resources (or failing that, Google) to quickly ascertain whether a dose is dangerous. Don't freak out trippers by saying they may be in danger when they're on, for example, ~1500ug of 25-I-NBOMe (high dose but not dangerous). Get some background from the tripper; 4g of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) won't harm most of the people but if someone already has problems with their liver it is really dangerous.

There is no way to be certain of a users pre-existing tolerance to any one drug and what they say might be nothing more than their perceived tolerance to said drug. As a result, every individual is different. Potential overdoses for one may be a safe recreational dose for another (more tolerant) individual. This means that there is no guaranteed way to know if one is at a significant risk of death from a potential overdose, which is why recommending seeking medical attention is the best thing to do at that point.

See our page on [[Overdose|overdoses]] for more specific information.

===Bad Trip===

Use your imagination to find something relevant that the tripper finds interesting. Engage them in a subject they find interesting!
The most useful defense a tripper can have against bad trips is the ability to change the setting. Changing the music, the lighting, the room or just about anything can have a huge influence on the mindset of a person who is tripping and this makes it an invaluable technique.
Another way to quickly help the tripper regain control is helping them focus on their breath. Deep inhales through the nose, holding it for a few seconds, slowly exhaling through the mouth and holding breath briefly before repeating it all over again. Tripbot has several gifs in ~breathe that can serve as a visual aid for the tripper.
Consider also that challenging moments in a trip can be an incredible opportunity for the development of one's character and you may come to the conclusion that many others have - that benzos are great but really ought to be a last resort.

You can draw a parallel outside of the context of illegal drug use to those that drink heavily when times get tough. Instead of dealing with the hurdles that life presents they retreat to the bar, and they tend to be very immature as a result.

We also have a [[How_To_Deal_With_A_Bad_Trip|full guide on how to deal with a bad trip]].

===Stimulant Induced Panic===
Ask the user how much they’ve taken to ensure that it isn’t a dangerous amount. Find out how long they’ve been awake for, and inquire about their food and water intake. In nearly all cases they will have neglected one or more of these basics. Reassure them the panic will go away when the dietary and rest negligence has been mended. Have the user drink juice, gatorade, other isotonic beverages or water; ideally eat a full meal as well. Fruit, bananas in particular, can be acceptable if the user is too stimulated to eat and in worst case scenarios they can drink water mixed with a pinch of salt, as that will help to retain the water better. It can be hard for the user to disengage and follow through due to the stimulation. Be adamant, but gentle.

The ~breathe command can help them calm down. If the user has started to rehydrate and eat you can start suggesting soothing music. When the user has calmed down and rehydrated suggest they get some sleep to fully recover.
A few food items which are generally easy to eat in stimulated states include things like: shakes, soups or smoothies.

More information about Stimulant Harm Reduction [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Here]]

===Suicidal Users===

If a user is suicidal, check if they're on drugs or coming down. Try and calm them down to the best of your ability using the techniques described in the Bad Trip section. Use your best judgment, but remember we're not mental health professionals and we're not equipped to deal with these situations properly. If you feel their state isn't improving try to figure out what country they're from and direct them to call a suicide hotline, as they know how to help them much better than we do. Tripbot has the command: ~suicide that links to [[Suicidal_Users_Referrals|Suicidal Users Referrals]]. If all attempts fail please contact a staff member.

===Finding and Providing Information===

There is a wealth of useful information which can help provide you and a tripsitee with information on our Wiki or our other resources. You can either browse the Wiki itself at [http://wiki.tripsit.me/ http://wiki.tripsit.me], or various important articles are also stored in tripbot quotes, such as ~stimulant comedowns. You can get bite-sized information about certain drugs and classes of drug in-channel with the '~drug drugname' command. For example, '~drug mdma dose'. You can also get a link to a nice web-page with all the information about a single drug with, for example: ~factsheet 2cb. For a quick overview of drug combinations check out our [[wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations|Drug Combination Chart]]

==What to Avoid==

*Giving incorrect advice and information. No information is usually better than wrong information. Don't be afraid to ask fellow tripsitters for input when you cannot give correct advice. If you don't know the substance, direct the user to Erowid or get the info yourself and provide it. If there are no other staff members around feel free to ask in #drugs, there are usually people willing to help! in case of an emergency. Don't hesitate to use the command "~tripsit username" replacing "username" with the username of the tripper in need of help. This will notify people on the network.
*Being too talkative to the user, if you can try to let them guide the conversation so they're as comfortable as possible - try to keep the channel relatively un-busy (use the ~busy command!).
*Crowding a user. If the room is already busy and a tripper is already being attended to by 2-3 people then leave it be.
*Try not to express much surprise or confusion at how a tripper is feeling - avoid phrases like "I'm surprised you're still feeling this 20 hours on." Remember, the primary aim is reassurance.
*Negativity. Try to keep all discussion positive and as upbeat as possible. Being a stick in the mud is no good when people around you are tripping.
*Awkward or negative wording - It is obvious that negative input is clearly to be avoided when dealing with a "bad trip" situation, but it is easy to overlook how much of an impact the wording of your advice has on the tripper's mind. Avoid words with a generally negative conotation (for example, panic, death, etc...) and replace them with words that are easier to handle for a tripping brain. For example, "don't panic" can easily be replaced by "stay calm," which is more soothing. Keep wording simple and easy to understand.
*Avoid suggesting the use of harder drugs unless the situation is considered an emergency, or is too severe for any tripsitter to handle. A common example in a tripsitting situation is the suggestion of benzos to kill a trip - in most cases this is entirely unnecessary, and a good bit of personal tripsitting is all a user needs to be calmed.

==Other Useful Links==
*A quick intro guide to [[IRC_User_Guide#Basic_Commands|how the chat works and its commands]]
*A list of [[List_of_IRC_bot_commands|Tripbot commands]]
*A list of [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|Trip Toys]] (you can link to a random one with ~triptoy)

[[Category:Guides]]

How To Tripsit Online

2017-11-06T19:49:56Z

Trees: /* Stimulant Induced Panic */

This is a guide to Tripsitting online, primarily guided around doing so in TripSit's #tripsit channel, though most tips should be transferable to most tripsitting scenarios.

==Greeting a user==

Greet users with a simple, calm and neutral phrase such as "hello, how are you?" If the user requires some help, make sure you first gain from them an understanding of exactly what drug(s) they are on, at what dosages and how long it was since they took them (always better to ask the user to list all of the drugs he is on even though the problem seems to only be coming from one of them). You can use ~welcome to greet new users, but we recommend using your own words as it feels more human than automated response.

If a user is online, and not getting too much into convo, then don't idle- they might think that no one is listening to them and leave. When possible, try to greet the user as soon as they enter the room (you can use the ~gettripsitentries command to help with this!).

==How To Deal with Various Situations==

===Panic attack===

The most important thing to keep in mind is that panic attacks are not dangerous. They usually originate from a negative thought loop and can be stopped by reminding the 'victim' that they are in no danger whatsoever. Usually a short period of breathing exercise (30s) will be able to 'break the cycle' in terms of the thought loop and you will be able to move them onto another subject. Ask the user to shut their eyes, breathe slowly and deeply and clear their mind of everything but their breathing for thirty seconds - and reassure them that once they have done this they will be feeling much better.

Remember, panic attacks are uncomfortable but not dangerous. Failing being able to perform meditation, suggest a change of setting - this can be done most easily by suggesting the user goes to get a glass of water. See our page on [[Panic Attacks|panic attacks]] for more specific information on dealing with a panic attack.

===Possible Overdose===

Ascertain whether just [[Panic Attacks|panic attack]], and beyond that recommend nothing other than seeking immediate medical attention. We aren't doctors. You should be able to use our resources (or failing that, Google) to quickly ascertain whether a dose is dangerous. Don't freak out trippers by saying they may be in danger when they're on, for example, ~1500ug of 25-I-NBOMe (high dose but not dangerous). Get some background from the tripper; 4g of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) won't harm most of the people but if someone already has problems with their liver it is really dangerous.

There is no way to be certain of a users pre-existing tolerance to any one drug and what they say might be nothing more than their perceived tolerance to said drug. As a result, every individual is different. Potential overdoses for one may be a safe recreational dose for another (more tolerant) individual. This means that there is no guaranteed way to know if one is at a significant risk of death from a potential overdose, which is why recommending seeking medical attention is the best thing to do at that point.

See our page on [[Overdose|overdoses]] for more specific information.

===Bad Trip===

Use your imagination to find something relevant that the tripper finds interesting. Engage them in a subject they find interesting!
The most useful defence a tripper can have against bad trips is the ability to change the setting. Changing the music, the lighting, the room or just about anything can have a huge influence on the mindset of a person who is tripping and this makes it an invaluable technique.
Consider also that challenging moments in a trip can be an incredible opportunity for the development of one's character and you may come to the conclusion that many others have - that benzos are great but really ought to be a last resort.

You can draw a parallel outside of the context of illegal drug use to those that drink heavily when times get tough. Instead of dealing with the hurdles that life presents they retreat to the bar, and they tend to be very immature as a result.

We also have a [[How_To_Deal_With_A_Bad_Trip|full guide on how to deal with a bad trip]].

===Stimulant Induced Panic===
Ask the user how much they’ve taken to ensure that it isn’t a dangerous amount. Find out how long they’ve been awake for, and inquire about their food and water intake. In nearly all cases they will have neglected one or more of these basics. Reassure them the panic will go away when the dietary and rest negligence has been mended. Have the user drink juice, gatorade, other isotonic beverages or water; ideally eat a full meal as well. Fruit, bananas in particular, can be acceptable if the user is too stimulated to eat and in worst case scenarios they can drink water mixed with a pinch of salt, as that will help to retain the water better. It can be hard for the user to disengage and follow through due to the stimulation. Be adamant, but gentle.

The ~breathe command can help them calm down. If the user has started to rehydrate and eat you can start suggesting soothing music. When the user has calmed down and rehydrated suggest they get some sleep to fully recover.
A few food items which are generally easy to eat in stimulated states include things like: shakes, soups or smoothies.

More information about Stimulant Harm Reduction [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Here]]

===Suicidal Users===

If a user is suicidal, check if they're on drugs or coming down. Try and calm them down to the best of your ability using the techniques described in the Bad Trip section. Use your best judgment, but remember we're not mental health professionals and we're not equipped to deal with these situations properly. If you feel their state isn't improving try to figure out what country they're from and direct them to call a suicide hotline, as they know how to help them much better than we do. Tripbot has the command: ~suicide that links to [[Suicidal_Users_Referrals|Suicidal Users Referrals]]. If all attempts fail please contact a staff member.

===Finding and Providing Information===

There is a wealth of useful information which can help provide you and a tripsitee with information on our Wiki or our other resources. You can either browse the Wiki itself at [http://wiki.tripsit.me/ http://wiki.tripsit.me], or various important articles are also stored in tripbot quotes, such as ~stimulant comedowns. You can get bite-sized information about certain drugs and classes of drug in-channel with the '~drug drugname' command. For example, '~drug mdma dose'. You can also get a link to a nice web-page with all the information about a single drug with, for example: ~factsheet 2cb. For a quick overview of drug combinations check out our [[wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations|Drug Combination Chart]]

==What to Avoid==

*Giving incorrect advice and information. No information is usually better than wrong information. Don't be afraid to ask fellow tripsitters for input when you cannot give correct advice. If you don't know the substance, direct the user to Erowid or get the info yourself and provide it. If there are no other staff members around feel free to ask in #drugs, there are usually people willing to help! in case of an emergency. Don't hesitate to use the command "~tripsit username" replacing "username" with the username of the tripper in need of help. This will notify people on the network.
*Being too talkative to the user, if you can try to let them guide the conversation so they're as comfortable as possible - try to keep the channel relatively un-busy (use the ~busy command!).
*Crowding a user. If the room is already busy and a tripper is already being attended to by 2-3 people then leave it be.
*Try not to express much surprise or confusion at how a tripper is feeling - avoid phrases like "I'm surprised you're still feeling this 20 hours on." Remember, the primary aim is reassurance.
*Negativity. Try to keep all discussion positive and as upbeat as possible. Being a stick in the mud is no good when people around you are tripping.
*Awkward or negative wording - It is obvious that negative input is clearly to be avoided when dealing with a "bad trip" situation, but it is easy to overlook how much of an impact the wording of your advice has on the tripper's mind. Avoid words with a generally negative conotation (for example, panic, death, etc...) and replace them with words that are easier to handle for a tripping brain. For example, "don't panic" can easily be replaced by "stay calm," which is more soothing. Keep wording simple and easy to understand.
*Avoid suggesting the use of harder drugs unless the situation is considered an emergency, or is too severe for any tripsitter to handle. A common example in a tripsitting situation is the suggestion of benzos to kill a trip - in most cases this is entirely unnecessary, and a good bit of personal tripsitting is all a user needs to be calmed.

==Other Useful Links==
*A quick intro guide to [[IRC_User_Guide#Basic_Commands|how the chat works and its commands]]
*A list of [[List_of_IRC_bot_commands|Tripbot commands]]
*A list of [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|Trip Toys]] (you can link to a random one with ~triptoy)

[[Category:Guides]]

How To Tripsit Online

2017-11-06T19:45:18Z

Trees: /* Stimulant Induced Panic */

This is a guide to Tripsitting online, primarily guided around doing so in TripSit's #tripsit channel, though most tips should be transferable to most tripsitting scenarios.

==Greeting a user==

Greet users with a simple, calm and neutral phrase such as "hello, how are you?" If the user requires some help, make sure you first gain from them an understanding of exactly what drug(s) they are on, at what dosages and how long it was since they took them (always better to ask the user to list all of the drugs he is on even though the problem seems to only be coming from one of them). You can use ~welcome to greet new users, but we recommend using your own words as it feels more human than automated response.

If a user is online, and not getting too much into convo, then don't idle- they might think that no one is listening to them and leave. When possible, try to greet the user as soon as they enter the room (you can use the ~gettripsitentries command to help with this!).

==How To Deal with Various Situations==

===Panic attack===

The most important thing to keep in mind is that panic attacks are not dangerous. They usually originate from a negative thought loop and can be stopped by reminding the 'victim' that they are in no danger whatsoever. Usually a short period of breathing exercise (30s) will be able to 'break the cycle' in terms of the thought loop and you will be able to move them onto another subject. Ask the user to shut their eyes, breathe slowly and deeply and clear their mind of everything but their breathing for thirty seconds - and reassure them that once they have done this they will be feeling much better.

Remember, panic attacks are uncomfortable but not dangerous. Failing being able to perform meditation, suggest a change of setting - this can be done most easily by suggesting the user goes to get a glass of water. See our page on [[Panic Attacks|panic attacks]] for more specific information on dealing with a panic attack.

===Possible Overdose===

Ascertain whether just [[Panic Attacks|panic attack]], and beyond that recommend nothing other than seeking immediate medical attention. We aren't doctors. You should be able to use our resources (or failing that, Google) to quickly ascertain whether a dose is dangerous. Don't freak out trippers by saying they may be in danger when they're on, for example, ~1500ug of 25-I-NBOMe (high dose but not dangerous). Get some background from the tripper; 4g of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) won't harm most of the people but if someone already has problems with their liver it is really dangerous.

There is no way to be certain of a users pre-existing tolerance to any one drug and what they say might be nothing more than their perceived tolerance to said drug. As a result, every individual is different. Potential overdoses for one may be a safe recreational dose for another (more tolerant) individual. This means that there is no guaranteed way to know if one is at a significant risk of death from a potential overdose, which is why recommending seeking medical attention is the best thing to do at that point.

See our page on [[Overdose|overdoses]] for more specific information.

===Bad Trip===

Use your imagination to find something relevant that the tripper finds interesting. Engage them in a subject they find interesting!
The most useful defence a tripper can have against bad trips is the ability to change the setting. Changing the music, the lighting, the room or just about anything can have a huge influence on the mindset of a person who is tripping and this makes it an invaluable technique.
Consider also that challenging moments in a trip can be an incredible opportunity for the development of one's character and you may come to the conclusion that many others have - that benzos are great but really ought to be a last resort.

You can draw a parallel outside of the context of illegal drug use to those that drink heavily when times get tough. Instead of dealing with the hurdles that life presents they retreat to the bar, and they tend to be very immature as a result.

We also have a [[How_To_Deal_With_A_Bad_Trip|full guide on how to deal with a bad trip]].

===Stimulant Induced Panic===
Ask the user how much they’ve taken to ensure that it isn’t a dangerous amount. Find out how long they’ve been awake, inquire about their food and water intake. In nearly all cases they’ve neglected these. Reassure them the panic will go away when the negligence has been mended. Make the user drink juice, gatorade, other isotonic beverages or water; ideally eat a full meal as well. Fruit, bananas in particular, can be acceptable if the user is too stimulated to eat and in worst case scenarios they can drink water mixed with a pinch of salt to retain the water better. It can be hard for the user to disengage and follow through due to the stimulation. Be adamant, but gentle. The ~breathe command can help them calm down. If the user has started to rehydrate and eat you can start suggesting soothing music. When the user has calmed down and rehydrated suggest they get some sleep to fully recover.
A few food items that’s easy to eat is: shakes, soups or smoothies.

More information about Stimulant Harm Reduction [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Here]]

===Suicidal Users===

If a user is suicidal, check if they're on drugs or coming down. Try and calm them down to the best of your ability using the techniques described in the Bad Trip section. Use your best judgment, but remember we're not mental health professionals and we're not equipped to deal with these situations properly. If you feel their state isn't improving try to figure out what country they're from and direct them to call a suicide hotline, as they know how to help them much better than we do. Tripbot has the command: ~suicide that links to [[Suicidal_Users_Referrals|Suicidal Users Referrals]]. If all attempts fail please contact a staff member.

===Finding and Providing Information===

There is a wealth of useful information which can help provide you and a tripsitee with information on our Wiki or our other resources. You can either browse the Wiki itself at [http://wiki.tripsit.me/ http://wiki.tripsit.me], or various important articles are also stored in tripbot quotes, such as ~stimulant comedowns. You can get bite-sized information about certain drugs and classes of drug in-channel with the '~drug drugname' command. For example, '~drug mdma dose'. You can also get a link to a nice web-page with all the information about a single drug with, for example: ~factsheet 2cb. For a quick overview of drug combinations check out our [[wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations|Drug Combination Chart]]

==What to Avoid==

*Giving incorrect advice and information. No information is usually better than wrong information. Don't be afraid to ask fellow tripsitters for input when you cannot give correct advice. If you don't know the substance, direct the user to Erowid or get the info yourself and provide it. If there are no other staff members around feel free to ask in #drugs, there are usually people willing to help! in case of an emergency. Don't hesitate to use the command "~tripsit username" replacing "username" with the username of the tripper in need of help. This will notify people on the network.
*Being too talkative to the user, if you can try to let them guide the conversation so they're as comfortable as possible - try to keep the channel relatively un-busy (use the ~busy command!).
*Crowding a user. If the room is already busy and a tripper is already being attended to by 2-3 people then leave it be.
*Try not to express much surprise or confusion at how a tripper is feeling - avoid phrases like "I'm surprised you're still feeling this 20 hours on." Remember, the primary aim is reassurance.
*Negativity. Try to keep all discussion positive and as upbeat as possible. Being a stick in the mud is no good when people around you are tripping.
*Awkward or negative wording - It is obvious that negative input is clearly to be avoided when dealing with a "bad trip" situation, but it is easy to overlook how much of an impact the wording of your advice has on the tripper's mind. Avoid words with a generally negative conotation (for example, panic, death, etc...) and replace them with words that are easier to handle for a tripping brain. For example, "don't panic" can easily be replaced by "stay calm," which is more soothing. Keep wording simple and easy to understand.
*Avoid suggesting the use of harder drugs unless the situation is considered an emergency, or is too severe for any tripsitter to handle. A common example in a tripsitting situation is the suggestion of benzos to kill a trip - in most cases this is entirely unnecessary, and a good bit of personal tripsitting is all a user needs to be calmed.

==Other Useful Links==
*A quick intro guide to [[IRC_User_Guide#Basic_Commands|how the chat works and its commands]]
*A list of [[List_of_IRC_bot_commands|Tripbot commands]]
*A list of [[List_Of_Trip_Toys|Trip Toys]] (you can link to a random one with ~triptoy)

[[Category:Guides]]

Cold Water Extraction

2017-07-19T20:16:08Z

Trees: /* Quick Step-By-Step CWE */

=== Why Perform a Cold Water Extraction? ===
Many opioids such as Vicodin and Percocet contain other harmful drugs. A cold water extraction is most commonly used to remove paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen and hereafter referred to as APAP. CWE also works with aspirin and, to a lesser extent, ibuprofen, which are all very toxic in high doses and overdoses may result in permanent damage to your liver. APAP toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide, and in the US and UK, the most common cause of acute liver failure. A cold water extraction, hereafter referred to as a CWE, helps remove APAP from prescription pills. It is generally recommended that healthy adults take no more than 4 grams of APAP in a day, and not more than 1g APAP at once, but even lower doses can harm your liver.

Either way, we are glad you are here and hope these CWE steps are easy to follow. Stay safe and perform a CWE on your drugs!

=== How Extraction Works ===
The main idea is that APAP is hardly soluble in water. Most opioids however are very soluble in water.

APAP is soluble in methanol, ethanol, dimethyl-formamide, ethylene dichloride, acetone, ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in ether; very-slightly soluble in cold water, considerably more soluble in hot water. APAP is insoluble in petroleum ether, pentane, and benzene.

=== Preparing the extraction ===
The best temperature water to extract APAP or aspirin is roughly 10C/50F. Solubility is as follows:

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+ Solubility
! Type!! Solubility (31C/88F water)!! Solubility (21C/70F water)
|-
| Aspirin|| 1g/ 100ml|| 1g/300ml
|-
| APAP|| 1g/ 70ml|| 1g/ 159ml
|-
| Codeine|| 1g/2.3ml|| 1g/0.7ml
|}

As you can see, you can dissolve 20 tablets of APAP or aspirin in 50ml of warm water, then cool it to 10C/50F, filter the solution, and end up with roughly the same amount of codeine as the tables contained but only a fraction of the original amount of APAP and aspirin. Opioids are also very soluble in cold water. Extraction works because the the opioids will be dissolved into the cold water and leave the APAP, aspirin, or ibuprofen behind. Also, the aspirin will be able to be caught in your filter.

If you are using capsules, you will not need to crush your pills/tablets. Capsules are also easier to dissolve. If you don't have capsules, do crush your tablets/pills before performing the CWE.

=== Quick Step-By-Step CWE ===
This process is relatively quick aside from cooling the water. A CWE is as simple as crushing your tablets, dissolving them in water, and straining the mixture through a filter.

1. Crush the tablets into a fine powder. Minimize powder loss.
*Tip: Put your tablets in a Ziplock bag so you don't lose any!

2. Dissolve the powder into warm water. Get hot water from the tap (NOT too hot!), as boiling water may destroy the opioid. Put the water in a container/bowl with a wide surface area, which allows the mixture to cool faster. Add the powder you crushed to about 1/2 cup water.
*Tip: Its better to have too much water than not enough.

3. Let the mixture sit and cool to room temperature on the counter for about 10-20 minutes. Stir it every few minutes until it is completely dissolved.
*Tip: Don't rush this! Go watch tv or something if you have nothing else to do but watch the mixture dissolve!

4. Put the container/mixture into the freezer until cold. No need for a lid on the container. Leave it sit until it is extremely cold to the touch. Do not let it freeze or ice up! This process might take 20-25 minutes.

5. Filter your mixture. Use a pre wet coffee filter, cheesecloth, or even an aeropress. A handkerchief might work as well if you don't have any of those. Put the filter over the top of a cup and secure it with a rubber band or tape. SLOWLY pour the mixture into the filtered cup. Do not pour in too much water or touch the filter, as you make break it and have to redo the filtering.

6. When it appears like the filter is done dripping into the cup and there is nothing left to filter, you will then have a dense, marshmallow-like substance. You may choose to squeeze the contents of the old filters through a new filter to save any remaining moisture. Careful not to spill! You may also add more water to the marshmallow mash and re-filter it, but this step isn't necessary.

7. Bottoms up! Drink your mixture and throw away the APAP/ibuprofen/aspirin; most should have been successfully removed. The remaining concoction might be really bitter, so try mixing it with something sweet.

[[Category:Guides]]

List of staff and their roles

2017-07-17T18:43:22Z

Trees: /* Staff List */

If your name is on this list, feel free to add to your duties, responsibilities, and how you are contributing to the network or would like to contribute to the network!

If you wish to become part of the TripSit staff, please fill out an [[application]] and send it to a staff member (~staff application).

== Staff List ==

=== Administrators ===
* reality
* Teknos

=== Sysops ===
* Physical
* toasterlizard

=== Moderators ===
* aesirus
* bjorn
* Crystal
* ghost
* hibs
* Rubote
* Saga
* Sleep
* Scritch
* Trees
* TripMate

=== Tripsitters ===
* Itchy_Robot
* k1\\4
* King_of_Ireland
*LiVeen
* LucidityStill
* Manele
* PhilosophicalDuck
*SoundSpire
* Sykonaut
* TinFoil
* user54
*yondalar
* yorii

===Contributors===
* cyrilio
* Dread
* Xibeca

=== Bots ===
* thanatos - The IRC bot that loves to beep and go through logs!
* tripbot - The IRC bot you've come to know and love

=== VIP's and Special Exceptions ===
* Borax - Mod of [http://www.reddit.com/r/drugs /r/drugs] and drug knowledge consultant
* Bryce - Our [http://www.maps.org MAPS] partner
* Klafka - Our [http://dancesafe.org DanceSafe] partner

== Organisational Structure ==

Aside from primary staff positions, we organise ourselves based on a tree.

=== Concepts ===

====Trunk====
*Base of the team, responsible for making sure everything is running okay.
*reality, Teknos

====Branches====
*"Projects" or "teams" that work on their own objectives.
*Branch leaders report to admins on the status of projects and direct their team (leaves) on how to proceed.

====Leaves====
*Staff who work on projects with their branch leaders.

=== Branches and their Point of Contacts ===

====tripbot Branch====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Enhancing tripbot's code to better serve TripSit.
*Resources: [http://github.com/reality/dbot dbot], [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands commands], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/ web interface].

====TripSit App Branch====
*Branch Leader: Jimmycarr
*Description: Developing and maintaining the [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.tripsit.tripmobile TripSit app].
*Resources: #content

====Radio Branch====
*Branch Leader: Physical
*Description: Run the music community on TripSit. Manage TripSit.FM.
*Resources: [http://radio.tripsit.me TripSit Radio], #music.

====Steam Branch====
*Branch Leader: Teknos
*Description: Steam Game Group.
*Resources: [http://steamcommunity.com/groups/tripsit Steam Group], #gaming.

====TripSit Department of Psychonautical Informatics====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Continuing to update our Wiki and other resources to include useful harm reduction information for the world.
*Resources: [http://wiki.tripsit.me Wiki], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/factsheet Factsheets].

====Department of Psychonautics====
*Branch leader: Teknos
*Description: Getting attention to our network from the Psychonaut community.
*Resources: #psychonaut.

====Department of Benzodiazepines====
*Branch leader: ghost
*Description: Helping others learn more about all the different benzos and providing harm reduction using the same technique
*Resources: #benzos.

[[Category:TripSit]]

List of IRC bot commands

2017-07-12T16:15:43Z

Trees:

== TripBot ==
=== Common Commands ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~report <#channel> <user> <reason> || Report a <user> in a <#channel> for a <reason>. This command can either be run publicly in a channel or anonymously in a PM to tripbot. || /msg tripbot ~report #drugs JoeTheTroll Asking where to get stuff.
|-
| ~drug <drug> || Displays the properties of the <drug>, for example: summary, dose, duration, effects and more. || ~drug LSD
|-
| ~drug <drug> <property> || Displays <property> information || ~drug LSD dose
|-
| ~factsheet <drug> || Links to the factsheet of the <drug>. || ~factsheet LSD
|-
| ~bconvert <dosage> <benzo1> <benzo2> || Converts <dosage> of <benzo1> to <benzo2>. || ~bconvert 2mg xanax klonopin
|-
|}

=== TripSitting ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~tripsit <user> || Ask for help in #tripsit on behalf of the <user> in need help. Messages all tripsitters and posts a message in #drugs and #tripsitvip. <user> is optional. || ~tripsit TripSitMe_12345
|-
| ~gettripsitentries || After issuing this command, you will be PMed by tripbot when a new user comes into #tripsit and may need help. ||
|-
| ~notripsitentries || Turns off the above alert of new users in #tripsit. ||
|-
| ~clearmissing || If tripbot sends a private message saying you have missed notifies, this is a bug, and you can safely use this command to remove them. ||
|-
| ~recovery position|| Displays a link to an image on how to get into the recovery position. || http://imgur.com/nTEm0QE.png The recovery position is designed to prevent suffocation through obstruction of the airway
|}

=== Dosage Tracker ===

{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~idose <dose> <drug> <method> || Tripbot will remember the dose and the timing for you. [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands#Utility Make sure to set a timezone before using this], else the absolute time might be inaccurate. Relative time will still be accurate. '''Running this multiple times will overwrite the previous stored dose, since ''~set upidose true'' is currently broken.'''. || ~idose 100mg MDMA
|-
| ~lastdose || Tripbot responds with your latest dose, including drug, dose and timing. || <@tripbot>: You last dosed 100mg of MDMA 3 hours ago (22:00 on 13/05/2017).
|-
| <s>~set upidose <true/false></s> || '''Currently out of order''' When ~idose is used, tripbot will upload an encrypted version of your dose history to you || '''We hope to get this up and running as soon as possible'''
|-
|}

=== Quotes ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~qadd <category> = <quote> || Add a new <quote> to the <category> in the database, or creates a new <category> if it does not already exist. || ~qadd Jokes = A man walks into a bar and says "ouch".
|-
| The following modifiers can be used inside the quote text: || ~~category~~ - Includes text from a random quote in given category. || ~qadd Jokes = A man walks into a ~~noun~~ and says "ouch".
|-
| || ~~-nick-~~ - Includes the nick of the user displaying the quote. || ~qadd Jokes = ~~-nick-~~ walks into a bar and says "ouch".
|-
| || ~~-nicks-~~ - Includes the nick of a random user in the current channel. || ~qadd Jokes = ~~.nicks.~~ walks into a bar and says "ouch".
|-
| ~<category> || Display a random quote from a given <category>. || ~Jokes
|-
| ~qsearch <category> = <text> || Search a <category> for quotes including the given <text>. || ~qsearch Jokes = walks
|-
| ~link <category> || Use this command to get a URL to the indicated quote <category>. || ~link Jokes
|-
| ~qcount <category> || Show the number of quotes stored in the given <category>, or if called without a category it will show the total number of quotes in the database. || ~qcount Jokes
|-
| ~rmlast <category> || Remove the last quote added to a given <category>. || ~rmlast Jokes
|-
| ~rm <category> = <quote> || Remove a given <quote> from the given <category>. || ~rm Jokes = A man walks into a bar and says "ouch".
|-
| ~rq || Show a random quote from the database. ||
|-
| ~qstats || Displays quotes with the largest number of entries. ||
|-
|}

=== Entertainment ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~ri || Generate a random imgur image and post a link to it in the channel. Only returns images that are greater than 500x500 and omits common screen shot sizes. ||
|-
| ~sri || Uses imgur's built in API to return random results. Returns less random images that generally have large numbers of views and are tagged. ||
|-
| ~lri || The truly random imgur search. ||
|-
| ~ud <word> || Returns the first Urban Dictionary definition for the <word> provided. || ~ud TripSit
|-
| ~xkcd <number> || Returns a link to the xkcd comic <number> specified, or the latest one if <number> is not given. || ~xkcd 1173
|-
| ~rt <move> || Searches rotten tomatoes for the given <movie>. || ~rt Toy Story
|-
| ~listening <user> || Displays the last track the <user> listened to. || ~listening Teknos
|-
| ~set lastfm <username> || Assigns your Last.FM <username> to tripbot for the above command. || ~set lastfm TeknosMusic
|-
| ~say <target> <message> || Send the <target>, which may be a channel or a user, a <message>. || ~say Teknos Hello!
|-
| ~flashy <colour> <message> || Gives a link to a page that shows the <message> flashing in <colour>. || ~flashy blue hello
|-
|}

=== Utility ===
{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Syntax
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Description
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Example
|-
| ~set timezone <timezone> || Set a <timezone>. See here for <timezone> names: http://momentjs.com/timezone/ || ~set timezone America/Chicago
|-
| ~time || Dispays your current <time>. ||
|-
| ~time <user> || Displays the <time> of the <user>. || ~time Teknos
|-
| ~usage <command> || Show usage information for a given <command>. || ~usage time
|-
| ~help <command>|<module> || Link module help for a <module> given either the module name or the name of a <command> belonging to a <module>. || help qadd
|-
| ~ignore <module> || Ignore a given <module>. If the user does not specify a <module>, or provides an invalid one a list of modules which are available to ignore will be given. <Modules> you can ignore are: spotify, github, js, link, quotes, report, spelling, poll, regex, youare, kick. || ~ignore spelling
|-
| ~unignore <module> || Unignore a previously ignored< module>. If you does not specify a <module>, or provide an invalid choice, a list of modules which are currently ignored will be given. || ~unignore spelling
|-
| ~wr <word> || Sends a search <word> to Wolfram Alpha and returns the result. || ~wr 20f to c
|-
| ~js <things and stuff> || For regular users, there is the ~js command, which is completely sandboxed, but can still be used for calculation and the like. ||
|-
| Spelling Corrections || Allows you to run regex replaces on both your own and others messages. One may run a regex on their own last message like so: || > user: I like turtles
|-
| || || > user: s/turtles/pizza/
|-
| || One may run a regex on another user's last message simple by highlighting the nick before the pattern: || > batman: I like TURTLES
|-
| || || > user: batman: s/turtles/pizza/i
|-
|}

Cold Water Extraction

2017-04-01T01:26:56Z

Trees: /* How Extraction Works */

=== Why Perform a Cold Water Extraction? ===
Many opioids such as Vicodin and Percocet contain other harmful drugs. A cold water extraction is most commonly used to remove paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen and hereafter referred to as APAP. CWE also works with aspirin and, to a lesser extent, ibuprofen, which are all very toxic in high doses and overdoses may result in permanent damage to your liver. APAP toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide, and in the US and UK, the most common cause of acute liver failure. A cold water extraction, hereafter referred to as a CWE, helps remove APAP from prescription pills. It is generally recommended that healthy adults take no more than 4 grams of APAP in a day, and not more than 1g APAP at once, but even lower doses can harm your liver.

Either way, we are glad you are here and hope these CWE steps are easy to follow. Stay safe and perform a CWE on your drugs!

=== How Extraction Works ===
The main idea is that APAP is hardly soluble in water. Most opioids however are very soluble in water.

APAP is soluble in methanol, ethanol, dimethyl-formamide, ethylene dichloride, acetone, ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in ether; very-slightly soluble in cold water, considerably more soluble in hot water. APAP is insoluble in petroleum ether, pentane, and benzene.

=== Preparing the extraction ===
The best temperature water to extract APAP or aspirin is roughly 10C/50F. Solubility is as follows:

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+ Solubility
! Type!! Solubility (31C/88F water)!! Solubility (21C/70F water)
|-
| Aspirin|| 1g/ 100ml|| 1g/300ml
|-
| APAP|| 1g/ 70ml|| 1g/ 159ml
|-
| Codeine|| 1g/2.3ml|| 1g/0.7ml
|}

As you can see, you can dissolve 20 tablets of APAP or aspirin in 50ml of warm water, then cool it to 10C/50F, filter the solution, and end up with roughly the same amount of codeine as the tables contained but only a fraction of the original amount of APAP and aspirin. Opioids are also very soluable in cold water. Extraction works because the the opioids will be dissolved into the cold water and leave the APAP, aspirin, or ibuprofen behind. Also, the aspirin will be able to be caught in your filter.

If you are using capsules, you will not need to crush your pills/tablets. Capsules are also easier to dissolve. If you don't have capsules, do crush your tablets/pills before performing the CWE.

=== Quick Step-By-Step CWE ===
This process is relatively quick aside from cooling the water. A CWE is as simple as crushing your tablets, dissolving them in water, and straining the mixture through a filter.

1. Crush the tablets into a fine powder. Minimize powder loss.
*Tip: Put your tablets in a Ziplock bag so you don't lose any!

2. Dissolve the powder into warm water. Get hot water from the tap (NOT too hot!), as boiling water may destroy the opioid. Put the water in a container/bowl with a wide surface area, which allows the mixture to cool faster. Add the powder you crushed to about 1/2 cup water.
*Tip: Its better to have too much water than not enough.

3. Let the mixture sit and cool to room temperature on the counter for about 10-20 minutes. Stir it every few minutes until it is completely dissolved.
*Tip: Don't rush this! Go watch tv or something if you have nothing else to do but watch the mixture dissolve!

4. Put the container/mixture into the freezer until cold. No need for a lid on the container. Leave it sit until it is extremely cold to the touch. Do not let it freeze or ice up! This process might take 20-25 minutes.

5. Filter your mixture. Use a pre wet coffee filter, cheesecloth, or even an aeropress. A handkerchief might work as well if you don't have any of those. Put the filter over the top of a cup and secure it with a rubber band or tape. SLOWLY pour the mixture into the filtered cup. Do not pour in too much water or touch the filter, as you make break it and have to redo the filtering.

6. When it appears like the filter is done dripping into the cup and there is nothing left to filter, you will then have a dense, marshmallow-like substance. You may choose to squeeze the contents of the old filters through a new filter to save any remaining moisture. Careful not to spill! You may also had more water to the marshmallow mash and re-filter it, but this step isn't necessary.

7. Bottoms up! Drink your mixture and throw away the APAP/ibuprofen/aspirin; most should have been successfully removed. The remaining concoction might be really bitter, so try mixing it with something sweet.

[[Category:Guides]]

Kratom

2016-08-30T18:18:11Z

Trees: /* Legal status */

[[File:Kratom_dried_leaf.jpg|350px|right]]

The '''Kratom''' leaf is a psychoactive, traditionally chewed to provide euphoria. Its leaves contain 7-Hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine which act as a μ-opioid receptor agonist like morphine, and can be used to treat chronic pain. The leaves are chewed as an opioid substitute and stimulant in Thailand and especially in the southern peninsula. Kratom is also used in neighboring countries in Southeast Asia where it grows naturally, primarily among the working class. As traditionally used, kratom is not seen as a drug and there is no stigma associated with kratom use or discrimination against kratom eaters. They can also be smoked, brewed as a tea, or made into an extract. It has a relatively long history of human use.

== History ==

Kratom appears to have been used in Thailand for centuries, recreationally and as an antidiarrhetic. Its use as an opiate substitute in Malaysia was reported in the nineteenth century. Peasants have used it to counteract the tedium of physical labor, similar to the use of coca in South America. The chemistry of its alkaloids was investigated in the 1920s, and mitragynine was isolated in 1923. Kratom leaves became part of the ethnobotanical trade in the United States and Europe in mid 2000. In the early 2000s, stories about the use of kratom to reduce opiod withdrawal effects began circulating on web forums.

== Overview of different strains ==

'''Bali'''- Euphoric and the most classic opiate like among the strains of kratom.

'''Maeng Da''' - Energizing and stimulating with pain killing effects.

'''Red Vein Thai'''- Similar to Bali with fewer negative side effects.

'''Super Indo'''- Similar to Bali with less euphoria.

'''Super Green Malaysian'''- Varies between suppliers but is typically more stimulating with little euphoria.

'''Ultra Enhanced Indo'''- Most euphoric of the extracts and works well for reducing social anxiety.

'''Thai Essence'''- Somewhat weaker than Ultra Enhanced Indo by weight with a bit of a Maeng Da kick.

'''Full Spectrum Tincture''' (FST) - The original likely had synthetic 7-hydroxymitragynine but current formulations are basically Ultra Enhanced Indo in liquid form.

== Dosage ==

Kratom leaves differ greatly in potency, depending on the type, grade, and freshness. Leaves with green veins are often claimed to be more potent than those with red veins, but there is contradictory evidence.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Enhanced)
|-
| Threshold || 1g
|-
| Light || 1-2g
|-
| Common || 2-3g
|-
| Strong || 3-6g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Super)
|-
| Threshold || 1-2g
|-
| Light || 2-4g
|-
| Common || 3-5g
|-
| Strong || 4-8g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Premium)
|-
| Threshold || 2-4g
|-
| Light || 3-5g
|-
| Common || 4-10g
|-
| Strong || 8-15g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Low Potency)
|-
| Threshold|| 3-7g
|-
| Light || 5-10g
|-
| Common || 10-20g
|-
| Strong || 20-50g
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 5-15 minutes
|-
| Duration || 2-5 hours
|-
| After-effects || 3-6 hours
|}

== Effects ==

The effects of Mitragyna speciosa are described as being a combination of both stimulation and sedation. The stimulatory effects may be shorter in duration than the sedation effect, coming on faster and fading sooner.

=== Postive ===

* Simultaneous stimulation & sedation

* Feelings of empathy

* Feelings of euphoria

* Aphrodisiac qualities for some people

* Vivid waking dreams

* Useful with physical labor

* Low doses can result in a lasting "glow" in some people, feeling better than normal the next day

* Increases sociability and talkativeness

=== Neutral ===

* Relatively short duration

* Change in ability to focus eyes

* Analgesia

=== Negative ===

* Very bitter taste

* Dizziness, nausea and/or vomiting at higher doses

* Mild depression during and/or after

* Increase in (perceived) body temperature. (feel hot and sweaty)

* Hangover similar to alcohol, including headaches and sometimes nausea (at higher doses)

* Desire to repeat experience more frequently than intended, can lead to addiction

* Tolerance building quickly after a few days in a row of repeated use, tolerance to effects reduces with a one to three days of abstinence

* Psychosis

* Convulsions

* Hallucinations

* Confusion (rare)

* Loss of appetite, and weight loss (chronic use)

* Constipation (chronic use)

* Darkening of the skin color of the face (chronic use)

Chronic users have also reported withdrawal symptoms including irritability, runny nose and diarrhea. Withdrawal is generally short-lived and mild, and it may be effectively treated with dihydrocodeine and lofexidine.

== Harm Reduction ==

* Do not drive or operate heavy machinery.

* Do not combine with opioids.

* Do not combine with benzodiazapines.

* Do not combine with any other CNS depressant.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

Kratom leaves contain the indole alkaloids mitragynine, mitraphylline, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and numerous other alkaloids, including paynanthine, speciogynine, and speciofoline. Mitragynine has traditionally been cited as the primary active chemical in kratom leaves, but some recent evidence points to 7-hydroxymitragynine instead. The pharmacological effects of kratom on humans are not well studied. Its metabolic half-life, protein binding, and elimination characteristics are all unknown. Kratom behaves as a μ-opioid receptor agonist, similar to opiates like morphine, although its effects differ significantly from those of opiates.

Mitragynine is a partial agonist of the mu- and delta-opioid receptors. This may account for its apparent efficacy in treating opiate withdrawal (see [http://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=7348 Erowid]). Because kratom acts as both a stimulant and a sedative, secondary alkaloids may be pharmacologically important.

== Legal status ==

In late August of 2016 the [https://s3.amazonaws.com/public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2016-20803.pdf DEA issued a statement] indicating intention to place Kratom on Schedule I of the US Controlled Substances Act in the temporary scheduling category. The ban is set to come into effect September 30th 2016.

Kratom is currently a controlled substance in Thailand, Malaysia, Denmark, Israel, Myanmar, New Zealand, Romania, Russia and South Korea.

== Links ==

http://www.erowid.org/plants/kratom/kratom.shtml

http://www.sagewisdom.org/kratomguide.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9-TrCUTg_0 Overview + Safety Guide by PsychedSubstance]

[[Category:Drugs]]

[[Category:Stimulant]]

[[Category:Depressant]]

[[Category:Opioid]]

Kratom

2016-08-30T18:15:27Z

Trees: Added upcomming DEA temp-ban scheduling of Kratom

[[File:Kratom_dried_leaf.jpg|350px|right]]

The '''Kratom''' leaf is a psychoactive, traditionally chewed to provide euphoria. Its leaves contain 7-Hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine which act as a μ-opioid receptor agonist like morphine, and can be used to treat chronic pain. The leaves are chewed as an opioid substitute and stimulant in Thailand and especially in the southern peninsula. Kratom is also used in neighboring countries in Southeast Asia where it grows naturally, primarily among the working class. As traditionally used, kratom is not seen as a drug and there is no stigma associated with kratom use or discrimination against kratom eaters. They can also be smoked, brewed as a tea, or made into an extract. It has a relatively long history of human use.

== History ==

Kratom appears to have been used in Thailand for centuries, recreationally and as an antidiarrhetic. Its use as an opiate substitute in Malaysia was reported in the nineteenth century. Peasants have used it to counteract the tedium of physical labor, similar to the use of coca in South America. The chemistry of its alkaloids was investigated in the 1920s, and mitragynine was isolated in 1923. Kratom leaves became part of the ethnobotanical trade in the United States and Europe in mid 2000. In the early 2000s, stories about the use of kratom to reduce opiod withdrawal effects began circulating on web forums.

== Overview of different strains ==

'''Bali'''- Euphoric and the most classic opiate like among the strains of kratom.

'''Maeng Da''' - Energizing and stimulating with pain killing effects.

'''Red Vein Thai'''- Similar to Bali with fewer negative side effects.

'''Super Indo'''- Similar to Bali with less euphoria.

'''Super Green Malaysian'''- Varies between suppliers but is typically more stimulating with little euphoria.

'''Ultra Enhanced Indo'''- Most euphoric of the extracts and works well for reducing social anxiety.

'''Thai Essence'''- Somewhat weaker than Ultra Enhanced Indo by weight with a bit of a Maeng Da kick.

'''Full Spectrum Tincture''' (FST) - The original likely had synthetic 7-hydroxymitragynine but current formulations are basically Ultra Enhanced Indo in liquid form.

== Dosage ==

Kratom leaves differ greatly in potency, depending on the type, grade, and freshness. Leaves with green veins are often claimed to be more potent than those with red veins, but there is contradictory evidence.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Enhanced)
|-
| Threshold || 1g
|-
| Light || 1-2g
|-
| Common || 2-3g
|-
| Strong || 3-6g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Super)
|-
| Threshold || 1-2g
|-
| Light || 2-4g
|-
| Common || 3-5g
|-
| Strong || 4-8g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Premium)
|-
| Threshold || 2-4g
|-
| Light || 3-5g
|-
| Common || 4-10g
|-
| Strong || 8-15g
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral (Low Potency)
|-
| Threshold|| 3-7g
|-
| Light || 5-10g
|-
| Common || 10-20g
|-
| Strong || 20-50g
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 5-15 minutes
|-
| Duration || 2-5 hours
|-
| After-effects || 3-6 hours
|}

== Effects ==

The effects of Mitragyna speciosa are described as being a combination of both stimulation and sedation. The stimulatory effects may be shorter in duration than the sedation effect, coming on faster and fading sooner.

=== Postive ===

* Simultaneous stimulation & sedation

* Feelings of empathy

* Feelings of euphoria

* Aphrodisiac qualities for some people

* Vivid waking dreams

* Useful with physical labor

* Low doses can result in a lasting "glow" in some people, feeling better than normal the next day

* Increases sociability and talkativeness

=== Neutral ===

* Relatively short duration

* Change in ability to focus eyes

* Analgesia

=== Negative ===

* Very bitter taste

* Dizziness, nausea and/or vomiting at higher doses

* Mild depression during and/or after

* Increase in (perceived) body temperature. (feel hot and sweaty)

* Hangover similar to alcohol, including headaches and sometimes nausea (at higher doses)

* Desire to repeat experience more frequently than intended, can lead to addiction

* Tolerance building quickly after a few days in a row of repeated use, tolerance to effects reduces with a one to three days of abstinence

* Psychosis

* Convulsions

* Hallucinations

* Confusion (rare)

* Loss of appetite, and weight loss (chronic use)

* Constipation (chronic use)

* Darkening of the skin color of the face (chronic use)

Chronic users have also reported withdrawal symptoms including irritability, runny nose and diarrhea. Withdrawal is generally short-lived and mild, and it may be effectively treated with dihydrocodeine and lofexidine.

== Harm Reduction ==

* Do not drive or operate heavy machinery.

* Do not combine with opioids.

* Do not combine with benzodiazapines.

* Do not combine with any other CNS depressant.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

Kratom leaves contain the indole alkaloids mitragynine, mitraphylline, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and numerous other alkaloids, including paynanthine, speciogynine, and speciofoline. Mitragynine has traditionally been cited as the primary active chemical in kratom leaves, but some recent evidence points to 7-hydroxymitragynine instead. The pharmacological effects of kratom on humans are not well studied. Its metabolic half-life, protein binding, and elimination characteristics are all unknown. Kratom behaves as a μ-opioid receptor agonist, similar to opiates like morphine, although its effects differ significantly from those of opiates.

Mitragynine is a partial agonist of the mu- and delta-opioid receptors. This may account for its apparent efficacy in treating opiate withdrawal (see [http://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=7348 Erowid]). Because kratom acts as both a stimulant and a sedative, secondary alkaloids may be pharmacologically important.

== Legal status ==

In late August of 2016 the [https://s3.amazonaws.com/public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2016-20803.pdf DEA issued a statement] indicating intention to place Kratom on Schedule I of the US Controlled Substances Act in the temporary scheduling category. The ban is set to come into effect September 30th 2016.

It is currently an controlled substance in Thailand, Malaysia, Denmark, Israel, Myanmar, New Zealand, Romania, Russia and South Korea.

Formerly, Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) was an uncontrolled substance in the United States. This means all parts of the plant and its extracts were legal to cultivate, buy, possess, and distribute (sell, trade or give) without a license or prescription. If sold as a supplement, sales had to conform to U.S. supplement laws. If sold for consumption as a food or drug, sales were regulated by the FDA.

== Links ==

http://www.erowid.org/plants/kratom/kratom.shtml

http://www.sagewisdom.org/kratomguide.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9-TrCUTg_0 Overview + Safety Guide by PsychedSubstance]

[[Category:Drugs]]

[[Category:Stimulant]]

[[Category:Depressant]]

[[Category:Opioid]]

Staff Commands

2016-04-30T16:51:13Z

Trees:

{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Moderating
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" |
|-
|| ~notify [#channel] <message>
| colspan="2" | Notify staff of a channel of a message. This can be run in either PM or in the channel.
|-
|| ~quiet [time] [#channel] <user> [reason]
| colspan="2" |
|-
|| ~unquiet [#channel] <user>
| colspan="2" |
|-
|| ~warn <user> <reason>
| colspan="2" | This will add a warning to the user and show a link to all warnings of that user in #tripsit.me.
|-
|| ~rmwarning <user> = <warn>
| colspan="2" |
|-
|~nban [time] <user> [reason] [#kline or #specialk]
|colspan="2" | Ban a user from the network. #kline and #specialk tags will also automatically k-line the user.
|-
|| ~nunban <user> [reason]
| colspan="2" | Unban a user from the network.
|-
|| ~ban <user> [command]
| colspan="2" | Ban a user from using a command. Command may be replaced with '*,' which will ban a user from use of all commands. Users banned from all commands will still be subject to module listeners.
|-
|| ~unban <user> [command]
| colspan="2" | Unban a user from using a given command. If a user was previously banned using the '*' wildcard, they may also be unbanned from such by replacing command with an asterisk here as well.
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Users
! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" |
|-
|| ~alias [user]
| colspan="2" | If an alias is provided, this command will return the primary user for which this is an alias for. If a primary user is provided, it will return a confirmation of this fact and a count of how many aliases belong to the user.
|-
|| ~setaliasparent <newparent>
| colspan="2" | Set a nick which is currently serving as an alias to the primary user, while setting what was previously the primary user as an alias of the new primary user. Requires moderator level access by default.
|-
|| ~mergeusers <primaryuser> <secondaryuser>
| colspan="2" | This command merges two nicks which are recorded as primary users into one user. The secondary user and all of their aliases will be merged under primaryuser. Requires moderator level access by default.
|}

Cold Water Extraction

2016-04-18T04:06:24Z

Trees: /* Quick Step-By-Step CWE */

=== Why Perform a Cold Water Extraction? ===
Many opioids such as Vicodin and Percocet contain other harmful drugs. A cold water extraction is most commonly used to remove paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen and hereafter referred to as APAP. CWE also works with aspirin and, to a lesser extent, ibuprofen, which are all very toxic in high doses and overdoses may result in permanent damage to your liver. APAP toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide, and in the US and UK, the most common cause of acute liver failure. A cold water extraction, hereafter referred to as a CWE, helps remove APAP from prescription pills. It is generally recommended that healthy adults take no more than 4 grams of APAP in a day, and not more than 1g APAP at once, but even lower doses can harm your liver.

Either way, we are glad you are here and hope these CWE steps are easy to follow. Stay safe and perform a CWE on your drugs!

=== How Extraction Works ===
The main idea is that APAP is hardly soluble in water. Most opioids however are very soluble in water.

APAP is soluble in methanol, ethanol, dimethyl-formamide, ethylene dichloride, acetone, ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in ether; very soluble in cold water, considerably more soluble in hot water. APAP is insoluble in petroleum ether, pentane, and benzene.

=== Preparing the extraction ===
The best temperature water to extract APAP or aspirin is roughly 10C/50F. Solubility is as follows:

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+ Solubility
! Type!! Solubility (31C/88F water)!! Solubility (21C/70F water)
|-
| Aspirin|| 1g/ 100ml|| 1g/300ml
|-
| APAP|| 1g/ 70ml|| 1g/ 159ml
|-
| Codeine|| 1g/2.3ml|| 1g/0.7ml
|}

As you can see, you can dissolve 20 tablets of APAP or aspirin in 50ml of warm water, then cool it to 10C/50F, filter the solution, and end up with roughly the same amount of codeine as the tables contained but only a fraction of the original amount of APAP and aspirin. Opioids are also very soluable in cold water. Extraction works because the the opioids will be dissolved into the cold water and leave the APAP, aspirin, or ibuprofen behind. Also, the aspirin will be able to be caught in your filter.

If you are using capsules, you will not need to crush your pills/tablets. Capsules are also easier to dissolve. If you don't have capsules, do crush your tablets/pills before performing the CWE.

=== Quick Step-By-Step CWE ===
This process is relatively quick aside from cooling the water. A CWE is as simple as crushing your tablets, dissolving them in water, and straining the mixture through a filter.

1. Crush the tablets into a fine powder. Minimize powder loss.
*Tip: Put your tablets in a Ziplock bag so you don't lose any!

2. Dissolve the powder into warm water. Get hot water from the tap (NOT too hot!), as boiling water may destroy the opioid. Put the water in a container/bowl with a wide surface area, which allows the mixture to cool faster. Add the powder you crushed to about 1/2 cup water.
*Tip: Its better to have too much water than not enough.

3. Let the mixture sit and cool to room temperature on the counter for about 10-20 minutes. Stir it every few minutes until it is completely dissolved.
*Tip: Don't rush this! Go watch tv or something if you have nothing else to do but watch the mixture dissolve!

4. Put the container/mixture into the freezer until cold. No need for a lid on the container. Leave it sit until it is extremely cold to the touch. Do not let it freeze or ice up! This process might take 20-25 minutes.

5. Filter your mixture. Use a pre wet coffee filter, cheesecloth, or even an aeropress. A handkerchief might work as well if you don't have any of those. Put the filter over the top of a cup and secure it with a rubber band or tape. SLOWLY pour the mixture into the filtered cup. Do not pour in too much water or touch the filter, as you make break it and have to redo the filtering.

6. When it appears like the filter is done dripping into the cup and there is nothing left to filter, you will then have a dense, marshmallow-like substance. You may choose to squeeze the contents of the old filters through a new filter to save any remaining moisture. Careful not to spill! You may also had more water to the marshmallow mash and re-filter it, but this step isn't necessary.

7. Bottoms up! Drink your mixture and throw away the APAP/ibuprofen/aspirin; most should have been successfully removed. The remaining concoction might be really bitter, so try mixing it with something sweet.

[[Category:Guides]]

Main Page

2015-10-13T20:38:48Z

Trees: /* Drug Knowledge */

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Welcome to TripSit Wiki!}}
<table style="display:block;" cellpadding=0>
<tr>
<td valign=top width=30% bgcolor=#f1f1f1>
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*Main pages for drug classes:
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</td>
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DXM

2015-03-30T19:13:43Z

Trees: /* First Plateau */

[[File:Romilarad.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Romilar 1968 Ad]]

'''Dextromethorphan''' (also known as 'DXM', 'DM' or 'robo') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough treatment) which when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug which also has some psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at needed doses found in many brands of cough medication make for a chemical which must be used with caution.

It's mechanism of action is via multiple effects, including actions as a nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and a sigma-1 receptor agonist. DXM and it's major metabolite, dextrorphan, also act as an NMDA receptor antagonist at high doses, which produces effects similar to, yet distinct from, the dissociative states created by other dissociative anaesthetics such as [[Ketamine]] and [[PCP]].

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or Opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Proper occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== History ==
The racemic parent compound racemorphan was first described in a Swiss and US patent application from Hoffmann-La Roche in 1946 and 1947, respectively; a patent was granted in 1950. A resolution of the two isomers of racemorphan with tartaric acid was published in 1952, and DXM was successfully tested in 1954 as part of US Navy and CIA-funded research on nonaddictive substitutes for codeine. The FDA approved DXM in 1958 after research supported its legitimacy and effectiveness as a cough suppressant. After its approval, it was introduced as an OTC medication under the name Romilar, which was introduced as a replacement for codeine containing cough remedies in an effort to cut down on abuse. In early 1960s Beat poets Allen Ginsberg and Peter Orlovsky, musicians such as Daevid Allen Soft Machine, and alternative authors such as Jack Kerouac known to have used DXM in the form of Romilar. In 1973, Romilar was taken off the shelves after a burst in sales because of frequent misuse, and was replaced by cough syrup in an attempt to cut down on abuse. In 1975, the popularity and extensive abuse of DXM was recognized, and Romilar was removed from the OTC market. However, DXM was specifically excluded from the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) of 1970, therefore, it was still legal to produce and use. A few years after its removal from OTC, companies began introducing refined DXM products (e.g., Robitussin, Vicks-44, Dextrotussion) that were designed to limit recreational use by creating an unpleasant taste if consumed in large quantities. Within a short time those same manufactures began to produce forms of DXM with "some appealing flavoring," which led at least one researcher to suggest that the cycle of recreational abuse may be repeated. In 1996, DXM HBr powder could be purchased in bulk from online retailers, allowing users to avoid consuming DXM in syrup preparations.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

=== Extracted ===

The ideal source of DXM would be an extraction, but that requires time and a chemical procedure which most people are not equipped to do. It's not a complicated process however it does carry some risks in itself. There is a technique known as the 'Agent Lemon extraction'.

=== Syrup ===

Cough syrup is the most common source for DXM users. While there are many brand name and no-name syrups which only contain DXM as an active ingredient there are many active and "inactive" ingredients commonly found in cough syrups which can cause negative effects ranging in severity. See [[DXM#HarmReduction|Harm Reduction]] for more information.

Some say the high produced from syrup is mostly sedating. You may feel sluggish when using it to get high on DXM, possibly as a result of other ingredients found in syrup however because of the even dispersion of DXM throughout the syrup it is said to produce a more 'solid' trip.

===Gel Caps===

DXM Gelcaps such as RobitussinDM Gelcaps or other no-name brand products containing only DXM encased in a gelcap are often the preferred source for DXM users. For most users gelcaps which contain only DXM produce a more clear headed high in lower doses. Most users experience fewer side effects from gelcaps than from syrup however some users report an upset stomach from the gelcaps, indicating that some users may have a sensitivity to the edible plastics used to make the gelcaps.

===Lozenges===

There are also sore-throat and cough medications containing DXM which exist in the form of a hard-candy like lozenge. These sometimes contain only DXM, however most brands of DXM lozenges also contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or benzocaine. Some brands such as '''Cordicin Cough and Cold''' (also known as '''CCC''') have a variety of products, most of which contain other active ingredients such as antihistamines or CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) and may have one or two products which contain only DXM.

WARNING: Cordicin Cough & Cold is one of the most commonly used sources of DXM, and also one of the most dangerous. Nearly every single CCC product contains other active ingredients such as CPM, which can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms including seizures, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, weakness, loss of consciousness, severe dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, bleeding from the skin, mouth, eyes, rectum and vagina, and possibly death.

https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_info2.shtml

As always when using lozenges always choose a product which only has DXM in it.

===Delsym===

Delsym is brand with many formulations which contain Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM which produced a longer lasting trip with weaker effects. It is said to be impossible to reach the third plateau using DXM which may be preferable for this reason to beginners or users who would prefer a longer and weaker trip.

== Dosage ==

'''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. See [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] for easy dosing.
Dosage refers to DXM HBR. HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate. (1mg of DXM polistirex is equivalent to about 6mg DXM HBR)

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 100-200mg
|-
| Common || 200-400mg
|-
| Strong || 300-600mg
|-
| Heavy || 600-1500mg
|-
| Risk of death || 2.2g+
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Total || 6-8 hours
|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised.

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guestimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in.

=== Predosing ===

One should make sure there is only DXM in the product they are taking. Grapefruit juice can potentiate dxm due to intactions with cytochrome P450.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref>

== Effects ==
The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and subsequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, however higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive presence. At high doses your mind becomes as big as the universe. Strong experiences of detachment, depersonalization, and out-of-body experiences are commonly experienced with DXM at higher doses. These all-encompassing states are startling and uncomfortable for some.

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift
* Increased giggling and laughing
* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)
* Creative dream-like experiences
* Increased tactile sensation
* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation
* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)
* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations
* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)
* Confusion, disorientation
* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations
* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"
* Discoordination, reduced agility
* Loss of appetite
* Involuntary flexing of muscles
* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting
* Dizzyness
* Body itching
* Rash, red blotchy skin
* Diarrhea
* Fever
* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)
* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others

=== After-Effects ===

* Some users report hangover or depression that might last up to a few days.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once. You can still walk but forget about running or balance. Imagine the large muscles in your body all tensing up at once, so to walk you don't try to move your leg, you try and relax it in the way you want to go. Detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you hit the third you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

== Plateaus ==
There are four 'stages' to DXM trips called '''plateaus'''. The first two are very similar, and the last two are similar.

There are two kind of trips: Sub third and beyond second plateau. If you take a first or second plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses. Since you're dissociating yourself, you can remove yourself from awkward social situations or chaotic events. It would also be fun to chill in your room and play a video game and listen to music. The music will get better and you'll get more spacey. If you take a third or fourth plateau dose, it's recommend to trip alone, as it's not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed. If you've ever meditated, you know how your mind can wander without your control. On DXM, you have a tendency to 'unlock' hidden memories. So the best thing is to let your mind take you where it wants to go. It usually knows whats best.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your mind.

=== First Plateau ===

The first plateau is the lightest in effect. It feels a bit 'off', and is often likened to something of a cross between the effects of [[MDA]] and Alcohol. First plateau is usually slightly stimulating.

Effects commonly experienced at the first plateau level

* A shift in thinking perspective; things look and feel 'different'
* Increased tactile sensation
* Increased appreciation of music
* Feeling heavy, sensation of increased body weight
* Enhanced emotional response & sensitivity
* Some dizziness or vertigo

'''First Plateau dose: 1-2mg/lb.'''

=== Second Plateau ===

You feel like your stoned. Your consciousness feels like it's distancing itself from reality, like it's taking a 'step back' into yourself. The second is supposed to be fun, it's introducing you to the idea that reality is a dream. Music is awesome to listen to and you can walk outside and perhaps hallucinate a small-mild amount. You can socialize with friends and they might take you for sober, or you could say you're slightly drunk.

'''Second Plateau dose: 2-5mg/lb.'''

'''Transitional'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the final two are not really 'fun' but 'enlightening'. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from games of the mind to exercises of the consciousness. Enjoy the 2nd plat as long as you can because right now it's more of a fun experience and there is no going back once you've been here. It's like once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show.
Not to say that its not enjoyable, but it looses it's fun charm.

=== Third Plateau ===
This is where you start tripping. You cannot ignore the feeling inside of you. At this point its no longer a social drug and should be done by yourself or with a sitter. This is most akin to an acid trip: it feels very distorted and lasts a couple hours. The third plateau isn't 'party-mode' or even 'socialize-mode'. Its more like 'alone-and-tripping-mode'.
Inside your mind is an entirely new universe to explore. You think of water and an ocean appears. You create universes and live lifetimes inside your mind.
That's what the higher plateaus do.
'''Third Plateau dose: 5-7.5mg/lb.'''

=== Fourth Plateau ===
This is the deep meditative state. Few people enjoy going this far, as all you can really do (or want to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and become god. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them.

'''Fourth Plateau dose: 7.5-10mg/lb.'''

== Harm Reduction ==

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Dangerous Ingredients Commonly Used in DXM Products ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains /only/ DXM.

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

* : Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP is a painkiller commonly found in over the counter flu medication, and is used in many Tylenol and Panadol brand products.
: Acetaminophen/paracetamol/APAP is hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses.
:: Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated.
:: Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called
:: cytochrome P450. ::: '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''

The effects of an acetaminophen overdose may not be apparent for up to sixteen hours after the user has ingested the APAP! This makes APAP overdose even more dangerous because of the chance that a user might take more or not take notice after thinking they are 'in the clear'.

'''Under no circumstances should anyone attempt to use any DXM product containing 'Paracetamol', also known as 'APAP' & 'Acetaminophen'!'''

* '''Guaifenesin''' is an expectorant. It works by causing the lungs to produce more fluid, making it easier to cough up phlegm.
: Guaifenesin is added to many OTC cough, cold and flu medications to help treat the 'stuffed up' feeling which often found in viruses and colds.

: Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users. Some users report being able to use products which contain some guaifensin and
: other users report no negative effects from guaifenesin containing products.
: '''It is strongly recommended to avoid products which contain Guaifenesin when using DXM!'''

* '''Antihistamines''' such as '''[[DPH|Diphenhydramine]]''' are often found in sleep-aids, night-time formulations of cold medications and allergy medications.
: Antihistamines are sometimes found with DXM in night or 'PM' versions of products, and should generally be avoided when using DXM. When taken in
: high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines, OTC or prescription
: can also have a dangerous synergy with some of the effects produced by DXM.

* '''Food Coloring & other "Inactive" Ingredients'''
: Many DXM products contain dyes which can cause allergic reactions in some users. Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be
: required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions.

: Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemical used to make them taste sweet.
: '''Glucose, sucrose, invert sugar, and fructose''' are commonly used sweetening agents. These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions
: such as diabetes or hypoglycemia.

: Thickening agents such as '''propylene glycol''' or '''polyethylene glycol''' are found in most cough syrups. These are not toxic but may cause an upset stomach
: when consumed in large doses.

=== Interactions ===
DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including some analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

DXM has the potential to cause [[Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]], MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]], [[MDA]], [[Mephedrone]], etc. Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.
* See [[Drug_Combinations|Drug combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

IUPAC:(4bS,8aR,9S)-3-Methoxy-11-methyl-6,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene.

Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotartory enantiomer of levomethophan, which is the methyl ether of levophanol, both opioid analgesics.

=== Pharmacodynamics ===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Binding receptors
|-
| NMDA - 7253
|-
| SERT - 2015
|-
| NET - 110606
|-
| Sigma-1 - 23
|-
| Sigma-2 - 240
|}

=== Pharmacokinectics ===

Following oral dosing, DXM is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Where it enters the bloodstream, and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

At therapeutic doses, DXM acts centrally (brain) as opposed to locally (Respiratory tract). It's rapidly absorbed from the GI tract into the active metabolite Dextrophan (DXO) in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.

Around one in 10 of the Caucasian population has little or no CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to long-lived high drug levels.

== Images ==
<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''
Image:Dxm_gelcap.jpg
</gallery>

== Links ==

[http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml DXM FAQ]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dextromethorphan Wikipedia]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

DXM

2015-03-22T05:53:41Z

Trees: /* Different Forms */

[[File:Dxm_gelcap.jpg|350px|right]]

'''DXM''' (also known as 'DM' or 'Dextromethorphan') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough treatment) which when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug which also has some psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at needed doses found in many brands of cough medication make for a chemical which must be used with caution.

The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and subsequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, however higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive presence. At high doses your mind becomes as big as the universe. Strong experiences of detachment, depersonalization, and out-of-body experiences are commonly experienced with DXM at higher doses. These all-encompassing states are startling and uncomfortable for some.

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or Opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Proper occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

===Extracted===

The ideal source of DXM would be an extraction, but that requires time and a chemical procedure which most people are not equipped to do. It's not a complicated process however it does carry some risks in itself. There is a technique known as the 'Agent Lemon extraction'.

===Syrup===

Cough syrup is the most common source for DXM users. While there are many brand name and no-name syrups which only contain DXM as an active ingredient there are many active and "inactive" ingredients commonly found in cough syrups which can cause negative effects ranging in severity. See [[DXM#HarmReduction|Harm Reduction]] for more information.

Some say the high produced from syrup is mostly sedating. You may feel sluggish when using it to get high on DXM, possibly as a result of other ingredients found in syrup however because of the even dispersion of DXM throughout the syrup it is said to produce a more 'solid' trip.

===Gel Caps===

DXM Gelcaps such as RobitussinDM Gelcaps or other no-name brand products containing only DXM encased in a gelcap are often the preferred source for DXM users. For most users gelcaps which contain only DXM produce a more clear headed high in lower doses. Most users experience fewer side effects from gelcaps than from syrup however some users report an upset stomach from the gelcaps, indicating that some users may have a sensitivity to the edible plastics used to make the gelcaps.

===Lozenges===

There are also sore-throat and cough medications containing DXM which exist in the form of a hard-candy like lozenge. These sometimes contain only DXM, however most brands of DXM lozenges also contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or benzocaine. Some brands such as '''Cordicin Cough and Cold''' (also known as '''CCC''') have a variety of products, most of which contain other active ingredients such as antihistamines or CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) and may have one or two products which contain only DXM.

WARNING: Cordicin Cough & Cold is one of the most commonly used sources of DXM, and also one of the most dangerous. Nearly every single CCC product contains other active ingredients such as CPM, which can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms including seizures, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, weakness, loss of consciousness, severe dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, bleeding from the skin, mouth, eyes, rectum and vagina, and possibly death.

https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_info2.shtml

As always when using lozenges always choose a product which only has DXM in it.

===Delsym===

Delsym is brand with many formulations which contain Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM which produced a longer lasting trip with weaker effects. It is said to be impossible to reach the third plateau using DXM which may be preferable for this reason to beginners or users who would prefer a longer and weaker trip.

== Dosage ==

'''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. See [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] for easy dosing.
Dosage refers to DXM HBR. HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate. (1mg of DXM polistirex is equivalent to about 6mg DXM HBR)

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 100-200mg
|-
| Common || 200-400mg
|-
| Strong || 300-600mg
|-
| Heavy || 600-1500mg
|-
| Risk of death || 2.2g+
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Total || 6-8 hours
|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised.

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guestimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in.

=== Predosing ===

One should make sure there is only DXM in the product they are taking. Grapefruit juice can potentiate dxm due to intactions with cytochrome P450.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref>

== Effects ==

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift
* Increased giggling and laughing
* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)
* Creative dream-like experiences
* Increased tactile sensation
* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation
* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)
* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations
* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)
* Confusion, disorientation
* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations
* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"
* Discoordination, reduced agility
* Loss of appetite
* Involuntary flexing of muscles
* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting
* Dizzyness
* Body itching
* Rash, red blotchy skin
* Diarrhea
* Fever
* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)
* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others

=== After-Effects ===

* Some users report hangover or depression that might last up to a few days.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once. You can still walk but forget about running or balance. Imagine the large muscles in your body all tensing up at once, so to walk you don't try to move your leg, you try and relax it in the way you want to go. Detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you hit the third you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

== Plateaus ==

There are two kind of trips: Sub third and beyond second plateau. If you take a first or second plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses. Since you're dissociating yourself, you can remove yourself from awkward social situations or chaotic events. It would also be fun to chill in your room and play a video game and listen to music. The music will get better and you'll get more spacey. If you take a third or fourth plateau dose, it's recommend to trip alone, as it's not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed. If you've ever meditated, you know how your mind can wander without your control. On DXM, you have a tendency to 'unlock' hidden memories. So the best thing is to let your mind take you where it wants to go. It usually knows whats best.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your mind.

There are four 'stages' to DXM trips called '''plateaus'''. The first two are very similar, and the last two are similar.

=== First Plateau ===

Feels a bit 'off'. Perhaps like you're a bit buzzed from alcohol or a big hit off a bong.

First Plateau dose: 1-2mg/lb.

=== Second Plateau ===

You feel like your stoned. Your consciousness feels like it's distancing itself from reality, like it's taking a 'step back' into yourself. The second is supposed to be fun, it's introducing you to the idea that reality is a dream. Music is awesome to listen to and you can walk outside and perhaps hallucinate a small-mild amount. You can socialize with friends and they might take you for sober, or you could say you're slightly drunk.

Second Plateau dose: 2-5mg/lb.

'''Hold on!'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the final two are not really 'fun' but 'enlightening'. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from games of the mind to exercises of the consciousness. Enjoy the 2nd plat as long as you can because right now it's more of a fun experience and there is no going back once you've been here. It's like once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show.
Not to say that its not enjoyable, but it looses it's fun charm.

'''CEV's'''

Inside your mind is an entirely new universe to explore. You think of water and an ocean appears. You create universes and live lifetimes inside your mind.
That's what the higher plateaus do.

=== Third Plateau ===

This is where you start tripping. You cannot ignore the feeling inside of you. At this point its no longer a social drug and should be done by yourself or with a sitter. This is most akin to an acid trip: it feels very distorted and lasts a couple hours. The third plateau isn't 'party-mode' or even 'socialize-mode'. Its more like 'alone-and-tripping-mode'.

Third Plateau dose: 5-7.5mg/lb.

=== Fourth Plateau ===

This is the deep meditative state. Few people enjoy going this far, as all you can really do (or want to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and become god. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them.

Fourth Plateau dose: 7.5-10mg/lb.

== Harm Reduction ==

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Dangerous Ingredients Commonly Used in DXM Products ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains /only/ DXM.

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

* : Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP is a painkiller commonly found in over the counter flu medication, and is used in many Tylenol and Panadol brand products.
: Acetaminophen/paracetamol/APAP is hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses.
:: Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated.
:: Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called
:: cytochrome P450. ::: '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''

The effects of an acetaminophen overdose may not be apparent for up to sixteen hours after the user has ingested the APAP! This makes APAP overdose even more dangerous because of the chance that a user might take more or not take notice after thinking they are 'in the clear'.

'''Under no circumstances should anyone attempt to use any DXM product containing 'Paracetamol', also known as 'APAP' & 'Acetaminophen'!'''

* '''Guaifenesin''' is an expectorant. It works by causing the lungs to produce more fluid, making it easier to cough up phlegm.
: Guaifenesin is added to many OTC cough, cold and flu medications to help treat the 'stuffed up' feeling which often found in viruses and colds.

: Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users. Some users report being able to use products which contain some guaifensin and
: other users report no negative effects from guaifenesin containing products.
: '''It is strongly recommended to avoid products which contain Guaifenesin when using DXM!'''

* '''Antihistamines''' such as '''[[DPH|Diphenhydramine]]''' are often found in sleep-aids, night-time formulations of cold medications and allergy medications.
: Antihistamines are sometimes found with DXM in night or 'PM' versions of products, and should generally be avoided when using DXM. When taken in
: high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines, OTC or prescription
: can also have a dangerous synergy with some of the effects produced by DXM.

* '''Food Coloring & other "Inactive" Ingredients'''
: Many DXM products contain dyes which can cause allergic reactions in some users. Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be
: required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions.

: Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemical used to make them taste sweet.
: '''Glucose, sucrose, invert sugar, and fructose''' are commonly used sweetening agents. These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions
: such as diabetes or hypoglycemia.

: Thickening agents such as '''propylene glycol''' or '''polyethylene glycol''' are found in most cough syrups. These are not toxic but may cause an upset stomach
: when consumed in large doses.

=== Interactions ===

DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including some analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

See [[Drug_combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

* DXM has the potential to cause [[Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]], MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]],[[MDA]],[[Mephedrone]],etc. Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.

== Pharmacology ==

IUPAC:(4bS,8aR,9S)-3-Methoxy-11-methyl-6,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene.

Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotartory enantiomer of levomethophan, which is the methyl ether of levophanol, both opioid analgesics.

== Pharmacodynamics ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Binding receptors
|-
| NMDA - 7253
|-
| SERT - 2015
|-
| NET - 110606
|-
| Sigma-1 - 23
|-
| Sigma-2 - 240
|}

== Pharmacokinectics ==

Following oral dosing, DXM is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Where it enters the bloodstream, and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

At therapeutic doses, DXM acts centrally (brain) as opposed to locally (Respiratory tract). It's rapidly absorbed from the GI tract into the active metabolite Dextrophan (DXO) in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.

Around one in 10 of the Caucasian population has little or no CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to long-lived high drug levels.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''
</gallery>
== Links ==

* http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

DXM

2015-03-22T05:21:30Z

Trees: /* Different Forms */

[[File:Dxm_gelcap.jpg|350px|right]]

'''DXM''' (also known as 'DM' or 'Dextromethorphan') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough treatment) which when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug which also has some psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at needed doses found in many brands of cough medication make for a chemical which must be used with caution.

The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and subsequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, however higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive presence. At high doses your mind becomes as big as the universe. Strong experiences of detachment, depersonalization, and out-of-body experiences are commonly experienced with DXM at higher doses. These all-encompassing states are startling and uncomfortable for some.

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or Opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Proper occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

===Extracted===

The ideal source of DXM would be an extraction, but that requires time and a chemical procedure which most people are not equipped to do. It's not a complicated process however it does carry some risks in itself. There is a technique known as the 'Agent Lemon extraction'.

===Syrup===

Cough syrup is the most common source for DXM users. While there are many brand name and no-name syrups which only contain DXM as an active ingredient there are many active and "inactive" ingredients commonly found in cough syrups which can cause negative effects ranging in severity. See [[DXM#Interactions|interactions]] for more information.

Some say the high produced from syrup is mostly sedating. You may feel sluggish when using it to get high on DXM, possibly as a result of other ingredients found in syrup however because of the even dispersion of DXM throughout the syrup it is said to produce a more 'solid' trip.

===Gel Caps===

DXM Gelcaps such as RobitussinDM Gelcaps or other no-name brand products containing only DXM encased in a gelcap are often the preferred source for DXM users. For most users gelcaps which contain only DXM produce a more clear headed high in lower doses. Most users experience fewer side effects from gelcaps than from syrup however some users report an upset stomach from the gelcaps, indicating that some users may have a sensitivity to the edible plastics used to make the gelcaps.

===Lozenges===

There are also sore-throat and cough medications containing DXM which exist in the form of a hard-candy like lozenge. These sometimes contain only DXM, however most brands of DXM lozenges also contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or benzocaine. Some brands such as '''Cordicin Cough and Cold''' (also known as '''CCC''') have a variety of products, most of which contain other active ingredients such as antihistamines or CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) and may have one or two products which contain only DXM.

WARNING: Cordicin Cough & Cold is one of the most commonly used sources of DXM, and also one of the most dangerous. Nearly every single CCC product contains other active ingredients such as CPM, which can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms including seizures, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, weakness, loss of consciousness, severe dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, bleeding from the skin, mouth, eyes, rectum and vagina, and possibly death.

https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_info2.shtml

As always when using lozenges always choose a product which only has DXM in it.

===Delsym===

Delsym is brand with many formulations which contain Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM which produced a longer lasting trip with weaker effects. It is said to be impossible to reach the third plateau using DXM which may be preferable for this reason to beginners or users who would prefer a longer and weaker trip.

== Dosage ==

'''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. See [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] for easy dosing.
Dosage refers to DXM HBR. HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate. (1mg of DXM polistirex is equivalent to about 6mg DXM HBR)

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 100-200mg
|-
| Common || 200-400mg
|-
| Strong || 300-600mg
|-
| Heavy || 600-1500mg
|-
| Risk of death || 2.2g+
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Total || 6-8 hours
|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised.

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guestimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in.

=== Predosing ===

One should make sure there is only DXM in the product they are taking. Grapefruit juice can potentiate dxm due to intactions with cytochrome P450.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref>

== Effects ==

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift
* Increased giggling and laughing
* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)
* Creative dream-like experiences
* Increased tactile sensation
* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation
* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)
* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations
* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)
* Confusion, disorientation
* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations
* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"
* Discoordination, reduced agility
* Loss of appetite
* Involuntary flexing of muscles
* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting
* Dizzyness
* Body itching
* Rash, red blotchy skin
* Diarrhea
* Fever
* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)
* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others

=== After-Effects ===

* Some users report hangover or depression that might last up to a few days.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once. You can still walk but forget about running or balance. Imagine the large muscles in your body all tensing up at once, so to walk you don't try to move your leg, you try and relax it in the way you want to go. Detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you hit the third you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

== Plateaus ==

There are two kind of trips: Sub third and beyond second plateau. If you take a first or second plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses. Since you're dissociating yourself, you can remove yourself from awkward social situations or chaotic events. It would also be fun to chill in your room and play a video game and listen to music. The music will get better and you'll get more spacey. If you take a third or fourth plateau dose, it's recommend to trip alone, as it's not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed. If you've ever meditated, you know how your mind can wander without your control. On DXM, you have a tendency to 'unlock' hidden memories. So the best thing is to let your mind take you where it wants to go. It usually knows whats best.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your mind.

There are four 'stages' to DXM trips called '''plateaus'''. The first two are very similar, and the last two are similar.

=== First Plateau ===

Feels a bit 'off'. Perhaps like you're a bit buzzed from alcohol or a big hit off a bong.

First Plateau dose: 1-2mg/lb.

=== Second Plateau ===

You feel like your stoned. Your consciousness feels like it's distancing itself from reality, like it's taking a 'step back' into yourself. The second is supposed to be fun, it's introducing you to the idea that reality is a dream. Music is awesome to listen to and you can walk outside and perhaps hallucinate a small-mild amount. You can socialize with friends and they might take you for sober, or you could say you're slightly drunk.

Second Plateau dose: 2-5mg/lb.

'''Hold on!'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the final two are not really 'fun' but 'enlightening'. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from games of the mind to exercises of the consciousness. Enjoy the 2nd plat as long as you can because right now it's more of a fun experience and there is no going back once you've been here. It's like once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show.
Not to say that its not enjoyable, but it looses it's fun charm.

'''CEV's'''

Inside your mind is an entirely new universe to explore. You think of water and an ocean appears. You create universes and live lifetimes inside your mind.
That's what the higher plateaus do.

=== Third Plateau ===

This is where you start tripping. You cannot ignore the feeling inside of you. At this point its no longer a social drug and should be done by yourself or with a sitter. This is most akin to an acid trip: it feels very distorted and lasts a couple hours. The third plateau isn't 'party-mode' or even 'socialize-mode'. Its more like 'alone-and-tripping-mode'.

Third Plateau dose: 5-7.5mg/lb.

=== Fourth Plateau ===

This is the deep meditative state. Few people enjoy going this far, as all you can really do (or want to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and become god. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them.

Fourth Plateau dose: 7.5-10mg/lb.

== Harm Reduction ==

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Dangerous Ingredients Commonly Used in DXM Products ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains /only/ DXM.

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

* : Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP is a painkiller commonly found in over the counter flu medication, and is used in many Tylenol and Panadol brand products.
: Acetaminophen/paracetamol/APAP is hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses.
:: Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated.
:: Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called
:: cytochrome P450. ::: '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''

The effects of an acetaminophen overdose may not be apparent for up to sixteen hours after the user has ingested the APAP! This makes APAP overdose even more dangerous because of the chance that a user might take more or not take notice after thinking they are 'in the clear'.

'''Under no circumstances should anyone attempt to use any DXM product containing 'Paracetamol', also known as 'APAP' & 'Acetaminophen'!'''

* '''Guaifenesin''' is an expectorant. It works by causing the lungs to produce more fluid, making it easier to cough up phlegm.
: Guaifenesin is added to many OTC cough, cold and flu medications to help treat the 'stuffed up' feeling which often found in viruses and colds.

: Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users. Some users report being able to use products which contain some guaifensin and
: other users report no negative effects from guaifenesin containing products.
: '''It is strongly recommended to avoid products which contain Guaifenesin when using DXM!'''

* '''Antihistamines''' such as '''[[DPH|Diphenhydramine]]''' are often found in sleep-aids, night-time formulations of cold medications and allergy medications.
: Antihistamines are sometimes found with DXM in night or 'PM' versions of products, and should generally be avoided when using DXM. When taken in
: high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines, OTC or prescription
: can also have a dangerous synergy with some of the effects produced by DXM.

* '''Food Coloring & other "Inactive" Ingredients'''
: Many DXM products contain dyes which can cause allergic reactions in some users. Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be
: required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions.

: Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemical used to make them taste sweet.
: '''Glucose, sucrose, invert sugar, and fructose''' are commonly used sweetening agents. These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions
: such as diabetes or hypoglycemia.

: Thickening agents such as '''propylene glycol''' or '''polyethylene glycol''' are found in most cough syrups. These are not toxic but may cause an upset stomach
: when consumed in large doses.

=== Interactions ===

DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including some analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

See [[Drug_combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

* DXM has the potential to cause [[Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]], MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]],[[MDA]],[[Mephedrone]],etc. Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.

== Pharmacology ==

IUPAC:(4bS,8aR,9S)-3-Methoxy-11-methyl-6,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene.

Dextromethorphan is the dextrorotartory enantiomer of levomethophan, which is the methyl ether of levophanol, both opioid analgesics.

== Pharmacodynamics ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Binding receptors
|-
| NMDA - 7253
|-
| SERT - 2015
|-
| NET - 110606
|-
| Sigma-1 - 23
|-
| Sigma-2 - 240
|}

== Pharmacokinectics ==

Following oral dosing, DXM is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Where it enters the bloodstream, and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

At therapeutic doses, DXM acts centrally (brain) as opposed to locally (Respiratory tract). It's rapidly absorbed from the GI tract into the active metabolite Dextrophan (DXO) in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.

Around one in 10 of the Caucasian population has little or no CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to long-lived high drug levels.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''
</gallery>
== Links ==

* http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

DXM

2015-03-22T03:45:54Z

Trees:

[[File:Dxm_gelcap.jpg|350px|right]]

'''DXM''' (also known as 'DM' or 'Dextromethorphan') is an over-the-counter antitussive (cough treatment) which when taken at doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic range becomes a powerful [[Dissociatives|dissociative]] drug which also has some psychedelic properties.

While DXM can be used safely it is not an inherently safe drug. Repeated use within a short period of time, combination with certain types of drugs, certain genetic factors and the prevalence of other active ingredients which become harmful at needed doses found in many brands of cough medication make for a chemical which must be used with caution.

The high is not for everyone; it is said to loosely follow the rule of thirds: one third hates it, one third doesn't care, and one third like it.

DXM manifests its effects in a series of plateaus, with dose determining which plateau (and subsequently which effects) one will experience. Lower dose plateaus can be well suited to relaxation, light social interaction and listening to music, however higher doses result in a more encompassing dissociative experience which does not lend itself to attentive presence. At high doses your mind becomes as big as the universe. Strong experiences of detachment, depersonalization, and out-of-body experiences are commonly experienced with DXM at higher doses. These all-encompassing states are startling and uncomfortable for some.

DXM does not typically show up in normal drug tests however it can produce false positive results for PCP and/or Opioids in extended or specialized drug tests. Proper occasional use should not produce these false-positive results after a couple days have passed.

== Different Forms ==

DXM is widely available in over-the-counter cough treatments which appear in different forms including gelcaps, lozenges and syrups. DXM is also less commonly found in a more pure form, either extracted or bought directly from a chemical manufacturer.

While there are some products available which contain only DXM as active medical ingredients it is common to find products which contain DXM but also contain enough of another active ingredient to pose a serious risk to the user's health.

===Extracted===

Your best best is to do an extraction, but that takes time/effort that most people arent willing to do. It's super easy though so its worth taking a look into Agent Lemon extraction.

===Syrup===

The syrup is very downer-ish. You might feel sluggish while on it, but it gives a more 'solid' trip.

===Gel Caps===

The cough gels are amazing. Its very much a clear-headed feeling.

===CCC===

There's also the corcedin cough and cold pills (triple c's). These things are really small but contain 30mg per pill. Most of the corcedin comes with other additives that mess with your heart rate or give you a high dose of antihistame. As always, make sure the only active ingredient is DXM.

===Delsym===

Delsym is another product which contains Dextromethorphan Polistrex.

This is an extended release form of DXM (longer trip) that is much more mild and gentle, but it is
IMPOSSIBLE to get to the third plateau on it, which is good for beginners.

== Dosage ==

'''DXM doses are affected by weight'''. See [http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png this chart] for easy dosing.
Dosage refers to DXM HBR. HBR and Polistirex doses vary significantly due to polistirex slow absorbsion rate. (1mg of DXM polistirex is equivalent to about 6mg DXM HBR)

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 100-200mg
|-
| Common || 200-400mg
|-
| Strong || 300-600mg
|-
| Heavy || 600-1500mg
|-
| Risk of death || 2.2g+
|}

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Total || 6-8 hours
|}

=== Redosing ===

Redosing is not advised.

It's better to know how much you've taken at the start of the trip, rather than guestimate how much you're on as you keep dosing. The effects will start to come in waves and may not be pleasant. If you feel the need, it's recommended to take a high initial dose and a lower dose 1-2 hours in.

=== Predosing ===

One should make sure there is only DXM in the product they are taking. Grapefruit juice can potentiate dxm due to intactions with cytochrome P450.<ref>http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/2d6references/#dextromethorphanSub</ref>

== Effects ==

=== Positive ===

* Euphoria, mood lift
* Increased giggling and laughing
* Dissociation of mind from body (positive when sought)
* Creative dream-like experiences
* Increased tactile sensation
* Some users report empathy and forgiveness towards other people

=== Neutral ===

* Pupil dilation
* Visual stop motion effect (flanging or strobing)
* Visual and aural (auditory) hallucinations
* Decreased sexual functioning (difficulty achieving orgasm)
* Confusion, disorientation
* Skin sensitivity, alters tactile (touch) and skin sensations
* Robotic, zombie-like walking, "robo-walk"
* Discoordination, reduced agility
* Loss of appetite
* Involuntary flexing of muscles
* Feelings of merging with adjacent objects like a couch or bed (with higher doses)

=== Negative ===

* Vomiting
* Dizzyness
* Body itching
* Rash, red blotchy skin
* Diarrhea
* Fever
* Tachycardia (racing, pounding heart)
* Some users report feeling disconnected, isolated from others

=== After-Effects ===

* Some users report hangover or depression that might last up to a few days.

=== Robo-Walk ===

The robo-walk feels like all of the muscles in your body are activated at once. You can still walk but forget about running or balance. Imagine the large muscles in your body all tensing up at once, so to walk you don't try to move your leg, you try and relax it in the way you want to go. Detailed coordination such as running, jumping, or maneuvering around furniture becomes much harder if not impossible. However, when you hit the third you really wouldn't want to be moving around anyway. The best thing to do is get a good pair of headphones, turn off the lights, close your eyes and let your mind wander.

== Plateaus ==

There are two kind of trips: Sub third and beyond second plateau. If you take a first or second plateau dose, it's totally possible to socialize. Lower plateau doses are relatively easy to hide compared to higher plateau doses. Since you're dissociating yourself, you can remove yourself from awkward social situations or chaotic events. It would also be fun to chill in your room and play a video game and listen to music. The music will get better and you'll get more spacey. If you take a third or fourth plateau dose, it's recommend to trip alone, as it's not a social drug at this dose. The best way to enjoy it is to lay back and listen to music with your eyes closed. If you've ever meditated, you know how your mind can wander without your control. On DXM, you have a tendency to 'unlock' hidden memories. So the best thing is to let your mind take you where it wants to go. It usually knows whats best.

Choosing your destination plateau will depend a lot on what other drugs you've done and how comfortable you are with your mind.

There are four 'stages' to DXM trips called '''plateaus'''. The first two are very similar, and the last two are similar.

=== First Plateau ===

Feels a bit 'off'. Perhaps like you're a bit buzzed from alcohol or a big hit off a bong.

First Plateau dose: 1-2mg/lb.

=== Second Plateau ===

You feel like your stoned. Your consciousness feels like it's distancing itself from reality, like it's taking a 'step back' into yourself. The second is supposed to be fun, it's introducing you to the idea that reality is a dream. Music is awesome to listen to and you can walk outside and perhaps hallucinate a small-mild amount. You can socialize with friends and they might take you for sober, or you could say you're slightly drunk.

Second Plateau dose: 2-5mg/lb.

'''Hold on!'''

Most people stop their DXM journey here, as the final two are not really 'fun' but 'enlightening'. We don't recommend crossing this threshold until you're ready to move on from games of the mind to exercises of the consciousness. Enjoy the 2nd plat as long as you can because right now it's more of a fun experience and there is no going back once you've been here. It's like once you see what's behind the curtain, you can't enjoy the show.
Not to say that its not enjoyable, but it looses it's fun charm.

'''CEV's'''

Inside your mind is an entirely new universe to explore. You think of water and an ocean appears. You create universes and live lifetimes inside your mind.
That's what the higher plateaus do.

=== Third Plateau ===

This is where you start tripping. You cannot ignore the feeling inside of you. At this point its no longer a social drug and should be done by yourself or with a sitter. This is most akin to an acid trip: it feels very distorted and lasts a couple hours. The third plateau isn't 'party-mode' or even 'socialize-mode'. Its more like 'alone-and-tripping-mode'.

Third Plateau dose: 5-7.5mg/lb.

=== Fourth Plateau ===

This is the deep meditative state. Few people enjoy going this far, as all you can really do (or want to do) is sit, listen to music, close your eyes, and become god. You can create universes in your mind just by thinking of them.

Fourth Plateau dose: 7.5-10mg/lb.

== Harm Reduction ==

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

=== Dangerous Ingredients Commonly Used in DXM Products ===

Many products which contain DXM also contain other medication or otherwise non-medically-active ingredients that can cause serious harm in the doses found in DXM containing products. If a user intends to use an OTC cough medication in order to get high on DXM they almost always will have to consume a dangerous quantity of other dangerous ingredients if they are present in the medication. For this reason it is strongly recommended to find a source which contains /only/ DXM.

The following is a summary of other ingredients commonly found in DXM products.

* : Acetaminophen/Paracetamol/APAP is a painkiller commonly found in over the counter flu medication, and is used in many Tylenol and Panadol brand products.
: Acetaminophen/paracetamol/APAP is hepatoxic in high doses. This means it will damage your liver if taken in high doses.
:: Your body can only process a certain amount of APAP at once before it the normal pathways become saturated.
:: Once the regular pathways used for metabolizing APAP have been saturated the remaining APAP gets broken down in the liver by an enzyme called
:: cytochrome P450. ::: '''When forced to break down APAP this enzyme produces toxic metabolites!'''

The effects of an acetaminophen overdose may not be apparent for up to sixteen hours after the user has ingested the APAP! This makes APAP overdose even more dangerous because of the chance that a user might take more or not take notice after thinking they are 'in the clear'.

'''Under no circumstances should anyone attempt to use any DXM product containing 'Paracetamol', also known as 'APAP' & 'Acetaminophen'!'''

* '''Guaifenesin''' is an expectorant. It works by causing the lungs to produce more fluid, making it easier to cough up phlegm.
: Guaifenesin is added to many OTC cough, cold and flu medications to help treat the 'stuffed up' feeling which often found in viruses and colds.

: Guaifenesin overdoses cause severe nausea and vomiting in most users. Some users report being able to use products which contain some guaifensin and
: other users report no negative effects from guaifenesin containing products.
: '''It is strongly recommended to avoid products which contain Guaifenesin when using DXM!'''

* '''Antihistamines''' such as '''[[DPH|Diphenhydramine]]''' are often found in sleep-aids, night-time formulations of cold medications and allergy medications.
: Antihistamines are sometimes found with DXM in night or 'PM' versions of products, and should generally be avoided when using DXM. When taken in
: high doses antihistamines can cause dizzyness, nausea, a strong dysphoria, paranoia, delirium and hallucinations. Many antihistamines, OTC or prescription
: can also have a dangerous synergy with some of the effects produced by DXM.

* '''Food Coloring & other "Inactive" Ingredients'''
: Many DXM products contain dyes which can cause allergic reactions in some users. Usually these dyes are not harmful in low doses however in doses which may be
: required for DXM's effects they can become problematic. '''Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow #5)''' is one of the most notable coloring ingredients to cause reactions.

: Cough syrups usually contain one or more chemical used to make them taste sweet.
: '''Glucose, sucrose, invert sugar, and fructose''' are commonly used sweetening agents. These sweeteners pose an obvious risk to people with blood sugar conditions
: such as diabetes or hypoglycemia.

: Thickening agents such as '''propylene glycol''' or '''polyethylene glycol''' are found in most cough syrups. These are not toxic but may cause an upset stomach
: when consumed in large doses.

=== Interactions ===

DXM has several potentially dangerous interactions with pharmaceutical and recreational drugs including some analgesics (painkillers), antihistamines, antidepressants and stimulants.

See [[Drug_combinations]] and [[Dissociatives#Interactions|Dissociative Interactions]] for more information.

* DXM has the potential to cause [[Serotonin Syndrome]] if mixed with other serotonergic drugs such as [[Antidepressants|antidepressants]], MAOIs, empathogens which affect serotonin release such as [[MDMA]],[[MDA]],[[Mephedrone]],etc. Serotonin Syndrome causes discomfort, excitability, irritability, and can be deadly <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464814/</ref> if not treated.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Dxm1.jpg|''Robitussin brand DXM Gel Caps''
</gallery>
== Links ==

* http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/faq/dxm_faq.shtml

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

DXM

2015-03-21T18:00:19Z

Trees:

Quick Guide to Plugging

2015-03-17T21:22:51Z

Trees: /* Equipment */

''''Plugging'''' or rectal-administration is fairly popular among recreational drug users for many reasons; it can improve the absorption rate and bio-availability of some drugs, and can change the duration and onset dynamics of some drugs. When correctly executed the rectal ROA is preferable to some users for these reasons. It's also used professionally by doctors and veterinarians.

Plugging is an effective ROA, however there seems to be some ambiguity around how best to administer drugs rectally when not available in commercial suppositories.

== Equipment ==

Plugging requires some supplies, all of which (with the possible exception of a shot-glass or mixing container) should be readily available at your nearest pharmacy or drug-store. For oral syringes you may need to ask someone behind the pharmacy counter.

* An Oral Syringe
: 3ml/5ml/10ml will all work fine
: Oral Syringes are designed to be disposable. It is better practice to reuse and risk infection or cross contamination. Plan ahead.
* Clean shot-glass or some small container to mix your solution in.
: Usually glass is preferable but anything hydrophobic will work fine.
: Use something smooth as porous surfaces can absorb some of your solution/substance.
* Lubricant
: Preferably something water-based or KY-Jelly works fine. Avoid oil-based personal lubricants.
* Clean Water or otherwise appropriate solvent (see note below)
:For polar compounds such as [[MXE]], most opioids, [[MDMA]], [[Amphetamine]], etc it is best to use '''water''' as your plugging solvent since water is readily available and is easy to clean/purify.
:For nonpolar compounds such as [[DMT]], it is best to use '''propylene glycol''' since it is safe and relatively easy to obtain, is clean when purchased in a sealed container.

'''Note:''' In chemistry the term(s) 'polar' and 'nonpolar' are used to describe the state of a molecule's covalent bond; a polar substance will have an unbalanced covalent bond meaning it will have an excess charge, while 'non-polar' is used to differentiate between that and a substance which has a balanced covalent bond. 

'''For our intents and purposes you should understand that polar substances will not dissolve into a non-polar solvent. You can technically make a suspension using polar and nonpolar substances however it is recommended to use polar solvents for polar substances and vice-versa to ensure proper drug distribution and dose-control.''' 

== Preparation ==

Rectal drug administration itself is fairly simple to execute but does require some planning and preparation beforehand.
It should be noted that plugging anything caustic such as Ethylphenidate or 4-FA can and likely will result in some damage to the mucous membranes that line the rectum. will this also be painful?
Once you have gathered all the necessary equipment you will need to choose your dose and determine an appropriate amount of solution to use (usually 1-3ml is plenty, you want as little water as possible while still properly dissolving your dose)

For most substances which are commonly administered rectally the dosage is usually lower than it would be for the same substance if ingested orally or insufflated. Often the onset-duration dynamics change too, usually plugging results in a slightly longer delay with a faster onset. This is because changing the ROA changes the way a drug is metabolized and the rate at which it is absorbed.

Note: With many substances the plugging dose is close to insufflation dose for the same drug, however you should ''always do your research on dosage when attempting rectal administration with any substance for the first time, and '''when in doubt start small'''.''

It is important to note that if you administer a solution or suspension rectally which is absorbed into feces it will not be effective! For this reason it is generally recommended to use your toilet before attempting to plug drugs or medicine. As such it is good practice to either think ahead a little bit or take into consideration your diet in the preceding ~12-24 hours as the state of your bowels will have a direct impact on the efficacy of this ROA.
Once you have determined an appropriate solvent its time to make your solution.

# Take your clean hydrophobic container (shotglass, spoon, etc) and place your drug of choice in the container.
# Draw an appropriate amount of your solvent into your oral syringe (1-3ml is usually plenty)
# Slowly plunge the solvent into your container and onto your substance. You only want to use as much water as it takes to dissolve your drug fully and ideally no more. Once you've got enough solvent to work with use a clean stir stick of some sort (the back end of a clean spoon will do but a glass stir-stick is ideal) to mix your solution.
# Once your substance is dissolved or evenly suspended plunge the remaining clean solvent from your oral syringe (if there is any extra that was not used to make your solution left.)
# Insert the tip of your now empty oral-syringe into your newly made solution and slowly and evenly draw the solution into your syringe. Work on a flat surface and try to keep your oral syringe vertical for best results.
# Once you have your solution in the oral syringe you should turn your syringe upside-down and empty out any air bubbles that might have found their way into the chamber

== Application ==

Note: It is recommended to have another container of some sort to put your syringe into immediately after administration because you will need to lay down and wait for a few minutes and human feces can contain many pathogens and bacteria that can cause health problems if cross contaminated.
Apply lubricant liberally to your now full oral syringe to reduce resistance and discomfort.

# Find a comfortable position to lay down in. Most users recommend laying on your side and lifting your upper leg as this position makes it easy to insert your oral syringe deeply and with less resistance than some alternatives.
# Insert your oral syringe to a depth of around the distance from your 2nd or 3rd knuckle to the tip if your index or middle finger.
# Administer your dose by slowly and steadily plunging the syringe. Keep it in place for about 30 seconds after you've finished plunging to allow all the liquid to disperse before removing the syringe.
# Remove the syringe slowly to avoid removing any of the liquid accidentally
# Once you have plunged and removed your oral syringe you should remain laying down for 5-15 minutes to allow the solution to absorb, ideally on your stomach or on your side. If you have prepared correctly you should have a container or bag nearby that can hold your oral syringe in the time it takes to allow the solution to be absorbed to avoid cross contamination.
# Dispose of your syringe and wash your hands.

== Harm Reduction ==

* Plugging bypasses your first pass metabolism, and thus the initial filtering of the drug, and many of your body's defenses against overdose. Particularly with drugs such as alcohol, rectal administration can easily lead to overdose.

* Do not use ethanol as a solvent as it can damage the sensitive mucous membranes

* If a substance is caustic it is not recommended to administer rectally as it can cause damage to your rectal lining or mucous membranes (same thing?) If it hurts (damages) to insufflate it will generally hurt/damage to plug!

* Rectal administration of substances does not make you gay, even if you get your buddy to help.

* It is strongly recommended to heat your solvent to room or body temperature prior to mixing and administering as plugging something colder than your body temperature can be very uncomfortable and slightly shocking.

[[Category:Guides]]

Quick Guide to Plugging

2015-03-17T21:14:39Z

Trees: Created page with "=Quick Guide to Plugging= 'Plugging' or rectal-administration is fairly popular among recreational drug users for many reasons; it can improve the absorption rate and bio-ava..."

=Quick Guide to Plugging=

'Plugging' or rectal-administration is fairly popular among recreational drug users for many reasons; it can improve the absorption rate and bio-availability of some drugs, and can change

the duration and onset dynamics of some drugs. When correctly executed the rectal ROA is preferable to some users for these reasons. It's also used professionally by doctors and veterinarians.

Plugging is an effective ROA, however there seems to be some ambiguity around how best to administer drugs rectally when not available in commercial suppositories.

== Equipment ==

Plugging requires some supplies, all of which (with the possible exception of a shot-glass or mixing container) should be readily available at your nearest pharmacy or drug-store. For oral syringes you may need to ask someone behind the pharmacy counter.

* An Oral Syringe
: 3ml/5ml/10ml will all work fine
: Oral Syringes are designed to be disposable. It is better practice to reuse and risk infection or cross contamination. Plan ahead.
* Clean shot-glass or some small container to mix your solution in.
: Usually glass is preferable but anything hydrophobic will work fine.
: Use something smooth as porous surfaces can absorb some of your solution/substance.
* Lubricant
: Preferably something water-based or KY-Jelly works fine. Avoid oil-based personal lubricants.
* Clean Water or otherwise appropriate solvent (see note below)
:For polar compounds such as [list some common examples here] it is best to use water as your plugging solvent since water is readily available and is easy to clean/purify.
:For nonpolar compounds such as [list examples here] it is best to use propylene glycol since it is safe and relatively easy to obtain, is clean when purchased in a sealed container.

'''Note:''' In chemistry the term(s) 'polar' and 'nonpolar' are used to describe the state of a molecule's covalent bond; a polar substance will have an unbalanced covalent bond meaning it will have an excess charge, while 'nonpolar' is used to differentiate between that and a substance which has a balanced covalent bond. 
::'''For our intents and purposes you should understand that polar substances will not dissolve into a nonpolar solvent. You can technically make a suspension using polar and nonpolar substances however it is recommended to use polar solvents for polar substances and vice-versa (sp?) to ensure proper drug distribution and dose-control.''' 

== Preparation ==

Rectal drug administration itself is fairly simple to execute but does require some planning and preparation beforehand.
It should be noted that plugging anything caustic such as Ethylphenidate or 4-FA can and likely will result in some damage to the mucous membranes that line the rectum. will this also be painful?
Once you have gathered all the necessary equipment you will need to choose your dose and determine an appropriate amount of solution to use (usually 1-3ml is plenty, you want as little water as possible while still properly dissolving your dose)

For most substances which are commonly administered rectally the dosage is usually lower than it would be for the same substance if ingested orally or insufflated. Often the onset-duration dynamics change too, usually plugging results in a slightly longer delay with a faster onset. This is because changing the ROA changes the way a drug is metabolized and the rate at which it is absorbed.

Note: With many substances the plugging dose is close to insufflation dose for the same drug, however you should ''always do your research on dosage when attempting rectal administration with any substance for the first time, and '''when in doubt start small'''.''

It is important to note that if you administer a solution or suspension rectally which is absorbed into feces it will not be effective! For this reason it is generally recommended to use your toilet before attempting to plug drugs or medicine. As such it is good practice to either think ahead a little bit or take into consideration your diet in the preceding ~12-24 hours as the state of your bowels will have a direct impact on the efficacy of this ROA.
Once you have determined an appropriate solvent its time to make your solution.

: 1 Take your clean hydrophobic container (shotglass, spoon, etc) and place your drug of choice in the container.

: 2 Draw an appropriate amount of your solvent into your oral syringe (1-3ml is usually plenty)

: 3 Slowly plunge the solvent into your container and onto your substance. You only want to use as much water as it takes to dissolve your drug fully and ideally no more. Once you've got enough solvent to work with use a clean stir stick of some sort (the back end of a clean spoon will do but a glass stir-stick is ideal) to mix your solution.

: 4 Once your substance is dissolved or evenly suspended plunge the remaining clean solvent from your oral syringe (if there is any extra that was not used to make your solution left.)

: 5 Insert the tip of your now empty oral-syringe into your newly made solution and slowly and evenly draw the solution into your syringe. Work on a flat surface and try to keep your oral syringe vertical for best results.

: 6 Once you have your solution in the oral syringe you should turn your syringe upside-down and empty out any air bubbles that might have found their way into the chamber

== Application ==

Note: It is recommended to have another container of some sort to put your syringe into immediately after administration because you will need to lay down and wait for a few minutes and human feces can contain many pathogens and bacteria that can cause health problems if cross contaminated.
Apply lubricant liberally to your now full oral syringe to reduce resistance and discomfort.

: 1 Find a comfortable position to lay down in. Most users recommend laying on your side and lifting your upper leg as this position makes it easy to insert your oral syringe deeply and with less resistance than some alternatives.

: 2 Insert your oral syringe to a depth of around the distance from your 2nd or 3rd knuckle to the tip if your index or middle finger.

: 3 Administer your dose by slowly and steadily plunging the syringe. Keep it in place for about 30 seconds after you've finished plunging to allow all the liquid to disperse before removing the syringe.

: 4 Remove the syringe slowly to avoid removing any of the liquid accidentally

: 5 Once you have plunged and removed your oral syringe you should remain laying down for 5-15 minutes to allow the solution to absorb, ideally on your stomach or on :: your side.

::If you have prepared correctly you should have a container or bag nearby that can hold your oral syringe in the time it takes to allow the solution to be absorbed to avoid cross contamination.

: 6 Dispose of your syringe and wash your hands.

== Harm Reduction ==

* Plugging bypasses your first pass metabolism, and thus the initial filtering of the drug, and many of your body's defenses against overdose. Particularly with drugs such as alcohol, rectal administration can easily lead to overdose.

* Do not use ethanol as a solvent as it can damage the sensitive mucous membranes

* If a substance is caustic it is not recommended to administer rectally as it can cause damage to your rectal lining or mucous membranes (same thing?) If it hurts (damages) to insufflate it will generally hurt/damage to plug!

* Rectal administration of substances does not make you gay, even if you get your buddy to help.

* It is strongly recommended to heat your solvent to room or body temperature prior to mixing and administering as plugging something colder than your body temperature can be very uncomfortable and slightly shocking.

== Further Reading ==

- http://pad.tripsit.me/group.html/3/pad.html/g.dx2CgmmqkMfTYoaE$Article:%20Intro%20to%20Plugging when it's published

- http://pad.tripsit.me/group.html/3/pad.html/g.dx2CgmmqkMfTYoaE$Wiki:%20ROA%20HR when it's published

Mescaline

2015-01-27T18:35:05Z

Trees: Removed empty 'Notes' section

[[File:Mescaline.jpg|thumb|200px|Mescaline vial and powder]]

Mescaline is a [[Psychedelics|psychedelic]] phenethylamine derived from several ancient species of cactus, which have been used ritualistically for thousands of years. It continues to be used for spiritual, religious and recreational purposes today.

= History =

Mescaline is thought to be one of the oldest psychedelics used by humans, evidence suggesting Native Americans in Mexico consumed it ceremonially over 5700 years ago. However, it wasn't until 1919 that it was first synthesised by Ernst Spath. Eight years later, an extensive study of mescaline's effects was published in 'Der Meskalunraush', meaning 'The Mesacline High.' Then, in 1952 Dr. Humphry Osmond began working with psychedelics at the Weyburn Mental Hospital in Saskatchewan, Canada. Dr. Osmond was studying the similarities between Mescaline and the adrenaline molecule.

The following year, in 1953, Aldous Huxley consumed 400mg of mescaline under Dr. Osmond's direct supervision, recounting and publishing his first experience in the book The Doors of Perception in 1954. The Doors of Perception went on to catch the attention of many prominent psychedelic researchers and became one of the most referenced pieces of literature in the psychedelic community. The psychedelic rock band The Doors took its name from the title of the book.
Among the many researchers who took notice of Huxley's work was Alexander Shulgin, who went on to test mescaline on himself in 1960 at a 350mg dose. This experience sparked an interest in phenethylamines that persisted for the rest of his career as a chemist.[https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/shulgin_labbooks/ Detailed in Shulgin's Lab Notebook #4 on page 471].

In 1961, Shulgin proposed the 'mescaline unit' (ED mescaline divided by ED analog) as a measure of relative potency of mescaline analogs. In this calculation the effective dose represents the average of ED1 and ED100 (ED50 or 'median effective dose'). The 'mescaline-unit' (M.U.) was used in studies of many psychoactive compounds by many prominent chemical researchers, including the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense. However, it is no longer used.

On October 27 of 1970, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was passed in the USA. Part II of this is the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), which defines a scheduling system for drugs. Under this act, mescaline, along with LSD, psilocybin, psylocin, peyote, cannabis and MDA were all listed under Schedule I.
In 1991, Alexander and Ann Shulgin first published their book called [https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal.shtml Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved], a collection of years' worth of work documenting in detail the synthesis and subjective effects of over 250 phenethylamines, including mescaline. This book is now widely considered to be one of the single most important pieces of literature in the history of pharmacology and chemistry. However, because it provided detailed information on the synthesis of hundreds of drugs, the book also led to their widespread clandestine production and distribution in the years following its release.

= Uses =

The drinking of teas made from mescaline containing cacti is one of the oldest known instances of psychedelic drug use. Europeans noted use of peyote in Native American religious ceremonies upon early contact, notably by the Huichols in Mexico. Other mescaline-containing cacti such as the San Pedro have a long history of use in South America, from Peru to Ecuador.

Mescaline was used by Native American cultures for spiritual purposes and usually were either consumed dried or in a tea. The nausea and vomiting associated with consuming the cactus itself was thought to be an inherent as well as important part of the experience. It was considered to have a cleansing effect on the mind and body.

In the 60s, mescaline along with [[LSD]] and several other psychedelics were researched for the treatment of select mental illnesses, notably alcoholism and depression.
In modern times, mescaline continues to be used recreationally - though is somewhat more uncommon than other psychedelics such as the [[2C-X]] series, which are very similar in effects, presumably due to its relatively low potency and difficulty in production.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Threshold ||100mg
|-
| Light ||100-200 mg
|-
| Common ||200-300 mg
|-
| Strong ||300-500 mg
|-
| Heavy ||500-1000mg+
|}

= Duration =

Note: Duration can be significantly longer with higher doses. Onset can vary, Avoid redosing.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
| Onset ||60-180+ Minutes
|-
| Duration ||6-12 Hours
|-
| After Effects || 3-5 Hours
|-
| Total ||10-20 Hours
|}

= Effects =

Note: The prevalence of negative effects increases with higher doses.

== Positive ==
* Feelings of interconnectedness
* Spiritual events
* Euphoria
* Increased sensitivity to touch
* Music enhancement

== Neutral ==

* Altered thinking processes
* An altered sense of time and self-awareness
* Closed and open-eye visual phenomena
* Synesthesia (especially in conjunction with music)
* Peripheral stimulation
* Increased cardiovascular activity
* Increased Perspiration

== Negative ==

* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Unwanted spiritual experiences
* Tension
* Anxiety
* Intense feelings of dread and doom

(Note: Nausea and vomiting are extremely common with mescaline, particularly when consumed in the form of a cactus tea. Simple A/B extraction techniques can be applied to mescaline containing cacti. Both the literature and anecdotal evidence suggest that nausea is less common with the pure salts of mescaline.)

= Harm Reduction =

As with all psychedelic drugs, mescaline carries within it the potential for a very powerful experience, and as such has the potential to result a very difficult experience ('bad' trip). Mindset and setting play important roles in governing the nature of a psychedelic experience, among other things.

See [[Psychedelics#Harm_Reduction|Psychedelic Harm Reduction]] and [[How To Deal With A Bad Trip]] for more information.

==Interactions==

Due to the illicit nature of mescaline, little empirical data is available regarding its interaction profile. It's pharmacology however is fairly well understood and based on this it would not be advisable to mix mescaline with irreversible MAOIs and lithium. Always exercise extreme caution when mixing any medications or drugs that do not have well established interaction profiles.

There are a significant amount of anecdotal reports that involve mixing mescaline with reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (RIMAs) both as extracted salts and ayahuasca style brews from harmaline/harmine containing plants. Caution is advised if one intends to attempt this. It can result in a significant alteration of the intensity and character of a mescaline trip. Note: Tyramine is a biosynthetic precursor of mescaline in some species of mescaline containing cacti. Harmful interactions between tyramine and irreversible MAOIs (such as isocarboxazid) are well established in medical literature so combining mescaline with this particular class of MAOI is strongly discouraged.

See the [[Drug combinations]] chart for more information.

= Chemistry and Pharmacology =

==Chemistry==

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzeneethanamine (also referred to as 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) or mescaline freebase, is a white crystalline odorless solid at room temperature. Its chemical formula is C11H17NO3 and it is soluble in alcohol, chloroform, benzene, xylene, toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, highly soluble in isopropyl alcohol, soluble in d-limonene and moderately soluble in water. It is practically insoluble in ether or petroleum ether and has melting/boiling points of 35-36°C and 180°C (12 mmHg) respectively. The freebase has a molecular weight of 211.26.

Note: Mescaline freebase will form mescaline carbonate upon prolonged exposure with air.

The hydrochloric salt of mescaline is the most common form by far. It has a melting point of 184° C according to the Merck Index. It has the appearance of needle-like clear/whitish crystals and is moderately soluble in water, alcohol, methanol. (at least 1.0 mg/ml) (Merck Index) In contrast to the freebase it is practically insoluble in toluene and acetone, insoluble in isopropyl alcohol, diethyl ether, and d-limonene. The hydrochloric salt has a molecular weight of 247.72.
The second most common salt of mescaline seems to be the sulfate dihydrate. It also appears as a whitish crystaline solid, retaining the whitish color albeit somewhat brighter, but losing the needle like structure in favour of a more rock like appearance. It is soluble in hot water, methanol and insoluble in near freezing water, alcohol and acetone. The sulphate has a melting point of 183–186 °C and a molecular weight of 309.33606.

Many salts of mescaline are attainable and all have different physical properties and solubilty profiles. Here we cover the two most commonly explored salts. For some more information on the salts not covered here, check out the links section at the bottom of the page.

==Pharmacology==

Mescaline shares structural similarities with Serotonin and Dopamine. Mescaline acts similarly to other psychedelics by binding to and activating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor with low affinity and high efficacy. Mescaline is also known to bind to and activate the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor.
Tolerance builds with repeated usage, lasting for a few days. Mescaline causes cross-tolerance with other serotonergic psychedelics such as LSD, psilocin and 2C-x compounds.

Some studies have concluded that mescaline goes through the body nearly unchanged. Six hours after dosing half of dose has been excreted and of between 20% and 50% of it is unchanged. The rest is the carboxylic acid, most likely degraded by MAO.

== LD50 ==

The LD50 is unknown in humans. In experiments with rats, the LD50 for mescaline has been established in the range of 800-1200mg/kg orally. [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mescaline/mescaline_datasheet1.shtml See Mescaline MSDS via hazard.com]
Considering the human dose range is about 100-1000mg, it would be very difficult to consume enough Mescaline to kill a human. As such, there are no recorded human deaths from the ingestion of mescaline. With that said, caution is still advised when consuming high doses.

= Legal status =

* In Australia, the peyote cacti and other mescaline-containing plants such as San Pedro are illegal in Western Australia, Queensland and the Norther Territory, whilst in other states such as Victoria and New South Wales, they are legal for ornamental and gardening purposes.
* In Canada, The Netherlands, and Germany, mescaline in raw form and dried mescaline-containing cacti are considered an illegal drug, however anyone may grow and use peyote, or Lophophora williamsii, along with Echinopsis Panchanoi and Echinopsis Peruviana without restriction, as it is specifically exempt from legislation. In Canada, mescaline is classified as a schedule III drug under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, whereas peyote is exempt.
* In the United Kingdom, mescaline in purified powder form is a Class A drug, however dried cactus can be bought and sold legally.
* In the United States, mescaline was made illegal in 1970 by the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act. The drug was prohibited internationally by the * 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances and is categorized as a Schedule I 'hallucinogen' by the CSA. Mescaline is legal only for certain groups (such as the Native American Church) and in scientific and medical research. The current state of the law is that while the federal government may not restrict use of peyote in ceremony, individual states do have a right to restrict its use/ Many states, including Utah have legalized peyote usage with 'sincere religious intent', or within a religious organization regardless of race.

= Links =

* [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mescaline/mescaline_journal7.shtml Mescaline: The Chemistry and Pharmacology of its Analogs]
* [https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/shulgin_labbooks/ Dr. Shulgin's Lab Notes]
* [https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal096.shtml PiHKAL Entry]
* [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mescaline/ Erowid Entry]
* [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescaline Wikipedia Entry]
* [http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/33868/0000129.pdf?sequence=1 'Relationship of the Structure of Mescaline and Seven Analogs to Toxicity and Behavior of Five Species of Labratory Animals' (full text)]
* [https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/Psychedelic_Compounds_Chemical_and_Physical_Properties#Freebase_Mescaline Physical and Chemical Properties of Various Mescaline Salts]

[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

LSA

2014-11-30T07:47:05Z

Trees:

[[File:Hbwr.jpg|200px|right]]
'''LSA''' is the generalized name for a class of psychedelic seeds and plants, along with some fungi, that contain the chemical '''Ergine'''. Ergine is a potent psychoactive and a precursor to synthesizing LSD.

Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds are prepared by removing the shell of the seed (as it may contain pesticides) crushing the internals, and mixing it in a drink or capsuled and taken orally. Some reports indicate if mixed with lemon juice, the crushed seeds can be taken sublingually, however this isn't common due to the strong taste.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds
|-
| Light || 1-2 seeds
|-
| Common || 2-6 seeds
|-
| Strong || 6-14 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 14+ seeds
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Light || 50-100 seeds
|-
| Common || 100-250 seeds
|-
| Strong || 250-400 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 400+ seeds
|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Onset || 30-180 minutes
|-
| Total || 4-10 hours
|}

= Effects =
== Positive ==
* Mood lift
* Feelings of insight
* Therapeutic psychological reflection (introspective thoughts and discussions)
* Increased interest in areas of thought that are normally ignored
* Increase in giggling and laughing
* Sensory enhancement (taste, smell, etc.)
* Closed- and open-eyed visuals including trails, color shifts, brightening, etc.

== Neutral ==
* Pupil dilation
* Sedation of the body and mind
* Change in perception of time
* Looping, patterned, out-of-control thinking
* Slight increase in heart rate
* Long lasting "afterglow" of effects

== Negative ==
* Increased anxiety/paranoia
* Nausea/vomiting
* Muscular tightness, particularly in the legs, back, and jaw
* Abdominal cramping
* Confusion
* Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder ([[HPPD]])
* Insomnia
* next day hangover, characterized by a feeling of mental sluggishness and dulled emotions.

= Harm Reduction =

See [[Psychedelics#Harm_Reduction|Psychedelic Harm Reduction]] for general information.

= Extraction =

LSA is often extracted from the seed medium in which it is purchased, to reduce the difficulty of consumption and potentially remove certain compounds which may cause nausea.

There are two main methods, cold water extraction and polar/nonpolar extraction.

[[Cold Water Extraction]]:

This method is simple and easily done with common household items. The seed material is ground down into a fine dust using a coffee grinder, herb grinder or mortar and pestle. This seed 'pulp' is then placed inside a teabag which has been emptied of it's contents, and the bag resealed using sellotape or some staples. The top of the bag should be folded over to prevent any seeds from escaping. The bag should then be submerged in 250-500ml of water. Wrap your containing glass in tin-foil to avoid subjecting the LSA to any excess light, and store in your fridge for 3-4 hours, stirring intermittently. When done, the bag can be removed, and the water consumed.

The drawbacks of cold water extraction are that many of the substances which may cause nausea may not be removed from the extract. It is not guaranteed that nausea will not result from this method.

Polar/non-polar extraction:

This method is significantly more advanced, however will allow for the extraction of fairly pure LSA crystals.

The first step again requires the grinding of the seed pulp to a fine powder. Then the pulp must be added to a quantity of petroleum ether in a seal-able container (Caution, petroleum ether is *not* food safe). When doing extractions keep in mind the principle of 'like dissolves like'. Petroleum ether is a nonpolar solvent which will dissolve all nonpolar compounds in the seed pulp. As LSA is a polar compound, it remains in the pulp. Store your mixture of seed pulp and petroleum ether in a cool dark place for anywhere up to 3 days (depending on how much desire a high yield), stirring intermittently, then filter it using coffee filters or some other method which will leave you with seed pulp separate from the petroleum ether. Discard the ''solution'' and keep the solid pulp. This process is also known as 'defatting' as it will remove any fats contained within the seed pulp due to their solubility in petroleum ether. These fats may be responsible for nausea if consumed.

The advantage to using petroleum ether is its high volatility - the seed pulp should be spread out across some paper in a well ventilated area to allow the petroleum ether to evaporate away. If purity is important, you may repeat the washing procedure again as many times as you wish with diminishing returns on purity.

The second phase of our extraction is the polar pull. To perform this we again mix our seed pulp with a solvent - this time a polar one. Pure ethanol is ideal, food safe and volatile it will easily dissolve our LSA. Mix the seed pulp in a suitable quantity of ethanol, again storing in a cool dark place for anywhere up to 3 days. Finally filter the solution again, this time discarding the ''seed pulp''.

The resulting ethanol solution should contain a relatively pure sample of LSA. This can be evaporated down by leaving out in a dish in a cool, dark, well ventilated place, and will yield solid crystals of LSA which can subsequently be consumed directly.

This method is significantly less likely to produce nausea, however it is not guaranteed, as some nausea can be produced by consuming pure LSA itself.

= Legal status =

Ergine, the active component in LSA, is schedule III in the USA. It is considered a precursor to LSD.

However, plant seeds containing ergine are legal to purchase and possess, but not consume.

= Images =

<gallery>
File:Morning glory seeds.jpg| ''Morning Glory seeds containing ergine''
File:LSA extraction.jpg| ''LSA extracted from morning glory seeds using a [[Cold Water Extraction]]''
</gallery>

= Links =

http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/lsa/lsa.shtml

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]

LSA

2014-11-30T07:46:00Z

Trees: /* Extraction */

[[File:Hbwr.jpg|200px|right]]
'''LSA''' is the generalized name for a class of psychedelic seeds and plants, along with some fungi, that contain the chemical '''Ergine'''. Ergine is a potent psychoactive and a precursor to synthesizing LSD.

Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds are prepared by removing the shell of the seed (as it may contain pesticides) crushing the internals, and mixing it in a drink or capsuled and taken orally. Some reports indicate if mixed with lemon juice, the crushed seeds can be taken sublingually, however this isn't common due to the strong taste.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds
|-
| Light || 1-2 seeds
|-
| Common || 2-6 seeds
|-
| Strong || 6-14 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 14+ seeds
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Light || 50-100 seeds
|-
| Common || 100-250 seeds
|-
| Strong || 250-400 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 400+ seeds
|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Onset || 30-180 minutes
|-
| Total || 4-10 hours
|}

= Effects =
== Positive ==
* Mood lift
* Feelings of insight
* Therapeutic psychological reflection (introspective thoughts and discussions)
* Increased interest in areas of thought that are normally ignored
* Increase in giggling and laughing
* Sensory enhancement (taste, smell, etc.)
* Closed- and open-eyed visuals including trails, color shifts, brightening, etc.

== Neutral ==
* Pupil dilation
* Sedation of the body and mind
* Change in perception of time
* Looping, patterned, out-of-control thinking
* Slight increase in heart rate
* Long lasting "afterglow" of effects

== Negative ==
* Increased anxiety/paranoia
* Nausea/vomiting
* Muscular tightness, particularly in the legs, back, and jaw
* Abdominal cramping
* Confusion
* Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD)
* Insomnia
* next day hangover, characterized by a feeling of mental sluggishness and dulled emotions.

= Harm Reduction =

See [[Psychedelics#Harm_Reduction|Psychedelic Harm Reduction]] for general information.

= Extraction =

LSA is often extracted from the seed medium in which it is purchased, to reduce the difficulty of consumption and potentially remove certain compounds which may cause nausea.

There are two main methods, cold water extraction and polar/nonpolar extraction.

[[Cold Water Extraction]]:

This method is simple and easily done with common household items. The seed material is ground down into a fine dust using a coffee grinder, herb grinder or mortar and pestle. This seed 'pulp' is then placed inside a teabag which has been emptied of it's contents, and the bag resealed using sellotape or some staples. The top of the bag should be folded over to prevent any seeds from escaping. The bag should then be submerged in 250-500ml of water. Wrap your containing glass in tin-foil to avoid subjecting the LSA to any excess light, and store in your fridge for 3-4 hours, stirring intermittently. When done, the bag can be removed, and the water consumed.

The drawbacks of cold water extraction are that many of the substances which may cause nausea may not be removed from the extract. It is not guaranteed that nausea will not result from this method.

Polar/non-polar extraction:

This method is significantly more advanced, however will allow for the extraction of fairly pure LSA crystals.

The first step again requires the grinding of the seed pulp to a fine powder. Then the pulp must be added to a quantity of petroleum ether in a seal-able container (Caution, petroleum ether is *not* food safe). When doing extractions keep in mind the principle of 'like dissolves like'. Petroleum ether is a nonpolar solvent which will dissolve all nonpolar compounds in the seed pulp. As LSA is a polar compound, it remains in the pulp. Store your mixture of seed pulp and petroleum ether in a cool dark place for anywhere up to 3 days (depending on how much desire a high yield), stirring intermittently, then filter it using coffee filters or some other method which will leave you with seed pulp separate from the petroleum ether. Discard the ''solution'' and keep the solid pulp. This process is also known as 'defatting' as it will remove any fats contained within the seed pulp due to their solubility in petroleum ether. These fats may be responsible for nausea if consumed.

The advantage to using petroleum ether is its high volatility - the seed pulp should be spread out across some paper in a well ventilated area to allow the petroleum ether to evaporate away. If purity is important, you may repeat the washing procedure again as many times as you wish with diminishing returns on purity.

The second phase of our extraction is the polar pull. To perform this we again mix our seed pulp with a solvent - this time a polar one. Pure ethanol is ideal, food safe and volatile it will easily dissolve our LSA. Mix the seed pulp in a suitable quantity of ethanol, again storing in a cool dark place for anywhere up to 3 days. Finally filter the solution again, this time discarding the ''seed pulp''.

The resulting ethanol solution should contain a relatively pure sample of LSA. This can be evaporated down by leaving out in a dish in a cool, dark, well ventilated place, and will yield solid crystals of LSA which can subsequently be consumed directly.

This method is significantly less likely to produce nausea, however it is not guaranteed, as some nausea can be produced by consuming pure LSA itself.

= Legal status =

Ergine, the active component in LSA, is schedule III in the USA. It is considered a precursor to LSD.

However, plant seeds containing ergine are legal to purchase and possess, but not consume.

= Images =

<gallery>
File:Morning glory seeds.jpg| ''Morning Glory seeds containing ergine''
File:LSA extraction.jpg| ''LSA extracted from morning glory seeds using a [[Cold Water Extraction]]''
</gallery>

= Links =

http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/lsa/lsa.shtml

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]

LSA

2014-11-30T07:45:09Z

Trees: /* Extraction */

[[File:Hbwr.jpg|200px|right]]
'''LSA''' is the generalized name for a class of psychedelic seeds and plants, along with some fungi, that contain the chemical '''Ergine'''. Ergine is a potent psychoactive and a precursor to synthesizing LSD.

Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds are prepared by removing the shell of the seed (as it may contain pesticides) crushing the internals, and mixing it in a drink or capsuled and taken orally. Some reports indicate if mixed with lemon juice, the crushed seeds can be taken sublingually, however this isn't common due to the strong taste.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds
|-
| Light || 1-2 seeds
|-
| Common || 2-6 seeds
|-
| Strong || 6-14 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 14+ seeds
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Light || 50-100 seeds
|-
| Common || 100-250 seeds
|-
| Strong || 250-400 seeds
|-
| Heavy || 400+ seeds
|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral Morning Glory Seeds
|-
| Onset || 30-180 minutes
|-
| Total || 4-10 hours
|}

= Effects =
== Positive ==
* Mood lift
* Feelings of insight
* Therapeutic psychological reflection (introspective thoughts and discussions)
* Increased interest in areas of thought that are normally ignored
* Increase in giggling and laughing
* Sensory enhancement (taste, smell, etc.)
* Closed- and open-eyed visuals including trails, color shifts, brightening, etc.

== Neutral ==
* Pupil dilation
* Sedation of the body and mind
* Change in perception of time
* Looping, patterned, out-of-control thinking
* Slight increase in heart rate
* Long lasting "afterglow" of effects

== Negative ==
* Increased anxiety/paranoia
* Nausea/vomiting
* Muscular tightness, particularly in the legs, back, and jaw
* Abdominal cramping
* Confusion
* Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD)
* Insomnia
* next day hangover, characterized by a feeling of mental sluggishness and dulled emotions.

= Harm Reduction =

See [[Psychedelics#Harm_Reduction|Psychedelic Harm Reduction]] for general information.

= Extraction =

LSA is often extracted from the seed medium in which it is purchased, to reduce the difficulty of consumption and potentially remove certain compounds which may cause nausea.

There are two main methods, cold water extraction and polar/nonpolar extraction.

[[Cold Water Extraction]]:

This method is simple and easily done with common household items. The seed material is ground down into a fine dust using a coffee grinder, herb grinder or mortar and pestle. This seed 'pulp' is then placed inside a teabag which has been emptied of it's contents, and the bag resealed using sellotape or some staples. The top of the bag should be folded over to prevent any seeds from escaping. The bag should then be submerged in 250-500ml of water. Wrap your containing glass in tin-foil to avoid subjecting the LSA to any excess light, and store in your fridge for 3-4 hours, stirring intermittantly. When done, the bag can be removed, and the water consumed.

The drawbacks of cold water extraction are that many of the substances which may cause nausea may not be removed from the extract. It is not guaranteed that nausea will not result from this method.

Polar/non-polar extraction:

This method is significantly more advanced, however will allow for the extraction of fairly pure LSA crystals.

The first step again requires the grinding of the seed pulp to a fine powder. Then the pulp must be added to a quantity of petroleum ether in a sealable container (Caution, petroleum ether is *not* food safe). When doing extractions keep in mind the principle of 'like dissolves like'. Petroleum ether is a nonpolar solvent which will dissolve all nonpolar compounds in the seed pulp. As LSA is a polar compound, it remains in the pulp. Store your mixture of seed pulp and petroleum ether in a cool dark place for anywhere up to 3 days (depending on how much desire a high yield), stirring intermittantly, then filter it using coffee filters or some other method which will leave you with seed pulp seperate from the petroleum ether. Discard the ''solution'' and keep the solid pulp. This process is also known as 'defatting' as it will remove any fats contained within the seed pulp due to their solubility in petroleum ether. These fats may be responsible for nausea if consumed.

The advantage to using petroleum ether is its high volatility - the seed pulp should be spread out across some paper in a well ventilated area to allow the petroleum ether to evaporate away. If purity is important, you may repeat the washing procedure again as many times as you wish with diminishing returns on purity.

The second phase of our extraction is the polar pull. To perform this we again mix our seed pulp with a solvent - this time a polar one. Pure ethanol is ideal, food safe and volatile it will easily dissolve our LSA. Mix the seed pulp in a suitable quantity of ethanol, again storing in a cool dark place for anwhere up to 3 days. Finally filter the solution again, this time discarding the ''seed pulp''.

The resulting ethanol solution should contain a relatively pure sample of LSA. This can be evaporated down by leaving out in a dish in a cool, dark, well ventilated place, and will yield solid crystals of LSA which can subsequently be consumed directly.

This method is significantly less likely to produce nausea, however it is not guaranteed, as some nausea can be produced by consuming pure LSA itself.

= Legal status =

Ergine, the active component in LSA, is schedule III in the USA. It is considered a precursor to LSD.

However, plant seeds containing ergine are legal to purchase and possess, but not consume.

= Images =

<gallery>
File:Morning glory seeds.jpg| ''Morning Glory seeds containing ergine''
File:LSA extraction.jpg| ''LSA extracted from morning glory seeds using a [[Cold Water Extraction]]''
</gallery>

= Links =

http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/lsa/lsa.shtml

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]

Terms of Service

2014-11-27T04:53:06Z

Trees: /* We Allow */

= Contact Us =
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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| Swag
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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|-
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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| Misinformation is harmful to our community.
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=== No information is better than wrong information. ===
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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|-
| It is still better to inform the person there may be no current information rather than staying silent and having them wonder if anyone noticed it.
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| In most instances, people on the internet are not qualified to provide medical advice.
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| Members of the TripSit community are extremely knowledgeable, wise, and often have ample life experience in a range of situations pertaining to drug use; however, they are no substitute for a personal doctor.
|-
| If you do not have sources to validate your advice, do not say anything related to medical advice.
|}

==Do not suggest harmful actions to others.==

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! It is against the rules to endorse or encourage dangerous behavior regarding drug consumption.
|-
| The TripSit community is devoted to [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Harm_Reduction_Supplies harm reduction], support, and positvitiy, and we will never recommend or tolerate dangerous or reckless drug use.
|-
| Users identified as continually engaging in reckless drug-use behavior are seen as a bad influence on the community as a whole, actively working against our [http://tripsit.me/about-tripsit/about-tripsit/ mission] to be a a harm-reduction community devoted to positive support.
|-
| All users are expected to discourage drug dosages, [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations drug combinations], or any drug experimentation which could be reliably considered unsafe.
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== Do not overdose and continue to chat, get help. ==

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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| Note that if a situation is identified as life threatening, or one in which the community's users believe immediate medical attention is required, we will always attempt to contact local medical personnel to help you.
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| As such, these behaviors are considered against the rules and violators may be subjected to temporary or permanent bans (situation depending).
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== Do not threaten suicide. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! While TripSitters will try their best to help member cope with down feelings of depression or worse, we cannot tolerate threats of suicide.
|-
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| In a situation in which we fear for a user’s life, we will remind them of the guidelines stated above and do everything in our power to assist the member find qualified help.
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| These behaviors disrupt the primary objectives of our community.
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| Therefore, suicide threats and attempts are considered against the rules, and while we will try our best to help in the immediate timescale, such threats and attempts may result in either a temporary or permanent ban from the community (under discretion from the administrators).
|-
| We endorse Reddit's [http://reddit.com/r/suicidewatch SuicideWatch] community.
|-
| '''Suicide prevention hotlines'''
|-
| *USA, National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255
|-
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suicide_crisis_lines List of international suicide crisis hotlines]
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| '''Poison control hotlines'''
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| USA: 888 888 8822
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| UK: 111
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== Do not use mix drugs and mental illness. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! The TripSit community will not serve as enabler for the destruction of mental or physical health.
|-
| While we are very accepting of members who may have mental illnesses and/or disorders, we do not condone or encourage the use or abuse of drugs that could interact, worsen, or otherwise negatively affect your health.
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| Please seek medical assistance if you have a question regarding mental illnesses or disorders and their interactions with drugs.
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= Do not try to buy or sell anything. =
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Attempting to solicit or obtain contraband substances or substances of a quasi-legal status or information on how to do so is not allowed.
|-
| '''Sourcing is defined as:'''
|-
| '''Discussion, requesting or posting the personally identifying information of websites, online vendors (this includes websites such as Amazon) and real-life people who sell or coordinate the purchase, distribution, or production of: Chemicals (legal, clearnet, or otherwise), paraphernalia, and currencies (bitcoin).'''
|-
| Keep in mind sarcasm is hard to tell on the internet, it's better to err on the side of caution when considering to jokingly ask for sources.
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Definitions
|-
| Vendor || A person or group selling or distributing specific goods.
|-
| Marketplace || A trade hub on which Vendors’ trade goods.
|-
| Linking || Posting a URL hyperlink into a channel.
|}

== We do not allow ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Linking to chemical vendors. Legal, clearnet, or otherwise.
|-
| This includes, but is not limited to:
|-
| Legal psychoactives, such as caffeine, nootropics, or tobacco
|-
| Darknet marketplaces
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| Research Chemicals
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| "Legal Highs"
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| Herbal supplements or blends
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Soliciting currencies and/or substances.
|-
| This includes, but is not limited to:
|-
| Asking for currencies in a public channel
|-
| Asking for drugs in a public channel (Remember, sarcasm is hard to tell on the internet)
|-
| Asking for a vendor's name '''(This includes doctors)''', URL, PGP key or any other contact information.
|-
| Selling currencies or drugs in a public channel
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Discussion of vendors.
|-
| The following are unacceptable questions:
|-
| "How is reliable is [vendor]?"
|-
| "Hey how much does Vendor's weed sell for?"
|-
| "How much does [Chemical] cost on Chemicals.com?"
|-
| "Does [Vendor] on [Marketplace] have good [Drug]"
|-
| Discussing the specifics or otherwise going in depth to the mechanics of online vending.
|}

==We Allow==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Discussing brand name products.
|-
| "Do you enjoy Valium?" || NOT: Do you enjoy Vendor's lsd?
|-
| "I love my iTaste MPV2 vape!" || NOT: This is where I bought my e-cigarette!
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Linking to a [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Clearnet_Vendor_Discussion discussion page for clearnet vendors], not the vendor itself.
|-
| Linking to harm reduction equipment is allowed, but please check that our source doesn't contain any chemicals.
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Linking to paraphernalia and [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Harm_Reduction_Supplies harm reduction equipment]
|-
| Harm reduction equipment includes:
|-
| Scales
|-
| Test Kits
|-
| Sterile needles
|-
| Sterile water
|-
| Nitrous dispensers
|-
| Water Pipes
|-
| Vaporizers
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Talking about marketplaces in a GENERAL sense.
|-
| For example, the following are acceptable questions:
|-
| "Can SR 2.0 be trusted?"
|-
| "Is it safe to trade on Agora?"
|-
| Asking the price of a drug in a general sense.
|-
| "How much does weed cost in [given area]?"
|-
| "How much does [substance] usually cost?"
|}

= Disclaimer of Liability =

== We assume no liability for actions as a result of using our service. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! You indemnify TripSit, it's managers, and it's users.
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| TripSit's managers (any owner, operator, or associate of this website, including but not limited to the administrators, moderators, webmaster, technical contacts, and officers; henceforth to be referred to simply as 'managers') take no responsibility or liability for anything that happens as a result of you reading or posting any information at TripSit.
|}

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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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|-
| Neither TripSit nor its managers assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, document, link, product, or post disclosed within this website.
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|-
| Nothing on the board is to be taken as real and these may be games or fantasies people are expressing, therefore: Research on your own before taking someone's advice or following their example.
|}

= Privacy =

== Everything on the internet is public. ==

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! Everything you post on the internet can be recorded in some way and can/will make its way back to you.
|-
| It is for your own safety and the safety of the network that these rules are in place.
|-
| TripSit does not keep data logs of our users, but our public channels are open to anyone who wants to gather logs. We simply cannot stop this in a public channel.
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| Any communication that you transmit to TripSit should be considered non-confidential, and you agree that TripSit will not be liable or responsible if information that belongs to you is intercepted or used by an unintended recipient.
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== TripSit itself does not collect any personal information. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! This website uses cookies to store information on your local computer.
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== We do not share what personal information we have. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! We will never share what little information we have with anyone, unless Terms of Service are broken.
|-
| TripSit will not share member information with any party, unless the member has violated the TripSit User Agreement, in which case TripSit may take all necessary measures to ensure its security, including publishing the information or sharing it with private investigators.
|-
| Please note: This has never happened.
|}

== We do not watch private messages. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! TripSit does not have the capacity to store or read private messages.
|-
| TripSit does not monitor private communications; however, it should be assumed that any other party is logging what they see in public chat or a private message.
|-
| For additional privacy: TripSit provides a Tor hidden service to protect the identity of users, and you are welcome to use this hidden service at your own discretion.
|}

== We are not responsible if the security of our systems is compromised. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! The managers cannot be held responsible for any hacking attempt that may lead to the data being compromised.
|-
| To prevent unauthorized access, maintain data accuracy, and ensure the appropriate use of information, TripSit has put in place physical, electronic, and managerial procedures to safeguard and secure the information it collects online
|-
| Any unauthorized access to this system is prohibited and is subject to criminal and civil penalties under Federal Laws including but not limited to Public Laws 83-703 and 99-47
|-
| IP addresses may be recorded to aid in enforcing these conditions.
|}

= Measures =

== We can and will remove users and accounts if we feel it is necessary. ==

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! TripSit reserves the right to take action to restrict or terminate your access to TripSit at any time for any reason.
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| In the case of repeated offences or a bad attitude, we reserve the right to forgo established protocols in favor of the community.
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| TripSit and its managers have the right to remove, edit, move or close any submitted data at any time should they choose to.
|}

== We do not work with law enforcement. ==

== If we are required by law to do give information, then we will need to comply. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
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| We will need to comply with the appliciable laws when necessary.
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| A lawyer will be contacted in this event, as well as yourself.

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=== Please note this has never happened. ===

= Non-TripSit rooms =

== We do not watch every channel created, but if we hear a report, we will take action. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! We reserve the right to take action in non-TripSit rooms if the Terms of Service have been broken.
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| The TripSit Team will not police rooms created by users, however, if there are reports of activity going against our rules we reserve the right to intervene, including the permanent takeover or shutdown of a channel.
|-
| Channels that are created on our network, official or otherwise, still adhere to our terms of service.
|-
| If a channel is in violation of the terms of service, the Tripsit administrative team reserves the right to permanently close or delete a channel, and ban the users in violation of the terms of service.
|}

= Underage users =

== We do not allow anyone under the age of 13 to be on the network. ==

== Under 18 users are not allowed in the #opiates channel. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! While TripSit welcomes users and communities from all ends of the spectrum, our network is not designed for nor aimed at children.
|-
| In accordance with the United States government and the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998, individuals under the age of 13 are not permitted to browse TripSit nor create user accounts.
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|-
| If you have collected information from or about a child under the age of 13, both parties will face a network ban.
|}

= Accounts =

== Nicknames or channels cannot be offensive. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Nicknames Nicknames] and channels may not contain any racial slurs or bigotry.
|-
| In this case the user will be forced to choose another name, multiple offenses may result in bans.
|-
| The administrators of TripSit reserve the right to delete any and all data associated with abandoned accounts including, but not limited to: Profile information entered by the user, channels owned by the user or blog posts made by the user.
|-
| Further, TripSit reserves the right to reissue the username & any channels associated with an abandoned account.
|-
| An account is deemed to be abandoned if the account has no activity in the last three months.
|-
| A channel is deemed to be abandoned if the channel has no operator activity in the last month.
|-
|
|}

= Third party sites =

== This is a list of our online presence. ==
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! The TripSit staff maintains an offsite presence (to some extent) on the following sites:
|-
| Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tripsitme
|-
| Reddit: http://reddit.com/r/tripsit
|-
| GoFundMe: http://www.gofundme.com/tripsit

|-
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|-
| Mumble: coconut.tripsit.me

|-
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|-
| Any links to Facebook groups, chat rooms, or other online communities other than those listed here are not affiliated with TripSit in any way.
|-
| The administration of TripSit cannot enforce our policies off site.
|}

= Thanks for reading! =

Ketamine

2014-11-04T22:25:39Z

Trees: /* Duration */

[[File:Ketamine.png|right|Ketamine molecule]]

'''Ketamine''' is a ''dissociative anesthetic'' that belongs to the arylcyclohexylamine class, and commonly used in human medical and veterinary care. It has a very wide safety margin, with an anesthetic dose being as much as ten times a recreational dose in an inexperienced user.
Ketamine is generally sold to the recreational user in one of two forms: in the evaporated salts, which are sold as a powder, or crystals (often referred to as shards), as well as in multi-dose vials for use in veterinary and human medicine. These vials may have concentrations ranging from 5mg/mL all the way up to 100mg/mL, and vary by manufacturer. One manufacturer, Parke-Davis, reports cases of accidental overdoses of ketamine as much as ten times higher than that required for surgery (which is to say 40-100x a recreational dose) "with no obvious, lasting effects." It is, therefore, reasonable to consider it a drug of relatively safe usage. Because ketamine is a dissociative and an anesthetic, users are prone to becoming injured by interaction with their environment and have died from things such as drowning (DM Turner). Overdose, however, is unlikely.

== History ==
Ketamine was originally produced by Parke-Davis laboratories in the early 1960s, and its recreational use was first reported in 1965; by the early 1970s, the US FDA was concerned about its use as a recreational drug. In the early 1990s, the US "Drug Czar" labeled ketamine as an "emerging drug" because of its involvement in the electronic music scene, and by 1999, it had been scheduled in the United States (Schedule III), although this designation is only applicable when the drug is intended for use in humans.

== Dosage ==
Ketamine is usually either injected intramuscularly (although intravenous administration does happen) or insufflated. Additional routes of administration are "plugging" (rectal) and orally. Oral availability of ketamine is poor.

These numbers are quoted directly from Erowid (which uses subjective dosage reports). Individual dosages will vary based on route of administration, tolerance and weight of the user, purity of the drug, as well as other conditions. It is always wise to start with a small dose and work up to a recreational dose. Remember, you cannot take less of the drug you have taken, but you can always take more.

=== A note on the "K-hole" ===

There is no "guaranteed" dose to "hole" with ketamine. The "k-hole" as it is called is a state of full dissociative anesthesia in which the user is able to retain a semblance of consciousness. The effect associated with this is ego death; that is, the dissolution of the ego, the loss of the perspective of "I" in perception. It is a tricky dose to attain. Reaching too far with dosage will result in full anesthesia without memory of the experience and is worthless for recreational or psychonautical purposes. Too low a dosage will result in a mild sedation and body load, but no ego death, and redosing when anesthetized is tricky.

It is posited that using a needle and a precisely measured dose is more likely to get a user to a full state of ego death, the k-hole, due to the lack of titration of dosage, rapid come-up, and exactly-metered dosage. Finding a dosage that "works for you" is important, and there will need to be a period of experimentation before such a dose is found. Assuming the user does not approach this dose very often, tolerance should not build, and it can be consistently used to reach that level of effect/ego death.

It may be helpful for the user to measure out doses in syringes before using if a re-dose is desired; pulling a new shot can be difficult while under the effects of ketamine, and takes time while the drug is wearing off. Administering a shot while anesthetized can be perilous at best; for this reason, re-dosing is not recommended. If one must re-dose, use of an "auto-ject" like device (a spring loaded syringe) is convenient.

Because the "k-hole" involves full dissociative anesthesia, it is crucial that the user be in a safe place, physically, such as lying flat in bed. It may be useful to have a sitter present because arousal from the k-hole may be disorienting.

Understand, however, that there is no guaranteed mechanism for "reaching the hole," and it takes practice. Become familiar with the drug before taking large doses such as those required to reach the "hole." Find a dose that works for you.

=== Oral ===

1-4mg/lb of body mass. Doses higher than 3mg/lb may exceed the recreational window and leave the user anesthetized rather than "tripping." Doses of 2-3mg/lb may incur greater (short-term) memory loss and have little additional value as a psychedelic.

=== Insufflated ===

Threshold effects may begin at about .25mg/lb body mass, and recreational doses can range up to 2mg/lb, with common doses being 1mg/lb of body mass. As above, higher doses may not yield greater desirable effect. Ketamine is reported to be fairly gentle on the nasal tissues compared to brominated phenethylamines and organofluorides.

=== Intramuscular injection ===

Typically 1mg/lb body mass for IM injection is quite sufficient for a full dissociative experience. Doses of .5-.75mg/lb are more "threshold" and cogent experiences. Doses exceeding 1mg/lb body mass usually result in full anesthesia with little recall of the experience and may take longer to recover. There may be short-term memory loss with higher doses.

=== Intravenous injection ===

Intravenous injection is possible with ketamine. The doses are the same as for intramuscular injection. However, with intravenous injection, the user can become fully anesthetized before she is able to remove the needle from her body. For this reason alone intravenous injection of ketamine is discouraged. Additionally, intramuscular injection provides a near-identical experience with the only major difference being a shorter (< 1 minute vs < 2 minutes) come-up.

== Duration ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 10-75 minutes
|-
| Total || 1-2 hours
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflation
|-
| Onset || 7.5-20 minutes
|-
| Total || 1-2 hours
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Intramuscular
|-
| Onset || <2 minutes
|-
| Peak || 1-2 hours
|-
| After-effects || 60 minutes
|}

== Effects ==

=== Positive ===

* Ego death is a state often sought in the use of psychedelics, and ketamine is often considered to be a very quick route to ego death, in a repeatable, safe way.
* Some users report euphoria.
* Pain relief.
* There has been some indication that ketamine, in low doses (20-30mg), can be an effective anti-depressant.

=== Neutral ===

=== Negative ===

* Long-term, chronic usage may lead to psychosis.
* Bladder and lower urinary tract discomfort, up to and including tissue necrosis requiring replacement of bladder, ureters, and urethra, has been reported<ref>https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/ketamine/ketamine_article2.shtml</ref>. If these effects are noticed, discontinue use immediately. There is no known treatment for this except cessation of use. Symptoms may subside with discontinuation.
* Ketamine is well-known in the psychedelics community to be habit-forming. It may not be technically 'physically addictive', but certainly psychological dependence is an issue that is widely reported.
* Any substance used intramuscularly or intravenously can be associated with abscesses among other hazards.

=== After effects ===

* Ketamine takes much longer to return to a complete baseline than is immediately apparent to the user. While major effects subside in usually less than an hour, some research has shown it can take a day or longer for more subtle psychological effects to subside. For this reason, it is important to be careful with redosing and daily usage.

== Harm Reduction ==

See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.

==Preparation of injectable ketamine solution from "street" ketamine ==
It is assumed that ketamine provided is simply the evaporated shards of veterinary-grade ketamine (e.g., Ketalar, Ketaset, etc). These instructions do not cover "extraction" of ketamine from non-ketamine-containing mixtures. Additionally, the assumed route of administration here is intramuscular, not intravenous; intravenous solutions can have a higher concentration of ketamine per ml.

=== A note on purity of "street" ketamine ===
Anecdotal evidence suggests that even the "cleanest" ketamine available on the street cannot be sterile, or even assured to be 100% ketamine (common household dust and debris being an example of non-deliberate contamination; too small to see in a powder, but big enough to cause a problem for injection). If the procedure below is followed without the step of using the syringe filter of appropriate depth, particulate will appear in the final solution. These particles may be made sterile by boiling or the addition of benzyl alcohol. However, they can clog needles, and more importantly, they can lead to abscesses (sterile and non-sterile) in the muscles chosen for injection. This can become a medical emergency, and may need to be [http://www.thegooddrugsguide.com/gallery/before-and-after-drug-abuse/steroid-abuse/abusing-fake-steroids.htm surgically removed] ('''warning: graphic content'''). Early treatment is possible with antibiotics. An abscess will feel like a "lump" under the skin at the injection site, will usually be visibly raised, and warm to the touch. Seek treatment early if you have these symptoms.

=== Material ===

* Sterile saline solution
* Ketamine powder or "shards"
* Benzyl alcohol
* Sterile 10ml multi-dose vials
* Septums ("tops") per each multi-dose vial
* Sterile glass stirring rods
* Sterile beaker or graduated cylinder of greater than 50ml capacity
* Sterile syringe filters (22μm)
* Sterile 20cc syringes
* Temperature-controlled hot plate with magnetic stirring device or glass stirring rods, above

=== Preparation ===

Ketamine is quite soluble in water up to about 200mg/ml when warm and closer to 100mg/ml at room temperature.

# To begin, measure out one gram (1g) of ketamine per 10ml of saline solution used. Heat water in the beaker or cylinder to 80°C.
::''note:'' boiling is preferable but will throw off the total volume of water and thus the ratio of ketamine per cc.
# Per 10ml, measure out .1ml of benzyl alcohol (1%), and dispense to each multi-dose vial.
::''note:'' benzyl alcohol and benzyl benzoate are soluble in water, but require stirring and heating. Either should stay in solution after the water is heated and subsequently cools.

# Add ketamine powder to the heated water.
# Stir using a glass stirring rod or magnetic stirring device.
# When powder is visibly dissolved in the sterile solution, meter out 10ml of the solution using a 20cc syringe per 10ml vial.
# Using the 22μm syringe filter, add 10ml of the ketamine solution per multi-dose vial, pushing through (not pulling through) the syringe filter.
# Apply septum to each multi-dose vial and allow solution to cool to at most 30°C.

=== Notes on parenteral usage ===

Always use a test injection of e.g., 1/10th cc (in this case, 10mg) before actually using a therapeutic or recreational dose.

Benzyl benzoate may be used instead of benzyl alcohol at 1-2% per volume as a preservative/antimicrobial agent.

Ketamine is highly soluble in water at room- and body temperature. That said, for intramuscular injection, it is very important to ensure the solution will not "crash" (come out of solution) post-injection because of the solution cooling. Under no circumstances should you prepare a solution of greater than 100mg/ml or inject a solution that is above body temperature.
:''' ''note'' ''': left in a multi-dose vial or in syringes, ketamine can come out of solution if the ambient temperature dips low enough. there is at least one anecdote of a winter breeze through a domicile cooling both syringes and a vial sufficiently that crystals began to condense from the solution. obviously one should not attempt to inject the contents of a syringe if crystalline content is evident.

With benzyl alcohol or benzyl benzoate, in sterile sealed vials, having been processed through a syringe filter, and kept above freezing, this solution should remain quite stable and sterile indefinitely.

== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==

=== Pharmacokinetics ===

Ketamine is absorbable via intravenous, intramuscular, oral, and topical routes due to both its water and lipid solubilities.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546251</ref> When administered orally, it undergoes first-pass metabolism, where it is biotransformed in the liver by CYP3A4 (major), CYP2B6 (minor), and CYP2C9 (minor) isoenzymes into norketamine (through N-demethylation) and finally dehydronorketamine.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18175098</ref> Intermediate in the biotransformation of norketamine into dehydronorketamine is the hydroxylation of norketamine into 5-hydroxynorketamine by CYP2B6 and CYP2A6. Dehydronorketamine, followed by norketamine, is the most prevalent metabolite detected in urine.<ref>http://www.dovepress.com/to-use-or-not-to-use-an-update-on-licit-and-illicit-ketamine-use-peer-reviewed-article-SAR</ref> As the major metabolite of ketamine, norketamine is one-third to one-fifth as potent anesthetically, and plasma levels of this metabolite are three times higher than ketamine following oral administration.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546251</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1308374</ref>Bioavailability through the oral route reaches 17–20%; bioavailability through other routes are as follows: 93% intramuscularly, 25–50% intranasally, 30% sublingually, and 30% rectally.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21419322</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18175098</ref> Peak plasma concentrations are reached within a minute intravenously, 5–15 min intramuscularly, and 30 min orally.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1308374</ref> Ketamine's duration of action in a clinical setting is 30 min to 2 h intramuscularly and 4–6 h orally.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21419322</ref>

Plasma concentrations of ketamine are increased by diazepam and other CYP3A4 inhibitors.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21419322</ref>

=== Pharmacodynamics ===

Pharmacologically, ketamine is classified as an NMDA receptor antagonist.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2858237</ref> At high, fully anesthetic level doses, ketamine has also been found to bind to μ-opioid receptors type 2 in cultured human neuroblastoma cells – however, without agonist activity<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14530949</ref> and to sigma receptors in rats.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11900615</ref> Ketamine also interacts with muscarinic receptors, descending monoaminergic pain pathways and voltage-gated calcium channels,[61]and it inhibits hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–modulated (HCN1) cation channels.

== Images ==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Ketamine_hcl.jpg|''Ketamine Vial''
Image:K_baggie.jpg|''Bag of Ketamine''
Image:K_lines.jpg|''Lines of ketamine''
</gallery>

== Legal status ==

* United States: Schedule III<ref>http://www.justice.gov/dea/druginfo/ds.shtml</ref>
In some countries, such as Thailand and Mexico, ketamine is available over-the-counter without a prescription; legality for human use is questionable, however.

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Dissociative]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

Stimulants

2014-11-04T11:37:10Z

Trees: /* Interactions */

Stimulants induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both, increasing the functioning of the central nervous system. They are also occasionally referred to collectively as 'uppers.'

==Common Stimulants==

* [[Amphetamine|Amphetamines]]

* [[Methamphetamine]]

* [[Caffeine]]

* [[Nicotine]]

* [[Cocaine]]

* [[Methylphenidate]]

* [[MDMA]]

* [[Piperazines]]

* [[Cathinones]]

Many [[psychedelics|psychedelic]] drugs such as [[LSD]] or [[2C-X]] are also stimulating to varying degrees.

==History==

Stimulants have a long history of human use, with cocaine having been used for thousands of years in its plant form in South America, for the purposes of wakefulness and recreation; it also saw heavy use in the Western world during the 19th century when it was sold as a drug to combat fatigue, as well as being used during medical procedures as a local anaesthetic. Amphetamines were first developed and used medically for the same reasons in the early 20th century, and remain heavily prescribed to this day. Today, stimulants are also widely and legally used without prescription across the world in the form of caffeine and nicotine, along with continuing illicit use of other common stimulants.

==General Effects==

'''For more details refer to specific categories or substances.'''

===Positive===

* Euphoria

* Mental stimulation

* Improved physical performance

* Wakefulness

* Increased alertness

===Neutral===

* Weight loss

* Loss of appetite

===Negative===

* Disturbances in circadian rhythm

* Tachycardia

* Bruxism

* Muscle tension

* Sleep deprivation

Further and more serious issues can arise following a binge or during withdrawals from stimulants, see the [[Quick Guide to Stimulant Comedowns]] for more information.

==Addiction==

The vast majority of stimulants carry a high risk of habituation and addiction when abused. Depending on the chemical and degree of abuse, withdrawal symptoms for a habituated user vary in effect, duration and intensity; see the [[Quick Guide to Stimulant Comedowns]] for more information.

==Harm Reduction==

The harms of stimulants come in two general classes: 1) Harms that come from the direct pharmacology of the substance and 2) Harms that come from the behaviors exihibited by stimulant users.

=== Route of Administration ===

Many stimulants can be vaporized or insufflated. This can cause damage to the nasal lining, oral mucosa and lungs. Ensuring that equipment is clean and sterile can prevent infection as well as making sure pipes are free of cracks and defects. As stimulants place extra strain on the cardiovascular system, it is advised that those who have pre-existing heart conditions or damage avoid stimulant use entirely.

Additionally methods that cause levels of the drug to increase rapidly and decline rapidly are prone to redose compulsion. Most stimulants are well absorbed orally, and this should be the prefered roa if possible.

=== Sleep ===

Sleep deprivation is also a common side effect of stimulant use, and prolonged sleep deprivation can lead to more serious conditions such as psychosis or sudden death. Long acting stimulants are best dosed once in the early morning as to avoid any intereference with sleep. It is important to get normal levels of sleep every night. A sleep deficit take much longer to recover from than to create.

=== Food ===

Most stimulants strongly suppress apetite. It is important to get enough macro and micronutrients while using stimulants. While tolerant users will have less problems eating normal foods, newer users can find themselves unable to eat at all. Easy to eat foods should be obtained prior to stimulant use so they can be eaten as needed. Fruit and cereal grains can provide needed starch and sugar. Protiens and fats can be obtained from yogurt, nuts, or commercial trail mix.

=== Self Care ===

It can be easy to neglect the needs of your body while using stimulants. Stimulants often cause xerostomia which is exasperated by contantly drinking sugary liquids. Water is the best fluid for hydration and does not promote decay. After eating or drinking caloric liquids it is important to brush your teeth. Bruxing is a common side effect of stimulant use. Sugar-free gum or custom occlusal guards can be obtained to limit the impact of bruxing not only on your teeth but also on the muscles of the jaw and neck.

=== Direct Pharmacological Harm ===

Stimulants can be directly neurotoxic, and tend to cause progressive harm over time to the cardiovascular system. Be sure to research the toxicity of any new stimulant you use, especially when using novel stimulants. Harm tends to be correleted strongly with dose and frequency of use, reduce these if at all possible.

===Interactions===

Stimulants cause many of their effects by regulating and enhancing the regular function of bodily systems, including the central nervous, cardiovascular, circulatory, respiratory and more. When stimulants are combined with other drugs the resulting mix of body-signals can be dangerous in a variety of ways.

Using stimulants in combination with other stimulants typically causes an increase in the extent to which one or more of the drugs' effects are felt upon the body. This can result in over-stimulation and potentially dangerous increases in blood pressure, heart-rate/rhythm, and core temperature.

The combined effects of stimulants and depressants will often result in some of the effects from one or more drug being reduced in either perceived or actual severity.

''It is difficult if not impossible to determine how much the effects of one drug may be altered by another drug.''

As such it is very easy to misjudge the differences in overall effect on vital functions when combining depressants with stimulants.

Furthermore the ''duration'' of the effects produced by different drugs will vary.

This means that the effects from a stimulant may wear off sooner than the depressant's effects do, or vise-versa. For example, it is possible for speedball users to go into cardiac arrest from the sudden increase in depressant effects once the stimulant-drug wears off.

'''Refer to [[Drug combinations]] for more specific information.'''

==Images==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Vyvanse.jpg|''Vyvanse'' (Lisdexamfetamine)
Image:Adderall.jpg|''Adderall''
</gallery>

==Links==

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant

http://wiki.bluelight.org/index.php/Category:Amphetamines

http://reddit.com/r/drugs/wiki/drugs#wiki_stimulants

http://www.drugscience.org.uk/drugs-info/amphetamine/

http://www.fredonia.edu/athletics/health/davis/drug_book/chapter6.htm

[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

Amphetamine

2014-11-04T09:52:47Z

Trees: /* Harm Reduction */

[[File:Spaste.png|thumb|500px|Dried speed paste]]

Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant, producing mild euphoria and an abundance of energy. Amphetamines include both the specific chemical 'amphetamine' and the general class of chemicals which share structural similaries. Amphetamines generally cause strong physical and mental stimulation, keeping users awake and alert for many hours, and some amphetamines cause mood lift / euphoria. Because they increase wakefulness, various amphetamines have been used by the military, by pilots, truck drivers, and other workers to keep functioning past their normal limits.

Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine properly refers to the racemic free base, or equal parts of the enantiomers levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms. Nonetheless, the term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers, or to either of them alone.

= Dosage =

Depending on purity, amphetamine dosage '''will''' vary.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 25-40mg
|-
| Common || 40-75mg
|-
| Strong || 75-125mg
|-
| Heavy || 125-175mg+
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflated
|-
| Light || 15-25mg
|-
| Common || 25-40mg
|-
| Strong || 40-75mg
|-
| Heavy || 75-100mg+
|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 15-30 minutes
|-
| Total || 2-4 hours
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflated
|-
| Onset || 1-5 minutes
|-
| Total || 1-3 hours
|}

= Effects =

== Positive ==

* Increased focus

* Abundance of energy

* Increased motivation

== Negative ==

* Racing thoughts

* Reduced appetite

* Flushing of the face

* Increased body temperature

* Tachycardia (Elevated heart rate)

* Paranoia

* Insomnia

== After effects ==

* Hangover

* Afterglow

* Restlessness

* Persisting stimulation (5-15 hours after last dose.)

= Harm Reduction =

* Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery

* Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance

See [[Stimulants#Harm_Reduction|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for general information.

== Detection Times ==

* Blood: 12 hours

* Hair: 90 days

* Saliva: 3 days

* Urine: 1-4 days

= Images =

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Spaste.png|''Drying amphetamine paste''
Image:Amphetamine.jpg|''Amphetamine with vial''
Image:Amphetamines.JPG|''~50mg of amphetamine''
</gallery>

= Legal status =

* Canada: Schedule I

* Great Britain: Class B

* Thailand: Category 1

* United States: [http://www.justice.gov/dea/druginfo/ds.shtml Schedule II]

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]

Stimulants

2014-11-04T09:52:37Z

Trees: /* Common Stimulants */

Stimulants induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both, increasing the functioning of the central nervous system. They are also occasionally referred to collectively as 'uppers.'

==Common Stimulants==

* [[Amphetamine|Amphetamines]]

* [[Methamphetamine]]

* [[Caffeine]]

* [[Nicotine]]

* [[Cocaine]]

* [[Methylphenidate]]

* [[MDMA]]

* [[Piperazines]]

* [[Cathinones]]

Many [[psychedelics|psychedelic]] drugs such as [[LSD]] or [[2C-X]] are also stimulating to varying degrees.

==History==

Stimulants have a long history of human use, with cocaine having been used for thousands of years in its plant form in South America, for the purposes of wakefulness and recreation; it also saw heavy use in the Western world during the 19th century when it was sold as a drug to combat fatigue, as well as being used during medical procedures as a local anaesthetic. Amphetamines were first developed and used medically for the same reasons in the early 20th century, and remain heavily prescribed to this day. Today, stimulants are also widely and legally used without prescription across the world in the form of caffeine and nicotine, along with continuing illicit use of other common stimulants.

==General Effects==

'''For more details refer to specific categories or substances.'''

===Positive===

* Euphoria

* Mental stimulation

* Improved physical performance

* Wakefulness

* Increased alertness

===Neutral===

* Weight loss

* Loss of appetite

===Negative===

* Disturbances in circadian rhythm

* Tachycardia

* Bruxism

* Muscle tension

* Sleep deprivation

Further and more serious issues can arise following a binge or during withdrawals from stimulants, see the [[Quick Guide to Stimulant Comedowns]] for more information.

==Addiction==

The vast majority of stimulants carry a high risk of habituation and addiction when abused. Depending on the chemical and degree of abuse, withdrawal symptoms for a habituated user vary in effect, duration and intensity; see the [[Quick Guide to Stimulant Comedowns]] for more information.

==Harm Reduction==

The harms of stimulants come in two general classes: 1) Harms that come from the direct pharmacology of the substance and 2) Harms that come from the behaviors exihibited by stimulant users.

=== Route of Administration ===

Many stimulants can be vaporized or insufflated. This can cause damage to the nasal lining, oral mucosa and lungs. Ensuring that equipment is clean and sterile can prevent infection as well as making sure pipes are free of cracks and defects. As stimulants place extra strain on the cardiovascular system, it is advised that those who have pre-existing heart conditions or damage avoid stimulant use entirely.

Additionally methods that cause levels of the drug to increase rapidly and decline rapidly are prone to redose compulsion. Most stimulants are well absorbed orally, and this should be the prefered roa if possible.

=== Sleep ===

Sleep deprivation is also a common side effect of stimulant use, and prolonged sleep deprivation can lead to more serious conditions such as psychosis or sudden death. Long acting stimulants are best dosed once in the early morning as to avoid any intereference with sleep. It is important to get normal levels of sleep every night. A sleep deficit take much longer to recover from than to create.

=== Food ===

Most stimulants strongly suppress apetite. It is important to get enough macro and micronutrients while using stimulants. While tolerant users will have less problems eating normal foods, newer users can find themselves unable to eat at all. Easy to eat foods should be obtained prior to stimulant use so they can be eaten as needed. Fruit and cereal grains can provide needed starch and sugar. Protiens and fats can be obtained from yogurt, nuts, or commercial trail mix.

=== Self Care ===

It can be easy to neglect the needs of your body while using stimulants. Stimulants often cause xerostomia which is exasperated by contantly drinking sugary liquids. Water is the best fluid for hydration and does not promote decay. After eating or drinking caloric liquids it is important to brush your teeth. Bruxing is a common side effect of stimulant use. Sugar-free gum or custom occlusal guards can be obtained to limit the impact of bruxing not only on your teeth but also on the muscles of the jaw and neck.

=== Direct Pharmacological Harm ===

Stimulants can be directly neurotoxic, and tend to cause progressive harm over time to the cardiovascular system. Be sure to research the toxicity of any new stimulant you use, especially when using novel stimulants. Harm tends to be correleted strongly with dose and frequency of use, reduce these if at all possible.

===Interactions===

==Images==

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Vyvanse.jpg|''Vyvanse'' (Lisdexamfetamine)
Image:Adderall.jpg|''Adderall''
</gallery>

==Links==

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant

http://wiki.bluelight.org/index.php/Category:Amphetamines

http://reddit.com/r/drugs/wiki/drugs#wiki_stimulants

http://www.drugscience.org.uk/drugs-info/amphetamine/

http://www.fredonia.edu/athletics/health/davis/drug_book/chapter6.htm

[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

Amphetamine

2014-11-04T08:55:27Z

Trees: /* Duration */

[[File:Spaste.png|thumb|500px|Dried speed paste]]

Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant, producing mild euphoria and an abundance of energy. Amphetamines include both the specific chemical 'amphetamine' and the general class of chemicals which share structural similaries. Amphetamines generally cause strong physical and mental stimulation, keeping users awake and alert for many hours, and some amphetamines cause mood lift / euphoria. Because they increase wakefulness, various amphetamines have been used by the military, by pilots, truck drivers, and other workers to keep functioning past their normal limits.

Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine properly refers to the racemic free base, or equal parts of the enantiomers levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms. Nonetheless, the term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers, or to either of them alone.

= Dosage =

Depending on purity, amphetamine dosage '''will''' vary.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Light || 25-40mg
|-
| Common || 40-75mg
|-
| Strong || 75-125mg
|-
| Heavy || 125-175mg+
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflated
|-
| Light || 15-25mg
|-
| Common || 25-40mg
|-
| Strong || 40-75mg
|-
| Heavy || 75-100mg+
|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Oral
|-
| Onset || 15-30 minutes
|-
| Total || 2-4 hours
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Insufflated
|-
| Onset || 1-5 minutes
|-
| Total || 1-3 hours
|}

= Effects =

== Positive ==

* Increased focus

* Abundance of energy

* Increased motivation

== Negative ==

* Racing thoughts

* Reduced appetite

* Flushing of the face

* Increased body temperature

* Tachycardia (Elevated heart rate)

* Paranoia

* Insomnia

== After effects ==

* Hangover

* Afterglow

* Restlessness

* Persisting stimulation (5-15 hours after last dose.)

= Harm Reduction =

* Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery

* Recommended time (pauses) between using the substance

== Detection Times ==

* Blood: 12 hours

* Hair: 90 days

* Saliva: 3 days

* Urine: 1-4 days

= Images =

<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Spaste.png|''Drying amphetamine paste''
Image:Amphetamine.jpg|''Amphetamine with vial''
Image:Amphetamines.JPG|''~50mg of amphetamine''
</gallery>

= Legal status =

* Canada: Schedule I

* Great Britain: Class B

* Thailand: Category 1

* United States: [http://www.justice.gov/dea/druginfo/ds.shtml Schedule II]

[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]

3-MeO-PCP

2014-10-31T20:12:56Z

Trees: /* Dosage */

3-Methoxyphencyclidine (3-MeO-PCP) is a dissociative anesthetic drug that is sold online as a research chemical.

The effects are often described as being more euphoric and mentally clearer than many related compounds.

= History =

A 1965 article published by Maddox described the synthesis of 2-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP. Preparation of 3-MeO-PCP was described later in 1979 by Geneste et al.

The compound was first synthesized in 1979 to investigate the structure-activity relationship of phencyclidine derivatives. The activity of 3-MeO-PCP in man was not described until 1999 when a chemist using the pseudonym John Q. Beagle wrote that 3-MeO-PCP was qualitatively similar to PCP with comparable potency.

= Dosage =

3-MeO-PCP, like PCP is active in the single milligram range and therefor can be hard to accurately measure.

'''Most if not all consumer-grade jewelry-scales advertised as working at the 0.001g (mg) range are not reliably accurate enough to measure quantities weighing less than around 15-25 mg depending on the model and calibration.
With a drug as potent as 3-MeO-PCP a small discrepancy in measurement can make a world of difference in physical and mental response to the dose.
It is for these reasons that it would be in one's best interest to use a [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Quick_Guide_to_Volumetric_Dosing volumetric dose measurement technique as outlined in this guide.]'''

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Threshold || 1.5-3 mg

|-

| Light || 3-5 mg

|-

| Common || 5-8 mg

|-

| Strong || 8-12 mg

|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Onset || 20-40 minutes

|-

| Total || 4-6 hours

|-

| After-effects || 2-48 hours

|}

Insufflated onset is approximately 5-15 minutes and the duration is a bit shorter.

= Effects =

== Positive ==

* Increase in energy / stimulation

* Euphoria

* Pleasant mental and/or body high

* Music appreciation

* Disconnected thoughts

* Sense of calm

* Increased sociability, loss of inhibitions

* Closed and open-eye visuals

* Shifts in perception of reality

== Neutral ==

* Increased heart rate (lower doses)

* Altered time perception

* Disrupted speech patterns

* Analgesia (decreased pain awareness) and numbness

* Distorted sensory perceptions, hallucinations

* Unusual and unpredictable behavior

* Mild to moderate dissociation

* Confusion, disorientation

== Negative ==

* Disturbing hallucinations and/or delusions

* Anxiety, paranoia

* Severe dissociation, depersonalization

* Ataxia (loss of motor coordination)

* Psychotic episodes

* Nausea, vomiting

* Temporary amnesia

* Severe distortion or loss of auditory/visual perception

= Harm Reduction =

* 3-Meo-PCP is a very powerful NMDA antagonist (doses are on par with [[PCP]]), and as such it has the potential to be very confusing.
* 3-MeO-PCP is considered to be a 'research-chemical', simply meaning that there is little to no clinical data on long-term effects.
* 3-MeO-PCP, as with all arylcyclohexylamine class dissociative compounds may cause neurotoxicity when used frequently or in high dose.
* 3-MeO-PCP acts as a mild Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor and as such may risk adverse effects as a result of synergy when used with certain serotogenic drugs or medications. See [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Interactions Interactions].
* It is difficult to measure 3-MeO-PCP accurately with a scale because it is active in the 1-10 mg range. See [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Dosage the dosage section] for more information.
* 3-MeO-PCP has a steep dose-response-curve and an onset ranging from approximately 20-40 minutes. It is inadvisable to redose, especially within the first hour.

For more information see [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction Dissociative Harm-Reduction].

== Interactions ==

Check out our [[Drug Combinations]] page and chart for interactions and combinations of common drugs.
PCP and 3-MeO-PCP have similar profiles and as such its safe to assume the PCP combination-chart data also applies to 3-MeO-PCP.

Specifically, do not mix 3-MeO-PCP with alcohol or benzodiazepines. 3-MeO-PCP will also likely produce synergistic effects if used in conjunction with certain serotogenic medications or drugs.

= Chemistry and Pharmacology =

3-MeO-PCP binds to the NMDA receptor with higher affinity than PCP and has the highest affinity of the three isomeric anisyl-substitutions, followed by 2-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP. It is also a Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI).

3-MeO-PCP hydrochloride is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 204-205°C.

3-MeO-PCP has a Ki of 20 nM for the NMDA receptor, 216 nM for the serotonin transporter and 42 for the sigma1 receptor.

= Legal status=

UK: Class B, as are all arylcyclohexamines.

US: Covered by the analogue act if sold for human consumption.

= Links =

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-MeO-PCP Wikipedia]

[http://www.vice.com/read/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704-v18n2 Interview with a Ketamine Chemist]

[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1620/abstract From MXE to PCP]

[[Category:Drugs]]

[[Category:Dissociative]]

3-MeO-PCP

2014-10-31T20:09:37Z

Trees:

3-Methoxyphencyclidine (3-MeO-PCP) is a dissociative anesthetic drug that is sold online as a research chemical.

The effects are often described as being more euphoric and mentally clearer than many related compounds.

= History =

A 1965 article published by Maddox described the synthesis of 2-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP. Preparation of 3-MeO-PCP was described later in 1979 by Geneste et al.

The compound was first synthesized in 1979 to investigate the structure-activity relationship of phencyclidine derivatives. The activity of 3-MeO-PCP in man was not described until 1999 when a chemist using the pseudonym John Q. Beagle wrote that 3-MeO-PCP was qualitatively similar to PCP with comparable potency.

= Dosage =

3-MeO-PCP, like PCP is active at the single milligram range and therefor can be hard to accurately measure.

'''Most if not all consumer-grade jewelry-scales advertised as working at the 0.001g (mg) range are not reliably accurate enough to measure quantities weighing less than around 15-25 mg depending on the model and calibration.
With a drug as potent as 3-MeO-PCP a small discrepancy in measurement can make a world of difference in physical and mental response to the dose.
It is for these reasons that it would be in one's best interest to use a [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Quick_Guide_to_Volumetric_Dosing volumetric dose measurement technique as outlined in this guide.]'''

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Threshold || 1.5-3 mg

|-

| Light || 3-5 mg

|-

| Common || 5-8 mg

|-

| Strong || 8-12 mg

|}

= Duration =

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Onset || 20-40 minutes

|-

| Total || 4-6 hours

|-

| After-effects || 2-48 hours

|}

Insufflated onset is approximately 5-15 minutes and the duration is a bit shorter.

= Effects =

== Positive ==

* Increase in energy / stimulation

* Euphoria

* Pleasant mental and/or body high

* Music appreciation

* Disconnected thoughts

* Sense of calm

* Increased sociability, loss of inhibitions

* Closed and open-eye visuals

* Shifts in perception of reality

== Neutral ==

* Increased heart rate (lower doses)

* Altered time perception

* Disrupted speech patterns

* Analgesia (decreased pain awareness) and numbness

* Distorted sensory perceptions, hallucinations

* Unusual and unpredictable behavior

* Mild to moderate dissociation

* Confusion, disorientation

== Negative ==

* Disturbing hallucinations and/or delusions

* Anxiety, paranoia

* Severe dissociation, depersonalization

* Ataxia (loss of motor coordination)

* Psychotic episodes

* Nausea, vomiting

* Temporary amnesia

* Severe distortion or loss of auditory/visual perception

= Harm Reduction =

* 3-Meo-PCP is a very powerful NMDA antagonist (doses are on par with [[PCP]]), and as such it has the potential to be very confusing.
* 3-MeO-PCP is considered to be a 'research-chemical', simply meaning that there is little to no clinical data on long-term effects.
* 3-MeO-PCP, as with all arylcyclohexylamine class dissociative compounds may cause neurotoxicity when used frequently or in high dose.
* 3-MeO-PCP acts as a mild Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor and as such may risk adverse effects as a result of synergy when used with certain serotogenic drugs or medications. See [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Interactions Interactions].
* It is difficult to measure 3-MeO-PCP accurately with a scale because it is active in the 1-10 mg range. See [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Dosage the dosage section] for more information.
* 3-MeO-PCP has a steep dose-response-curve and an onset ranging from approximately 20-40 minutes. It is inadvisable to redose, especially within the first hour.

For more information see [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction Dissociative Harm-Reduction].

== Interactions ==

Check out our [[Drug Combinations]] page and chart for interactions and combinations of common drugs.
PCP and 3-MeO-PCP have similar profiles and as such its safe to assume the PCP combination-chart data also applies to 3-MeO-PCP.

Specifically, do not mix 3-MeO-PCP with alcohol or benzodiazepines. 3-MeO-PCP will also likely produce synergistic effects if used in conjunction with certain serotogenic medications or drugs.

= Chemistry and Pharmacology =

3-MeO-PCP binds to the NMDA receptor with higher affinity than PCP and has the highest affinity of the three isomeric anisyl-substitutions, followed by 2-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP. It is also a Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI).

3-MeO-PCP hydrochloride is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 204-205°C.

3-MeO-PCP has a Ki of 20 nM for the NMDA receptor, 216 nM for the serotonin transporter and 42 for the sigma1 receptor.

= Legal status=

UK: Class B, as are all arylcyclohexamines.

US: Covered by the analogue act if sold for human consumption.

= Links =

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-MeO-PCP Wikipedia]

[http://www.vice.com/read/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704-v18n2 Interview with a Ketamine Chemist]

[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1620/abstract From MXE to PCP]

[[Category:Drugs]]

[[Category:Dissociative]]

File:Nug.jpg

2014-10-31T18:58:26Z

Trees: Trees uploaded a new version of "File:Nug.jpg"

HPPD

2014-10-31T04:19:44Z

Trees:

Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (often shortened to 'HPPD') is a condition in which the subject experiences a lasting alteration of sensory perception, most often emerging after one or more hallucinogenic drug trips.

Symptoms commonly found in cases of HPPD may also arise as a result of certain other conditions, and as such HPPD is partially defined by an inability to determine a diagnosis which better accounts for the symptoms presented.

The typical symptoms are mild hallucinations similar to those experienced while on psychedelics, but occurring in the sober state.

= Symptoms =

The primary symptoms of HPPD are characterized by the re-occurrence of perceptual disturbances previously experienced while under the influence of a hallucinogen. The effects are often episodic in nature (often described as 'flashbacks'), and can be triggered by thought processes, additional drug use, stress, anxiety or certain environments and sensory stimuli. Although the symptoms most commonly associated with HPPD are visual in nature, they may also present themselves in a variety of forms, and in varying severity.

Symptoms may include:

* Images in the peripheral field

* Geometric forms

* Flashes of colour

* Intensified colours

* Trailing images

* Halos around objects

* Anxiety or panic

= Diagnosis =

Although the onset of HPPD (and by definition the nature of its symptoms) are largely associated with use of hallucinogens, it should be noted that the use of hallucinogenic drugs is sufficient but not necessary for clinical diagnosis.

Diagnosis criteria:

* The person must not have ingested a hallucinogenic chemical recently, or currently be under the influence of a drug.

* Re-occurrence of perceptual symptoms experienced while using a hallucinogenic drug.

* The perceptual symptoms cause significant distress and impairment in regular functioning.

* The symptoms are not caused by another medical condition, such as schizophrenia, delirium or dementia.

* The person is able to distinguish the perceptual effects from reality.

== Misdiagnosis ==

It is relatively normal to experience persisting effects after a psychedelic experience in some cases, but they will usually fade between the period of a few days to a few weeks.

It is important to make the distinction between HPPD and other sets of long-term effects often associated with hallucinogenic drug use, including but not limited to the emergence of mental conditions including thought disorders, changes in personality, or states of psychosis or [[Delirium] delirium].

Human eyes are naturally given to certain visual abnormalities, which are commonly attributed to HPPD, but occur for everyone. Many of these effects are somewhat 'parsed out,' and most people don't notice them until asked to pay attention; it is possible the use of hallucinogenic chemicals makes one more prone to noticing these effects.

===Eye Floaters===

Eye floaters are naturally occurring effects of the degeneration of the eye, which become more frequent as a person grows older. They are also attributed to several medical conditions, but are not related to HPPD.

===Blue Field Entopic Phenomenon===

Also known as 'blue-sky sprites,' this effect occurs when a person looks at a large blue light (most commonly the sky), and presents as bright dots in the visual field which move rapidly on an unpredictable path before disappearing within a few seconds.

The appearance of this effect is somewhat comparable to 'tracers,' which are a natural visual effect while under the influence of psychedelics.

===Visual Snow===

Visual snow is a persistent visual symptom in which people see static similar to that of an analogue television in parts or the entire visual field. The causes of this effect are unknown, however it is not considered dangerous and its presence alone is not considered to be a symptom of HPPD.

= Treatment =

While HPPD is rarely permanent and there is no cure to this day, there are some treatment options available to help manage severe cases. Certain [[Benzodiazepines]Benzodiazepine] drugs, such as Alprazolam, Clonazepam and Diazepam have been found to help. However, all currently approved treatments work only in allaying the resultant anxiety or stress caused by the resurgent perceptual disturbances, rather than actually stopping the symptoms.

More recently, research into successors has shown some success in actually reducing the symptoms - drugs such as Tolcapone and Levocarb, which are primarily used in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease. These chemicals are not actually approved for use in treating HPPD, however they have been used off-label to do so.

= Harm Reduction =

HPPD is a relatively rare condition and in most cases is not permanent, however not a whole lot is understood about the condition. It has been observed that the emergence of HPPD symptoms is more likely to occur with frequent users of hallucinogens than in people who are not using them, or are using them infrequently. To reduce the risk of contracting HPPD, it is strongly advisable to leave ample time between uses of hallucinogenic drugs and to avoid heavy doses.

Unfortunately there is very little reliable data for clinical research into HPPD, since it is a relatively uncommon condition in terms of solid diagnoses. There is some inconsistent data available, mostly comprised of a recreational drug users who are have come forth seeking help - though this is not perfectly useful for study because of the inconsistency of street-drugs.

Certain substances are known (by mostly consistent anecdotal reports) to be particularly prone to having lasting effects, [[NBOMEs]] are notable in this regard.

File:Lovelytrees.jpg

2014-10-20T22:17:10Z

Trees:

User:Trees

2014-10-20T22:16:40Z

Trees: Created page with "File:lovelytrees.jpg"

[[File:lovelytrees.jpg]]

Contributor Application

2014-10-20T18:16:06Z

Trees: /* Application */

We are always looking for help! If you want to apply, please read over the following and email admin@tripsit.me with a completed application.

= Contributor Duties =

Contributor is the entry-level staff position for our content team, who use their expansive knowledge to create and maintain our information resources, including the Wiki, factsheets and our drug combination chart.

The main goal of the contributor is to collect and format researched information into presentable information for our users by using the tools at hand to make data more accessible. The main platform for the contributor is the Wiki, and they will also help update the factsheets and various other published media.

Contributors will work hand-in-hand with senior TS staff, Editors, to publish corrections and updated information onto our wiki and other platforms.

= Required Qualifications =

We want people who love TripSit, want to see and contribute to its growth, and be part of our success. We require regular presence on the the TripSit wiki and a willingness to help out with other staff on projects. Staff members must also have the ability to separate personal from professional interactions with users. Finally, a basic knowledge of drugs and how they interact with other drugs and mental conditions is highly preferred.

= Desirable Qualifications =

We look for people who bring something new to the TripSit team and have ideas and skills to help us improve our community.

Specifically to contributors: It is highly desirable to have some form of higher education, or at least the ability to research and reference the research.

Professional or personal experience/qualifications in anything technical and computer science, including programming and web-development, biology, chemistry, medicine, pharmacology, media, audio/visual editing, graphic design, or radio etc.

= Application =

Please answer the following questions, feel free to be as brief or explanatory as you wish.

* Please provide your registered IRC nickname.

* What is your time zone and do you have any major daily commitments (ie: School or job)? Estimate how much time you can devote to TripSit.

* Why do you want to be a staff member of TripSit? Might be obvious but please let us know why.

* What is "Harm Reduction" in your own words?

* What unique skillset or knowledge do you bring to the TripSit Team?

IE: Verbal or written skills, technical drug knowledge, programming experience, website development, enthusiasm and interpersonal compassion, ability to be online a lot, etc. Basically, what are you good at?

* Sum up why, in 2-3 sentences, and convince us that you are dedicated to being an awesome staff member.

* Finally, the most important question and only one that truly determines the success of your application: What is your favorite animal and why?

==Where do I send my app?==

Send your application by email to admin@tripsit.me

Any questions or concerns about the application can be brought to #content

TripSitter Orientation

2014-10-19T21:01:14Z

Trees: /* Tripsitting */

= Introduction =

On this page is some vital information for new TripSitters or those wanting to become TripSitters. It will overview all of the common questions about how to perform staff functions. Please review all of the following points and return here or ask another staff member if you have any questions.

= History =

The TripSit network was founded by Techno_shaman (Teknos) in reddit.com/r/tripsit on September 26th, 2011. It progressed into an IRC channel on September 2, 2012 and continues to increase it's focus around harm reduction and providing a safe community for the world's Psychonaut community. It has since grown into a website, live web radio, and social network. So far, we have helped countless people in many different ways. We have been featured by MAPS and we've had several news articles written about us. We're currently expanding our social network and working on developing a real-life presence at festivals and concerts, and you're invited to be a part in the next step in growing our network.

= Staff Duties and Guidelines =

Staff members are positive, nice, respectful and professional in their dealings with members whether regular or staff; they represent the entire network! We want people who have leadership skills and can enforce rules while still promoting a positive environment. They guide conversation to an acceptable level of quality by being guiding and firm, while maintaining a positive and supportive attitude.

We want all of our staff members to be role models and regular contributors. All staff supervise and advance a part of the TripSit network. We expect them to be able to devote a reasonable amount of time to TripSit projects, including: Wiki, a TripSit affiliated IRC channel, the Official TinyChat, Twitter, and future TripSit projects. Contribute Contribute Contribute! We want you on the team! We want your input!

== Tripsitting ==

Our primary goal as TripSit is to tripsit the universe.

Tripsitters are the backbone of our network. Without their selfless efforts we would not be here today. Each of us have stepped up in the #tripsit room to help people and it's a rite of passage to advance to other positions in the network. As such we have fairly high standards for our tripsitters and expect the best of them.

Never be afraid to defer a question to another member of the team by asking in #teamtripsit or even by using the '~tripsit user' command to call for help. Remember that no information is always preferable to incorrect information.

When the encounter is over you must send a notify to tripbot (syntax below) detailing how it went. See [Notifications #notifications].

Check out our [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/How_To_Tripsit_Online tripsitting guide].

If a user is trolling, becoming overly aggressive, or otherwise causing a problem, you may ~quiet (syntax below) them in #tripsit, and ~report them in other channels.

=== Redirecting Users ===

In general, we attempt to keep TripSit relatively clear for users who are in need of help.

If a user enters the channel looking for general chat, you can direct them to whichever is most suitable of #drugs, #home or #sanctuary.

However, if a user is on a substance and being spoken to, though not in any particular 'trouble', there is no need to move them to another room as a matter of urgency - though these cases should eventually be moved to #sanctuary.

There's no telling when a serious case will come in that could potentially bum that person out, or wrap them into a situation they didnt want to be in. General drug questions may be answered in #tripsit, there is no need to redirect these cases unless the room is busy.

You are encouraged to use #sanctuary as a place to send users who are on drugs but would rather have lighter, more positive, conversation than #drugs. If a user is on drugs, and needs a quieter chat or perhaps some lighter tripsitting, or if TripSit is already busy, attempt to redirect them to #sanctuary.

=== Emergency Situations ===

Rarely, a user joins #tripsit who is in a state beyond help. This can arise from them simply being unresponsive or refusing to accept advice in the face of dangerous behaviour, or in the case that the user needs to seek medical attention. In such a case, it's acceptable to ~quiet the user in #tripsit.

Since these cases are rare and these measures should not be applied lightly, it's generally a good idea to discuss the user in #teamtripsit and get some confirmation that we cannot help. If the user continues to cause problems on the network after being quieted in #tripsit, refer the situation to a moderator.

=== Crowding ===

If a user is already being helped in #tripsit, use your common sense to decide whether you should get involved in the situation. If a person is already receiving adequate help then it is often better to just keep an eye on the situation to ensure this continues, or advise in #teamtripsit - overcrowding a user under the influence can often be confusing.

If you are entering an on-going tripsitting session, try to either read the scrollback or read any notifications made for this user to gain the wider context before joining the fray.

== Enforce Rules ==

You will be expected to know the network policies and procedures as listed [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/TripSit_Rules here]. Regardless of their role, staff will enforce our rules, recognize misinformation, request citations when needed, and deal with trolls. Remember: No info > bad info.

=== Record Keeping ===

If there is a noteable instance with a user, you're asked to made a titanpad document about it. It can be as simple as making a new pad, naming it User: <USER> and pasting the relevant logs. We ask that you use the titanpad for record keeping of logs, rather than a third-party service.

== Populate other channels ==

Move conversations to appropriate channels, for example: '''#psychonaut''' for spiritual talk, '''#home''' for general chat, '''#psychopharm''' for chemistry discussion, '''#sanctuary''' and '''#tripsitvip''' for regulars chat.

== Be Involved ==

Try to get involved with the various other TripSit projects. Learn to DJ, contribute to the Wiki. Contribute Contribute Contribute! We want you on the team! We want your input! Speak to operators or admins to find out what you can work on.

= Communication and Resources =

Communication is extremely important and as such our team communicates in a number of different ways.

== IRC ==

=== Required Staff Channels ===

All staff members should be on at least these channels:

* '''#tripsit''': Our flagship channel for immediate assistance. Please idle here and if you see someone ping you with the !tripsit or ~tripsit command do your best to respond. Remember: KIP! (Keep it positive!)

* '''#drugs''': This channel is not your main priority but you are welcome to help guide the conversation here. This channel is by far our network's busiest channel.

* '''#teamtripsit''': This is our primary staff communication channel. Please put this on your autojoin to discuss events on the network with other staff. Don't be afraid to reach out and ask questions! This is a channel for all staff to discuss network issues. #tripsit issues take priority here and social chat will need to stop if a tripsitter needs assistance. You may be asked to move a social conversation to #tripsitvip if it is quiet.

=== Other Staff Rooms ===

*'''#tripsit.me''': This is the meta-TripSit channel. We discuss things that impact the network outside of IRC or when a serious issue needs to be talked about in a quieter room. Tripsitters are welcome to join to discuss a particular issue but not to idle. Other non-staff may join this room to discuss an issue with the upper-admin team, but they are not allowed to idle after their issue is resolved.

*'''#nexus''': Where we hold our weekly meeting.

=== Weekly Meetings ===

We have weekly meetings every Sunday at 23:30 UTC. The pad for the current month can be found on TitanPad

== Other ==

=== TitanPad ===

TitanPad is our document handling platform, hosted [http://tripsit.titanpad.com/ here]. We have a large amount of documents here on different subjects. The main document that we use is the monthly staff meeting pad. In this document you are encouraged to put your thoughts on the different happenings of the network. Please check the month and go to the corresponding pad.

*Only staff members have access to the TitanPad by default.

*Only make a pad password protected if you have consulted with one of the admins about the contents of the pad. Admins have access to password protected pads.

=== Emails ===

Staff members are entitled to an @tripsit.me email address if they want one. Contact reality if you do.

=== /r/tripSit subreddit ===

Remember that a fair amount of tripsitting happens on the /r/tripsit subreddit, so try to check there frequently for anyone who needs help!

=== Wiki ===

This Wiki is a good source for information about the network, harm reduction information and staff information.

=== Admin One-on-One ===

Admins (Teknos, reality) generally try to have a short one-on-one with all staff members every week to discuss any issues. We're still in the process of setting this up.

= Basic Tripbot Commands =

This section will cover a few basic tripbot commands you'll need. You can find more information about there [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands here] or by asking another staff member.

== Notifications ==

Your primary interaction with TripBot is going to be ~notify's. You are asked to do a notify to #tripsit for each and every interaction in #tripsit. You are also encouraged to use the function to notify #teamtripsit if you wish to send announcements to other staff. Use this as much as you'd like. Notifications sent to you while offline will be stored and you'll be notified of them when you next log into IRC.

'''Syntax: /msg tripbot ~notify <#room> <user> <message> <@assistant> <#drug> <#update>'''

* <#room> is the room that you want the command to be sent to. Everyone voiced in that room will receive the notification. You need to prefix this with #.

* <user> is the nickname of the user you assisted and should always be the first word in the notify. Tripbot automatically attaches the host of the first word to the notify.

* <message> is whatever the issue was. Maybe someone needed someone to talk to, or they were just checking out the channel. You are encouraged to ~notify all interactions, we have not yet had a problem with too many notifications.

* <@assistant> are other people in the channel who helped you out with the <user>. This eliminates multiple reports. You need to prefix each assistant with a @ before their username.

* <#drug> is the name of the drug which was involved, you can include one or more which were involved.

** If a drug has many aliases, any are acceptable. For example, #alprazolam is just as good as #xanax.

** If the encounter involved more general questions about a particular class of drug, you can use e.g. #psychedelics.

* <#update> If you forget someone, or new information comes in, you can always do a ~notify to update the channel on the situation. You need to prefix this with #.

Examples:

* ~notify #tripsit Tripsitme_4884 came in wanting to know the dosage of #DXM. @reality and I showed him the calculator.

* ~notify #tripsit Tripsitme_4884 @toasterlizard also helped #update.

=== When to Notify? ===

In general, all encounters in #tripsit which involve helping a user (for example through tripsitting, or answering questions) should be notified.

Often, people use #tripsit as a 'landing channel,' and we simply redirect these people to other channels on the network. People who come in just looking to chat can be directed to #drugs or otherwise without needing to do a notify.

When people are redirected to #sanctuary, we ask that you do a "~notify #sanctuary <user> is on <#drug> and is now chatting in #sanctuary". This will alert the TripSitters voiced in that channel and prompt them to engage in conversation.

In addition, there are sometimes cases in which people seeking help enter either #sanctuary or #home, it's okay to notify #tripsit normally for these encounters.

=== Missed Notifies ===

We try to make sure that all tripsit encounters are notified for, and this often means that a TripSitter is filling in notifies for another user.

In the case that a fellow staff member has missed a notification for an encounter they were involved in, try asking them directly to fill it in. If this can't be done in a timely manner, or the encounter in question did not involve any staff member then please make the notify yourself - but include the ''#missing' tag for statistical purposes.

== Web Interface ==

TripBot as a web-interface located [http://tripbot.tripsit.me here]. Your username is myuser@tripsit, and you can set a password by issuing the '~setwebpass mypassword' command. Please PM tripbot to keep your password confidential. Contact reality if you have any issues.

== #tripsit Entry Alerts ==

Entry Alerts will alert you when a previously unrecognised user enters #tripsit who may potentially need help.

~gettripsitentries to receive them, ~notripsitentries to stop receiving them.

== Report ==

Syntax: /msg tripbot ~report <user> <#room> <message>

As a Tripsitter, this command will primarily be used to get the attention of more staff to a problem user. This will send a notice to everyone voiced in the #room reported to. When responding to a report, send a ~notify to #teamtripsit to acknowledge that staff has followed through on the report and what the outcome was. Encourage regular users to employ use of this command, we rely on reports to know when thing's are not right.

Example: /msg tripbot ~report #drugs Teknos is being a jerk.

== Default Nicknames ==

Sometimes a user will come in with a default nickname. We have a system for determining where they came from, which helps know why they're here. Further, knowing which channels they join on entry allows you to speak to them in the channel that they're are first focused on. Following the default nickname is a list of channels. The '''last''' channel in the list is the landing channel.

=== Immediate Attention ===

These nickname comes from one of our immediate assistance links. The TripsitMe nickname is used in various locations on the web, including the homepage of tripsit.me and /r/drugs.

{| class="wikitable"

! Nickname !! Channels !! Source

|-

| TripsitMe || #tripsit || Various

|-

| Sapling || #tripsit || /r/saplings

|}

=== Social Nicknames ===

The following greeted upon entry, this isn't always possible, considering the volume of people that join #tripsit. Do your best to be welcoming though!

{| class="wikitable"

! Nickname !! Channels !! Source

|-

| Social || #drugs, #home || General chat @ tripsit.me

|-

| TripGuy || #drugs, #tripsit, #home || /r/drugs

|-

| Druggiter || #home, #tripsit, #drugs || /r/drugs

|-

| Tweaker || #drugs, #stims || /r/stims

|-

| Skiier || #drugs, #stims || /r/cocaine

|-

| Psychonaut || #psychonaut || /r/psychonaut

|}

== Applications and New Staff ==

If you or someone you know wants to join Team TripSit then direct them to [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Application this page].

List of staff and their roles

2014-10-19T15:48:06Z

Trees:

If your name is on this list, feel free to add to your duties, responsibilities, and how you are contributing to the network or would like to contribute to the network!

If you wish to become part of the TripSit staff, please fill out an [[application]] and send it to a staff member (~staff application).

== Staff List ==

=== Administrators ===
* reality
* Teknos

=== Sysops ===
* amki
* Physical
* toasterlizard

=== Operators ===
* Durrf
* GrimReaper
* Lenny
* Sleep
* Sundown

===Editors===
* roi
* Stevowitz
* trees

=== Moderators ===
* Annika
* Stormy

=== Tripsitters ===
* CustaiCo
* InflatableMeat
* JimmyCarr
* Minx
* Saga
* Supra
* Trapdoor

===Hiatus===
Staff members who are currently away, or taking a leave of absence.

* Alternut
* ArnoldLayne
* bod
* EgoAnnihlation
* GentleInBed
* Ocore
* pandadream
* ProButcher
* Robonerd
* whoami

=== Bots ===
* tob - CustaiCo's eggdrop for finding content via web services
* tripbot - The IRC bot you've come to know and love

=== VIP's and Special Exceptions ===
* Borax - Mod of [http://www.reddit.com/r/drugs /r/drugs] and drug knowledge consultant
* Klafka - Our [http://dancesafe.org DanceSafe] partner
* Bryce - Our [http://www.maps.org MAPS] partner

== Organisational Structure ==

Aside from primary staff positions, we organise ourselves based on a tree.

=== Concepts ===

====Trunk====
*Base of the team, responsible for making sure everything is running okay.
*reality, Teknos

====Branches====
*"Projects" or "teams" that work on their own objectives.
*Branch leaders report to admins on status of projects and direct their team (leaves) on how to procede.
*Branch leaders depend on different projects. Suggested branch and branch leaders bellow, not final list.

====Leaves====
*Staff who work on projects with their branch leaders.

====Flowers====
*TripSitters
*Useful, but not involved in the management of the network.

=== Branches and their Point of Contacts ===

====TripSit Branch====
*Branch Leader: Teknos
*Description: Promotion and moderation of the #tripsit branch.
*Resources: #tripsit and /r/tripsit.

====Department of Psychonautics====
*Branch leader: Teknos
*Description: Getting attention to our network from the Psychonaut community.
*Resources: #psychonaut.

====tripbot Branch====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Enhancing tripbot's code to better serve TripSit.
*Resources: [http://github.com/reality/dbot dbot], [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands commands], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/ web interface].

====Radio Branch====
*Branch Leader: None
*Description: Run the music community on TripSit. Manage TripSit.FM.
*Resources: [http://tripsit.fm TripSit.FM], #music.

====Street Team Branch====
* Branch Leader: None
* Description: Stickers, logos, advertisements, shirts, other merch. Festivals.
* Resources: Donations.

====Steam Branch====
*Branch Leader: Teknos
*Description: Steam Game Group.
*Resources: [http://steamcommunity.com/groups/tripsit Steam Group], #gaming.

====TripSit Department of Psychonautical Informatics====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Continuing to update our Wiki and other resources to include useful harm reduction information for the world.
*Resources: [http://wiki.tripsit.me Wiki], [http://tripbot.tripsit.me/factsheet Factsheets].

====Psychopharm Branch====
*Branch Leader: Sundown
*Description: Provide factual assistance and promote the channel.
*Resources: #psychopharm.

====TripSit VIP Branch====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Description: Promote the VIP room and bring regulars there.
*Resources: #tripsitvip.

====Mediation Branch====
*Branch leader: reality
*Description: People who spends an obsessive amount of time in chat, knows the people, knows their conflicts, and helps resolve them.

====Drugs Branch====
*Branch Leader: reality
*Promotion and moderation of the #drugs branch.

TripSitter Orientation

2014-10-19T03:38:00Z

Trees: /* = Record Keeping */

= Introduction =

On this page is some vital information for new TripSitters or those wanting to become TripSitters. It will overview all of the common questions about how to perform staff functions. Please review all of the following points and return here or ask another staff member if you have any questions.

= History =

The TripSit network was founded by Techno_shaman (Teknos) in reddit.com/r/tripsit on September 26th, 2011. It progressed into an IRC channel on September 2, 2012 and continues to increase it's focus around harm reduction and providing a safe community for the world's Psychonaut community. It has since grown into a website, live web radio, and social network. So far, we have helped countless people in many different ways. We have been featured by MAPS and we've had several news articles written about us. We're currently expanding our social network and working on developing a real-life presence at festivals and concerts, and you're invited to be a part in the next step in growing our network.

= Staff Duties and Guidelines =

Staff members are positive, nice, respectful and professional in their dealings with members whether regular or staff; they represent the entire network! We want people who have leadership skills and can enforce rules while still promoting a positive environment. They guide conversation to an acceptable level of quality by being guiding and firm, while maintaining a positive and supportive attitude.

We want all of our staff members to be role models and regular contributors. All staff supervise and advance a part of the TripSit network. We expect them to be able to devote a reasonable amount of time to TripSit projects, including: Wiki, a TripSit affiliated IRC channel, the Official TinyChat, Twitter, and future TripSit projects. Contribute Contribute Contribute! We want you on the team! We want your input!

== Tripsitting ==

Our primary goal as TripSit is to tripsit the universe.

Tripsitters are the backbone of our network. Without their selfless efforts we would not be here today. Each of us have stepped up in the #tripsit room to help people and it's a rite of passage to advance to other positions in the network. As such we have fairly high expectations of our tripsitters and expect the best of them.

Never be afraid to defer a question to another member of the team by asking in #teamtripsit or even by using the '~tripsit user' command to call for help. Remember that no information is always preferable to incorrect information.

When the encounter is over you must send a notify to tripbot (syntax below) detailing how it went. See [Notifications #notifications].

Check out our [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/How_To_Tripsit_Online tripsitting guide].

If a user is trolling, becoming overly aggressive, or otherwise causing a problem, you may ~quiet (syntax below) them in #tripsit, and ~report them in other channels.

=== Redirecting Users ===

In general, we attempt to keep TripSit relatively clear for users who are in need of help.

If a user enters the channel looking for general chat, you can direct them to whichever is most suitable of #drugs, #home or #sanctuary.

However, if a user is on a substance and being spoken to, though not in any particular 'trouble', there is no need to move them to another room as a matter of urgency - though these cases should eventually be moved to #sanctuary.

There's no telling when a serious case will come in that could potentially bum that person out, or wrap them into a situation they didnt want to be in. General drug questions may be answered in #tripsit, there is no need to redirect these cases unless the room is busy.

You are encouraged to use #sanctuary as a place to send users who are on drugs but would rather have lighter, more positive, conversation than #drugs. If a user is on drugs, and needs a quieter chat or perhaps some lighter tripsitting, or if TripSit is already busy, attempt to redirect them to #sanctuary.

=== Emergency Situations ===

Rarely, a user joins #tripsit who is in a state beyond help. This can arise from them simply being unresponsive or refusing to accept advice in the face of dangerous behaviour, or in the case that the user needs to seek medical attention. In such a case, it's acceptable to ~quiet the user in #tripsit.

Since these cases are rare and these measures should not be applied lightly, it's generally a good idea to discuss the user in #teamtripsit and get some confirmation that we cannot help. If the user continues to cause problems on the network after being quieted in #tripsit, refer the situation to a moderator.

=== Crowding ===

If a user is already being helped in #tripsit, use your common sense to decide whether you should get involved in the situation. If a person is already receiving adequate help then it is often better to just keep an eye on the situation to ensure this continues, or advise in #teamtripsit - overcrowding a user under the influence can often be confusing.

If you are entering an on-going tripsitting session, try to either read the scrollback or read any notifications made for this user to gain the wider context before joining the fray.

== Enforce Rules ==

You will be expected to know the network policies and procedures as listed [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/TripSit_Rules here]. Regardless of their role, staff will enforce our rules, recognize misinformation, request citations when needed, and deal with trolls. Remember: No info > bad info.

=== Record Keeping ===

If there is a noteable instance with a user, you're asked to made a titanpad document about it. It can be as simple as making a new pad, naming it User: <USER> and pasting the relevant logs. We ask that you use the titanpad for record keeping of logs, rather than a third-party service.

== Populate other channels ==

Move conversations to appropriate channels, for example: '''#psychonaut''' for spiritual talk, '''#home''' for general chat, '''#psychopharm''' for chemistry discussion, '''#sanctuary''' and '''#tripsitvip''' for regulars chat.

== Be Involved ==

Try to get involved with the various other TripSit projects. Learn to DJ, contribute to the Wiki. Contribute Contribute Contribute! We want you on the team! We want your input! Speak to operators or admins to find out what you can work on.

= Communication and Resources =

Communication is extremely important and as such our team communicates in a number of different ways.

== IRC ==

=== Required Staff Channels ===

All staff members should be on at least these channels:

* '''#tripsit''': Our flagship channel for immediate assistance. Please idle here and if you see someone ping you with the !tripsit or ~tripsit command do your best to respond. Remember: KIP! (Keep it positive!)

* '''#drugs''': This channel is not your main priority but you are welcome to help guide the conversation here. This channel is by far our network's busiest channel.

* '''#teamtripsit''': This is our primary staff communication channel. Please put this on your autojoin to discuss events on the network with other staff. Don't be afraid to reach out and ask questions! This is a channel for all staff to discuss network issues. #tripsit issues take priority here and social chat will need to stop if a tripsitter needs assistance. You may be asked to move a social conversation to #tripsitvip if it is quiet.

=== Other Staff Rooms ===

*'''#tripsit.me''': This is the meta-TripSit channel. We discuss things that impact the network outside of IRC or when a serious issue needs to be talked about in a quieter room. Tripsitters are welcome to join to discuss a particular issue but not to idle. Other non-staff may join this room to discuss an issue with the upper-admin team, but they are not allowed to idle after their issue is resolved.

*'''#nexus''': Where we hold our weekly meeting.

=== Weekly Meetings ===

We have weekly meetings every Sunday at 23:30 UTC. The pad for the current month can be found on TitanPad

== Other ==

=== TitanPad ===

TitanPad is our document handling platform, hosted [http://tripsit.titanpad.com/ here]. We have a large amount of documents here on different subjects. The main document that we use is the monthly staff meeting pad. In this document you are encouraged to put your thoughts on the different happenings of the network. Please check the month and go to the corresponding pad.

*Only staff members have access to the TitanPad by default.

*Only make a pad password protected if you have consulted with one of the admins about the contents of the pad. Admins have access to password protected pads.

=== Emails ===

Staff members are entitled to an @tripsit.me email address if they want one. Contact reality if you do.

=== /r/tripSit subreddit ===

Remember that a fair amount of tripsitting happens on the /r/tripsit subreddit, so try to check there frequently for anyone who needs help!

=== Wiki ===

This Wiki is a good source for information about the network, harm reduction information and staff information.

=== Admin One-on-One ===

Admins (Teknos, reality) generally try to have a short one-on-one with all staff members every week to discuss any issues. We're still in the process of setting this up.

= Basic Tripbot Commands =

This section will cover a few basic tripbot commands you'll need. You can find more information about there [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/List_of_IRC_bot_commands here] or by asking another staff member.

== Notifications ==

Your primary interaction with TripBot is going to be ~notify's. You are asked to do a notify to #tripsit for each and every interaction in #tripsit. You are also encouraged to use the function to notify #teamtripsit if you wish to send announcements to other staff. Use this as much as you'd like. Notifications sent to you while offline will be stored and you'll be notified of them when you next log into IRC.

'''Syntax: /msg tripbot ~notify <#room> <user> <message> <@assistant> <#drug> <#update>'''

* <#room> is the room that you want the command to be sent to. Everyone voiced in that room will receive the notification. You need to prefix this with #.

* <user> is the nickname of the user you assisted and should always be the first word in the notify. Tripbot automatically attaches the host of the first word to the notify.

* <message> is whatever the issue was. Maybe someone needed someone to talk to, or they were just checking out the channel. You are encouraged to ~notify all interactions, we have not yet had a problem with too many notifications.

* <@assistant> are other people in the channel who helped you out with the <user>. This eliminates multiple reports. You need to prefix each assistant with a @ before their username.

* <#drug> is the name of the drug which was involved, you can include one or more which were involved.

** If a drug has many aliases, any are acceptable. For example, #alprazolam is just as good as #xanax.

** If the encounter involved more general questions about a particular class of drug, you can use e.g. #psychedelics.

* <#update> If you forget someone, or new information comes in, you can always do a ~notify to update the channel on the situation. You need to prefix this with #.

Examples:

* ~notify #tripsit Tripsitme_4884 came in wanting to know the dosage of #DXM. @reality and I showed him the calculator.

* ~notify #tripsit Tripsitme_4884 @toasterlizard also helped #update.

=== When to Notify? ===

In general, all encounters in #tripsit which involve helping a user (for example through tripsitting, or answering questions) should be notified.

Often, people use #tripsit as a 'landing channel,' and we simply redirect these people to other channels on the network. People who come in just looking to chat can be directed to #drugs or otherwise without needing to do a notify.

When people are redirected to #sanctuary, we ask that you do a "~notify #sanctuary <user> is on <#drug> and is now chatting in #sanctuary". This will alert the TripSitters voiced in that channel and prompt them to engage in conversation.

In addition, there are sometimes cases in which people seeking help enter either #sanctuary or #home, it's okay to notify #tripsit normally for these encounters.

=== Missed Notifies ===

We try to make sure that all tripsit encounters are notified for, and this often means that a TripSitter is filling in notifies for another user.

In the case that a fellow staff member has missed a notification for an encounter they were involved in, try asking them directly to fill it in. If this can't be done in a timely manner, or the encounter in question did not involve any staff member then please make the notify yourself - but include the ''#missing' tag for statistical purposes.

== Web Interface ==

TripBot as a web-interface located [http://tripbot.tripsit.me here]. Your username is myuser@tripsit, and you can set a password by issuing the '~setwebpass mypassword' command. Please PM tripbot to keep your password confidential. Contact reality if you have any issues.

== #tripsit Entry Alerts ==

Entry Alerts will alert you when a previously unrecognised user enters #tripsit who may potentially need help.

~gettripsitentries to receive them, ~notripsitentries to stop receiving them.

== Report ==

Syntax: /msg tripbot ~report <user> <#room> <message>

As a Tripsitter, this command will primarily be used to get the attention of more staff to a problem user. This will send a notice to everyone voiced in the #room reported to. When responding to a report, send a ~notify to #teamtripsit to acknowledge that staff has followed through on the report and what the outcome was. Encourage regular users to employ use of this command, we rely on reports to know when thing's are not right.

Example: /msg tripbot ~report #drugs Teknos is being a jerk.

== Default Nicknames ==

Sometimes a user will come in with a default nickname. We have a system for determining where they came from, which helps know why they're here. Further, knowing which channels they join on entry allows you to speak to them in the channel that they're are first focused on. Following the default nickname is a list of channels. The '''last''' channel in the list is the landing channel.

=== Immediate Attention ===

These nickname comes from one of our immediate assistance links. The TripsitMe nickname is used in various locations on the web, including the homepage of tripsit.me and /r/drugs.

{| class="wikitable"

! Nickname !! Channels !! Source

|-

| TripsitMe || #tripsit || Various

|-

| Sapling || #tripsit || /r/saplings

|}

=== Social Nicknames ===

The following greeted upon entry, this isn't always possible, considering the volume of people that join #tripsit. Do your best to be welcoming though!

{| class="wikitable"

! Nickname !! Channels !! Source

|-

| Social || #drugs, #home || General chat @ tripsit.me

|-

| TripGuy || #drugs, #tripsit, #home || /r/drugs

|-

| Druggiter || #home, #tripsit, #drugs || /r/drugs

|-

| Tweaker || #drugs, #stims || /r/stims

|-

| Skiier || #drugs, #stims || /r/cocaine

|-

| Psychonaut || #psychonaut || /r/psychonaut

|}

== Applications and New Staff ==

If you or someone you know wants to join Team TripSit then direct them to [http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Application this page].

2C-E

2014-10-15T15:19:51Z

Trees: /* Legal status */

[[File:2ce.jpg|thumb|200px|Vial of 2C-E with powder]]

2C-E is a chemical of the [[2C-X]] series which is characterised by its particularly intense visuals and higher potency when compared with other members of the family.

= History =

2c-e, like many of its close analogues, was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin and published in PiHKAL. He was quite fond of it, granting it a place in his "Magical Half Dozen" alongside of [[DOM]], [[2C-B]], [[2C-T-2]] & 7 and [[mescaline]].

= Uses =

2C-e is mainly a recreational entheogen. It can be quite introspective in appropriate doses and settings. It doesn't lend itself well to intense party-like surroundings, much like LSD or similarly intense psychedelics.

= Dosage =

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

|-

| Light || 5-10mg

|-

| Common || 10-15mg

|-

| Strong || 15-30mg

|-

| Heavy || 25-40mg+

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Insulated

|-

| Light || 1-3mg

|-

| Common || 3-7mg

|-

| Strong || 6-10mg

|-

| Heavy || 10mg+

|}

= Duration =

Note: Duration can be significantly longer with higher doses.

Anecdotal evidence has shown the oral onset of 2C-E may vary wildly for some users, taking up to three hours before first effects in some cases.

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Oral

| Onset || 60-90 minutes

|-

| Total || 9-14 hours

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Insulated

| Onset || 20-40 minutes

|-

| Total || 6-9 hours

|}

= Effects =

2C-E is a psychedelic phenethylamine and as such has psychedelic and stimulant effects. As with all psychedelics, different users are likely to experience different sets of effects, which usually include some however very rarely would include all of the following effects.

Compared to other members of the 2C-X family, 2C-E is generally considered to have a heavier body load and to be more visual than its counterparts.

Note: The prevalence of negative effects increases with higher doses.

== Positive ==

* Mood lift, euphoria, sense of well-being

* Enhanced sensory perception

* Increase in associative & creative thinking; introspection

* Life-changing 'spiritual' experiences

* Closed and Open eye visuals, patterning, tracers, color-enhancement, etc.

* Enhanced appreciation of music

* Increase in energy

== Neutral ==

* Time dilation

* Slight increase in heart-rate and body temperature

* Inability to focus or difficulty focusing

== Negative ==

* Tension

* Anxiety, restlessness, confusion

* Dizziness

* Nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, possible vomiting

* Over-sensitivity to music or other sensory stimuli

* Unwanted 'spiritual' experiences

* Racing thoughts

= Harm Reduction =

* As with all psychedelic drugs 2c-e carries with it the potential for a very powerful experience, and as such has the potential to create a very difficult experience ('bad' trip). Mindset and setting play important roles in governing the nature of a psychedelic experience, among other things.

See [[Psychedelics#Harm_Reduction|Psychedelic Harm Reduction]] for more information.

*As with all stimulants, care should be taken when dosing via different ROAs. The oral route has a much lower bioavailabity than those that bypass first pass metabolism i.e. Insulated, rectal, intramuscular, intravenous and subcutaneous.

See [[Stimulants#Harm Reduction|Stimulant Harm Reduction]] for more information.

==Interactions==

* As with all psychedelic phenethylamines caution must be exercised when used in conjunction with other drugs. In particular 2C-E is thought to carry risk of causing potentially life-threatening psychological and/or physiological problems when used in conjunction with certain types of medication, including MAOIs, SSRIs, NDRIs and possibly Lithium.<ref>http://mentalmana.blogspot.com/2013/05/2c-e-europa-eternity.html</ref>

Note: This information is based on unconfirmed anecdotal reports and logical deduction based on pharmacological properties when compared with other potent psychedelics. We strongly suggest erring on the side of caution considering the lack of concrete evidence either way.

See the [[Drug combinations]] chart for more information.

= Chemistry and Pharmacology =

==Chemistry==

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine is a colorless oil and analogue of mescaline. Similarly it is classified as a psychedelic phenethylamine. It shares the substituted amphetamine core found in the structure of many entactogens. Crystalline forms are obtained as the amine salt by reacting the free base with a mineral acid, typically HCl. It is soluble in both water and ethanol. Maximum concentration in H2O is reported at ~50mg/ml and it is said to be relatively stable in solution. A drop below normal ambient temperatures can cause particles to crystalize out.

Shulgin does not report an exact boiling point for the free base, stating only that during one synthesis the fraction boiling between 90-100 °C at 0.25 mmHg pressure was collected and converted to the hydrochloride salt. Shulgin reports the melting point of the hydrochloride salt as 208.5-210.5 °C. Similarly it is classified as a psychedelic phenethylamine. It shares the substituted amphetamine core found in the structure of many entactogens.

A full write up on Shulgin's synthesis for 2C-E can be found [https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal024.shtml here]

==Pharmacology==

Like most psychedelic drugs, 2C-E is a 5-HT2a Agonist; from that, we can presume the concurrent or pre-administration of SSRI’s may reduce the effects of 2C-E and may possibly increase the risk of Serotonin Syndrome. [Link to serotonin syndrome here] Like most other drugs in the methoxylated phenethylamine derivative class (such as the other 2C’s), 2C-E acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is a serotonin, as well as a norepinephrine, agonist. 2C-E is one of the most potent of the 2C-X family, behind only 2C-P and 2C-T-4. The 2C-X family, specifically, 2C-E, 2C-I, and 2C-C all stimulated G protein binding, suggesting more of an activity similar to tryptamines such as 5-MeO-DMT and, interestingly, DPT. G Proteins are membrane proteins that effectively mediate interaction between hormone receptors and enzymes responsible for changes of metabolism as a result of hormonal changes.

In rats, Stage I metabolism involved deamination and O-Demthylation, which are related to the Monoamine oxidase (MAO) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. For virtually all the 2C’s, (B,I,D,E,T-2, and T-7), MAO-A and MAO-B were reacted upon; interestingly, ½ of the molecules in Shulgin’s Magical Half Dozen (2C-E, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7, with the addition of 2C-D) also act to a small extent on the CYP2D6 enzyme. Because of the commonality of these receptors, the 2C-X family is likely to be more reactive with other concurrently administered chemicals.

== LD50 ==

The LD50 in humans is not currently known. Use caution when exploring high doses of this compound.

= Legal status =

* In Australia, 2C-E was added to the 'Dangerous Drugs' list of the 'Drugs Misuse Amendment Act 2008.

* In Denmark, 2C-E has been added to the list of Schedule B controlled substances.

* In New Zealand, 2C-E is illegal under the Analogues section of Schedule 3 / Class C, along with 2C-I, DOI, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.

* In Sweden, 2C-E has been made illegal to sell or possess under their Act on the Prohibition of Certain Goods Dangerous to Health (''lagen om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor'')
* In the UK, 2C-E is a Class A controlled Substance under the Misuse of Drugs Act's 2002 amendments and as such is illegal to possess to supply.
* In the USA, 2C-E is a Schedule I substance under the FDA Safety and Innovation act of 2012, and is illegal to possess, distribute or manufacture.

= Links =

* [http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ce/ Erowid]

* [https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal024.shtml Pihkal Entry]

* [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/2C-E/ Wikipedia]

* [http://www.lycaeum.org/wiki/2C-E Lycaeum]

= Notes =

<references />

[[Category:Stimulant]]

[[Category:Psychedelic]]

[[Category:Drugs]]